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3292. Biologie in silico: Ekologie genů z pohledu bioinformatiky
- Creator:
- Storchová, Radka, Divina, Petr, Vondrášek, Jiří, and Pačes, Jan
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3293. Biologie klíněnky jírovcové
- Creator:
- Weyda, František
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- biologie, klíněnka jírovcová, biology, and Cameraria ohridella
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3294. Biologové našli 30 druhů bezobratlých živočichů na Slovensku dosud nepozorovaných
- Creator:
- Zvolánková, Eliška and Wernerová, Markéta
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3295. Bioluminiscence hub - odvěký a stále záhadný fenomén
- Creator:
- Michal Sochor and Egertová, Zuzana
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, text, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Biologické vědy, bioluminiscence, houby, mykologie, bioluminescence, mushrooms, mycology, Fungi, Mycena chlorophos, Filoboletus manipularis, 2, and 57/59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Ačkoli bylo světélkování u hub doloženo již ve starověku, intenzivnějšího vědeckého studia se tomuto jevu dostává teprve v posledních letech. Článek shrnuje naše dosavadní poznání bioluminiscence u hub z hlediska evolučního, ekologického i fyziologického. Jeho součástí jsou i fotografie dvou tropických druhů se světélkujícími plodnicemi - Mycena chlorophos a Filoboletus manipularis., Bioluminescence in fungi was first observed in the Archaic period or earlier, but it has only recently been studied scientifically. This paper sums up our knowledge on this phenomenon from evolutionary, ecological, and physiological points of view. Included are photos of two tropical species with luminescent fruiting bodies - Mycena chlorophos and Filoboletus manipularis., and Michal Sochor, Zuzana Egertová.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3296. Bioluminiscence u brouků a její evoluce
- Creator:
- Bocáková, Milada
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Světélkování (bioluminiscence) je jev, s nímž se můžeme setkat u různých organismů od bakterií, hub, přes hmyz až po např. ryby. U hmyzu mají tuto schopnost hlavně někteří brouci z nadčeledi Elateroidea, např. světluškovití (Lampyridae) a další čeledi. Autorka popisuje různou míru přítomnosti a využívání bioluminiscence u jednotlivých skupin těchto brouků (larvy, imaga, aposematický projev, lákání kořisti, pohlavní výběr) a nové pohledy na jejich fylogenetické vztahy. and Bioluminescence can be found in various organisms, e.g. bacteria, fungi, insects and fish. In insects, particularly some beetles from the superfamily Elateroidea, fireflies, lightning bugs (Lampyridae) and other families display the ability to produce and emit “cold” light. The author describes the different presence and use of bioluminescence in particular groups of the above beetles (larvae, adults, aposematic or warning markings and behaviour, attracting prey and sexual selection) and new views on their phylogenetic relationships.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
3297. Biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in obese/overweight children: effect of lifestyle inetrvention
- Creator:
- Michal Vrablík, Milada Dobiášová, Lukáš Zlatohlávek, Zuzana Urbanová, and Richard Češka
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, obézní děti, obezita, overweight children, obesity, AIP [Log(TG/HDL-C)], ApoB/apoAI ratio, HOMA-IR (insulin resistance), cardiometabolic risk markers, intensive lifestyle intervention, obese children, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Obesity is a strong cardiometabolic (CM) risk factor in children. We tested potential CM risk in obese/overweight children and the effect of an intensive lifestyle intervention using newer CM markers: atherogenic index of plasma AIP [Log(TG/HDL-C)], apoB/apoAI ratio and a marker of insulin resistance HOMA-IR. The participants (194 girls, 115 boys, average age 13) were enrolled in an intensive, one-month, inpatient weight reduction program. The program consisted of individualised dietary changes and the exercise program comprised aerobic and resistance training. Anthropometrical and biochemical parameters in plasma and CM risk biomarkers - (AIP, apoB/apoAI ratio and HOMA-IR) were examined before and after the intervention. AIP and HOMA-IR significantly correlated with BMI while apoB/apoAI ratio did not. Only AIP and HOMA-IR showed systematic increases according to the level of obesity by BMI quartiles. Lifestyle intervention significantly improved anthropometrical and biochemical values and the biomarkers too. The response of lipid parameters to the intervention was considerably higher in boys than in girls. The children were stratified into three risk categories according to AIP, where 13.8 % of boys and 5.3 % of girls fell into high risk category. The monitored biomarkers may complement each other in the prognosis of CM risk. AIP was strongly related to obesity and to lipid and glycid metabolism, while the relationship of the apoB/apoAI ratio to obesity and glycid metabolism was not significant. The obese children benefited from the intensive lifestyle intervention which improved the anthropometrical and biochemical parameters and CM risk biomarkers., M. Vrablík, M. Dobiášová, L. Zlatohlávek, Z. Urbanová, R. Češka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3298. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction after tourniquet release in children
- Creator:
- Budic, I., Pavlovic, D., Kocic, G., Cvetkovic, T., Simic, D., Basic, J., and Zivanovic, D.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, oxidační stres, endotel, oxidative stress, endothelium, tourniquet, child, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Pneumatic tourniquets are widely used in pediatric extremity surgery to provide a bloodless field and facilitate dissection. This prospective study was carried out to examine possible effect of different anesthesia techniques on oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction connected with ischemia-reperfusion injury during extremity operations at children's age. Patients were randomized into three groups of 15 patients each: general inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane (group S), total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (group T) and regional anesthesia (group R). Venous blood samples for determination of the malondialdehyde in plasma and erythrocytes, protein carbonyl groups concentration as well as plasma nitrites and nitrates level and xanthine oxidase activity were obtained at four time points: be fore peripheral nerve block and induction of general anesthesia (baseline), 1 min before tourniquet release, 5 and 20 min after tourniquet release. This study demonstrates that total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and regional anesthesia techniques provide better antioxidant defense and reduce endothelial dysfunct ion than general inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane during tourniquet application in pediatric extremity surgery., I. Budic ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3299. Biomarkers of the physical function mobility domains among patients hospitalized in internal medicine
- Creator:
- Vrbová, Petra, Valášková, Simona, Gažová, Andrea, Smaha, Juraj, Kužma, Martin, Kyselovič, Ján, Payer, Juraj, and Koller, Tomáš
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyziologie člověka, lékařství, human physiology, medicine, microRNA, Frailty, Sarcopenia, Biomarker, Mobility, Hospitalization, Internal medicine, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Hospitalized patients in internal medicine have an increased risk of low physical reserve which further declines during the hospital stay. The diagnosis requires bed-side testing of functional domains or more complex investigations of the muscle mass. Clinically useful biomarkers of functional status are needed, thus we aimed to explore the potential of microRNAs. Among hospitalized patients, we recorded the basic demographics, anthropometrics, nutritional status, and physical function domains: hand-grip strength (HGS, abnormal values M<30 kg, W<20 kg), balance (<30 s), chair-stands speed (CHSS<0.5/s) and gait speed (GS<0.8 m/s). A panel of five micro-RNAs (miRNA 1, miRNA 133a, miRNA 133b, miRNA 29a, miRNA 29b) and basic blood biochemistry and vitamin D values were recorded. We enrolled 80 patients (M40, W40), with a mean age of 68.8± 8.4 years. Obesity was observed in 27.5 % and 30 %, low HGS and low CHSS in 65.0, 77.5 %, and 80, 90 % of men and women respectively. The median hospital stay was 6.5 days. MiRNA29a and miRNA29b have the strongest correlation with the triceps skinfold (miRNA 29b, r=0.377, p=0.0006) and CHSS (miRNA 29a, r=0.262, p=0.02). MiRNA 29a, miRNA 29b and 133a levels were significantly higher in patients with CHSS<0.5/s. Other anthropometric parameters, mobility domains, or vitamin D did not correlate. All miRNAs except of miRNA 1, could predict low CHSS (miRNA29b, AUROC=0.736 CI 0.56-0.91, p=0.01), particularly in patients with low HGS (miRNA 29b, AUROC=0.928 CI 0.83-0.98). Among hospitalized patients in internal medicine, low functional status was frequent. MicroRNAs were fair biomarkers of the antigravity domain, but not other domains. Larger studies with clinical endpoints are needed., Petra Vrbová, Simona Valášková, Andrea Gažová, Juraj Smaha, Martin Kužma, Ján Kyselovič, Juraj Payer, Tomáš Koller., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3300. Biomass partition, leaf gas exchange and water relations of alfalfa and milkvetch seedlings in response to soil drying
- Creator:
- Xu, B.-C., Deng, X.-P., Zhang, S.-Q., and Shan, L.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- botanika, botany, hydraulic root signal, root shoot ratio, nonhydraulic root signal, and water stress
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- This study compared physiological and growth responses to water stress of two legume species during the seedling stage. Potted alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Algonquin) and milkvetch (Astragalus adsurgens Pall. cv. Pengyang earlymaturing vetch) seedlings were grown under well-watered [soil water content (SWC) maintained at 14.92% daily] or water-stressed conditions (drying) for 15 days. Net photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (E) and stomatal conductance (gs) of both species decreased parabolically. When SWC decreased to 7.2% and 10.3%, gs values for alfalfa and milkvetch were significantly different from those of the respective well-watered plants (p<0.05). When SWC decreased to 6.6% for alfalfa and 6.8% for milkvetch, leaf water potentials (ψL) were significantly different from those of the well-watered plants (p<0.05). Thus the difference between the SWC thresholds for a nonhydraulic root signal (nHRS) and a hydraulic root signal (HRS) were 0.6% and 3.5% for alfalfa and milkvetch, respectively. Milkvetch had a lower gs than alfalfa for a given SWC (p<0.05). Although alfalfa seedlings had a higher dry mass (DM) and root:shoot ratio (R/S) than milkvetch in both treatments (p<0.05), we concluded that milkvetch seedlings had greater drought tolerance than alfalfa. and B.-C. Xu ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public