The study examines the inception and realisation of the local train service between Svinov and Klimkovice, starting with initial considerations, and ending with its sale. The main focus is on the approach and activities of local authorities of the interested municipalities, and the part played by regional and state authorities in the realisation of the rail service. Funding sources and risks arising for the individual project participants and rail service realisation are also studied. Post-war development of the firm is also explored, namely the economic operations associated with the sale of the rail service to the Association of Moravian Local Rail Services, and the subsequent financial settlement between the local authorities and other participants in the company.
Myšlenkové experimenty jsou populárním argumentačním nástrojem ve vědě i fi losofi i. Jejich kritika ze strany naturalistických a experimentálních fi losofů vedla k vytvoření defl ačních a minimalistických koncepcí, které oslabují epistemickou sílu myšlenkových experimentů a smiřují je s empirismem. Cílem článku je ukázat, že tyto pokusy nepřekonávají hlavní problémy, se kterými se myšlenkové experimenty ve fi losofi i střetávají. Omezená lidská racionalita a představivost znemožňují experimentátorům řešit nereálné scénáře spolehlivým způsobem. Myšlenkové experimenty se ve fi losofi i používají jinak než ve vědě, protože ty pravé jsou obvykle neuskutečnitelné a uzavřené vůči možnosti empirické falsifi kace. Navíc jsou založeny na vadných analogiích a neoprávněně přenášejí důkazní břemeno. Persvazivní úspěšnost myšlenkových experimentů je velmi nízká, a proto nedokáží přispět k řešení fi losofi ckých problémů. Závěrem článku je, že nejběžnější druhy myšlenkových experimentů by měly být odstraněny ze souboru fi losofi ckých metod. and Th ought experiments are popular tools of argumentation in science and philosophy. Th e criticism of these experiments from naturalized and experimental philosophers has led to the formation of defl ationary and minimalist approaches that weaken the epistemic power of thought experiments and reconcile them with empiricism. Th is paper aims to demonstrate that these attempts do not overcome the main problems encountered by thought experiments in philosophy. Th e limits of human rationality and imagination prevent experimenters from solving unrealistic scenarios in a reliable way. Th ought experiments in philosophy are diff erent from science because the real ones usually cannot be implemented and are not open to the possibility of empirical falsifi cation. Moreover, they are based on defective analogies and they shift the burden of proof unfairly. Th e persuasive success of thought experiments is very low; therefore, they cannot contribute to the solution of philosophical problems. Th e paper concludes that the most common types of thought experiments should be removed from the set of philosophical methods.
Six rhinoceros not five. This is a brief report about new revision of white rhinocerus prepared by Colin P. Groves, Prithiviraj Fernando and Jan Robovský (PLoS ONE 5, 1-15, 2010). On re-assessing the taxonomy of the two forms of white rhinoceroses they find them to be morphologically and genetically distinct, warranting the recognition of the taxa formerly designated as subspecies: Ceratotherium simum simum the southern form and Ceratotherium simum cottoni the northern form, as two distinct species Ceratotherium simum and Ceratotherium cottoni respectively. The recognition of the northern form as a distinct species has profound implications for its conservation.