Aldosterone blocker Spironolactone has antiinflammatory, antiproliferative and antioxidative effects, that is why pathogenetically it is expedient to use it in complex therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Material and methods: 46 patients with RA took 2550 mg/day of Spironolactone during 12 months as an addition to standard therapy, the comparison group consisted of 47 patients that got only standard therapy, all the patients were fully examined prior and post the treatment. Results: complex RA therapy leads to improved VAS, HAQ, the antioxidative potential index F; decreased blood concentrations of TNFα, ICAM1, FGF and VEGF in contrast to standard therapy. Complex therapy made reduced the DAS 28 more > 0.6. Conclusions: applying of Spironolactone in complex therapy of rheumatoid arthritis contributes to more pronounced improvement in indices of articular syndrome and patients life quality, reduce of antiinflammatory, antiproliferative and angiogenic cytokines, and more effectively reduces the activity of the disease comparing to standard therapy., Elena Komarova, Borys Rebrov, and Literatura
Background: In evidence-based education, experts are supposed to possess skills and content knowledge. Scientific skills provide the tools and ways of thinking that enable researches to build the robust conceptual frameworks needed to gain expertise. Science education should not only provide broad content knowledge base but also develop analytical thinking, understanding of scientific research processes, and inspire curiosity of researchers. Objectives: is paper discusses the key results of subjective evaluation of attained outcomes of a 2,5-year project focused on enhancing research competences in a faculty of health sciences. Methods: e data was gathered from project members by four consequent semi-structured online questionnaires. Total number of respondents was 78 (N = 78) with 75% response rate. e data was analysed by a summative content analysis combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. Results: e findings present evident progress in personal achievements, team working, and scientific practice in the faculty. Based on identified needs the concrete measures supported learning and lead to enhancement in the target group’s research competences. Conclusions: Capacity building approach was successful in laying a robust foundation for consistent development in research-based practice both in academic and professional levels. Further research should be conducted on the long-term impacts of the project in the faculty. and Andrew Sirkka, Juraj Čáp
Nejlepší definice epigenetiky říká, že se zabývá studiem vlastností, jež jsou předávány prostřednictvím meiózy nebo mitózy a přitom nejsou závislé na primární struktuře DNA Britský genetik Adrian Bird k tomu dodává: „Epigenetika je užitečný termín, pokud nevíte, o co jde. Pokud to víte, nazvete to úplně jinak“ (Anonymus 2010)., The best working definition for the epigenetics is that it is the study of traits heritable through meiosis or mitosis that are not dependent on the primary DNA sequence. Even so, British geneticist Adrian Bird has commented: “Epigenetics is useful word if you don’t know what’s going on – if you do, you use something else” (Anonymus 2010)., and Jaroslav Petr
The significance of ABO blood system groups antigens in development of some malignant tumors is already established. The alteration of hormonal homeostasis must also be taken into account. Hence the aim of the investigation was to study ABO and Rh blood system antigens and hormonal status among reproductive age women with benign and malignant breast tumors. Methods: The determination of hormones was made by the enzymatic analysis method (ELAIZA), provided by proper ELAIZA kits. For the study of ABO and RhHr system antigens, internationally recognized immunoserology methods were used. Results: High index of the breast gland tumors were revealed in patients with A(II) phenotypic group, according to the ABO system. The frequency distribution of O(I) phenotypic group was low among women with breast tumors. Among D, C, E, c and e antigens of the Rh system, the frequency of D and E antigens were increased in benign and malignant breast tumors patients. The study of hormonal balance revealed thyroid gland hypofunction and increased level of estradiol on the background of increased testosterone and decreased progesterone levels. Such hormonal imbalance and excess production of estradiol creates conditions for malignant tumor formation in reproductive age women. Conclusion: The highest frequency of breast cancer in reproductive age was revealed in A(II) group patients. The wide spectrum of hormonal disorders were revealed in breast tumor patients of the reproductive age, which was especially clear in cases of malignant tumor., Irina Nakashidze, Nanuli Kotrikadze, Anzor Diasamidze, Marina Nagervadze, Manana Alibegashvili, Liana Ramishvili, Manana Gordeziani, and Literatura
The article presents the results of research into component composition of raw calendula’s essential oil. The study was conducted by gas chromatography mass spectrophotometry method under the following conditions: column - CP- Wax58FFAPCB 24,5 mm x 250 mm x 0,20 mm nominal, the mobile-phase-He (helium), speed-column mobile phase -1.0 ml /min, volume sample injection - 5 mkl; resolutions (5:1), in the Split, high-boiling chamber -220°C, detector temperature 275°C; Aux-200°C, column temperature 70°C gradually increased from 10°C / min to 250°C, maintained to the end of analysis temperature regime (250°C) for 5 min. muurololnaftalenol-8.522%. In addition, it was ascertained that in different parts of the world calendula’s essential oils differ from each other in qualitative composition and quantitative components., Aziza Juraeva, Olim Azizov, Viloyat Abdullabekova, Nodira Yunusxodjaeva, and Literatura
Hodnocení a sledování průběhu veřejně politických opatření (včetně politiky podpory zdraví) je, zejména v rámci diskurzu na poli veřejné politiky jako vědní disciplíny, chápáno jako nedílná součást tvorby a realizace veřejné politiky, která by měla přispívat k naplňování demokratických principů ve veřejné správě. Vlastní evaluační praxe, a tedy i konečný smysl hodnocení, se však může značně lišit od odborných akademických metodologických doporučení a deklarací v rámci strategických veřejně politických dokumentů. Cílem předkládaného článku je na základě systematické rešerše vytvořit teoretický rámec pro exploraci a porozumění evaluační praxi v politice podpory zdraví na národní úrovni (včetně podmínek, které na ni mohou působit) a představit zjištění některých zahraničních autorů, kteří zkoumali jednotlivé případy evaluační praxe., Public policy (including health promotion policy) evaluation and monitoring is considered, especially in the discourse on the ground of public policy as an academic discipline, to be an integral part of public policy creation and implementation, which should contribute to promotion of democratic principles in public administration. The particular evaluation practice and hence the very meaning of evaluation, may differ greatly from academic methodological recommendations and declarations included in strategic public policy documents. The aim of the article is to create a theoretical framework which can be used for exploration and understanding of evaluation practice in the health promotion policy at the national level (including various conditions which can influence the evaluation practice) and introduce some of the findings of authors dealing with particular cases of evaluation practice., and Eva Tušková
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FDP in patients with ocular ischemic syndrome. Material and methods. The material for this study is based on results of a comprehensive examination and treatment of 53 patients with a diagnosis OIS. The average age of the patients was 57,8 ± 6,82 year. 19 of them women, 34 men. 27 patients entered to the main group (1) which received standard therapy in combination with intravenous FDP (fructose 1,6-bisphosphate). 26 patients in the control group (2) received standard treatment. Results. In applying the FDP combined with comprehensive therapy in the main group resulted in increased of visual acuity by 32.8%, parameters of retinal sensitivity by 17.8%, reducing the area of scotomas compared with patients of the control group. Optical coherence tomography registered significant changes in the dynamics in patients of the main group - reducing the edema and restoration of RNFL and ONH. Recovery of visual function may have contributed neuroprotective activity of the drug FDP by a protective effect on nerve tissue, reducing the effects of hypoxic stress. Conclusions. The use of standard therapy in combination with FDP in the treatment of ocular ischemic syndrome has a positive effect on the course of the disease, thereby, increase of visual acuity, a decrease in sectoral loss in vision fields, the positive dynamics OCT parameters, improving hemodynamic parameters at Doppler imaging in dynamics., Dilbar Makhkamova, and Literatura
Cílem mé práce je zamyslet se nad existencialismem a postmoderním přístupem z pohledu vzájemných podobností i rozdílů. Existenciální analýza stojí podle mého názoru mezi modernou a postmodernou, protože na jedné straně vychází z poznávání objektivního světa (moderna), ale na druhou stranu k ní přidává požadavek subjektivního prožívání (postmoderna). Došel jsem k následujícím podobným předpokladům existenciálního a postmoderního přístupu: obrat k subjektivnímu prožívání, nereduktivní přístup k životní zkušenosti, schopnost svobodné volby, princip osobní zodpovědnosti, zdůrazňování vnitřních zdrojů klienta a orientace na budoucnost, širší kontext mezilidských vztahů či dané kultury, neexistence jediné pravdy, důraz na plynutí času, obrat k jazyku a přizpůsobení se jazyku klienta. Naproti tomu se oba směry vyznačují rozdíly v teoriích poznání, v různém zaměření na smysl a cíl života, v jiném pojetí emocí a z toho vycházejícího uchopování nepříjemných prožitků. Rozdílný pohled na některá témata vnímám jako podněcující, protože člověku skýtá příležitost přemýšlet o věcech novým, obohacujícím způsobem., The purpose of my work is to think of the existentialism and the postmodern approach from the view of their mutual similarities and differences. In my opinion, the existential analysis stands between the modernism and the postmodernism, because on the one hand it is based on the cognition of the objective world (the modernism) and on the other hand, there is also the requirement of subjective experience there (the postmodernism). I came to the following similar premises of the existential and postmodern approach: the return to subjective experience, non-reductive attitude to the life experience, the ability of free choice, the principle of personal responsibility, the accent on inner sources of the client and the focus on the future, broader context of the interpersonal relationships or the given culture, the absence of the only truth, the accent on the passage of time, the return to the language and the accommodation to the language of the client. On the contrary, both of the directions differ in the theories of cognition, in different focus on the meaning and goal of life, in different conception of emotions and consequent grasping of unpleasant experiences. I percieve the different view on some subjects as incitory, because it offers the opportunity of thinking about things in a new, enriching way., Slabý M., and Literatura
Backround: Worldwide, approximately 1 billion people, from which 200250 million are women, smoke. Based on the Estonian Medical Birth Register data, in 2010, 7,5% of pregnant women were smokers, and in 2012, 7% of pregnant women were smoking during their pregnancy. Thus, smoking rates among pregnant women fell only 0,5%. The objective of the research was to find out the views of pregnant women who were smoking during pregnancy of the effect of smoking on the health of them and their babies, and experiences in quitting smoking, changing indicators, e.g. smoking and socioeconomical status (initial exposure to smoking, employment, longterm partnerships etc.) in 20092013. Methods: This research is a phenomenological study, which was being carried out from October 2009 until January 2013. Data collection methods were semistructured interviews with 45 pregnant women smoking during their pregnancy and being registered for antenatal care in three health care institutions of Republic of Estonia. An inductive approach for qualitative analysis was used. Results: Most women smoking during pregnancy started smoking in their teens, their parents smoked, they were under 30 years old housewives or unemployed. On an average of 1120 cigarettes were consumed each day, the pregnancy of the research group did not influence frequency and tobacco intake. The participants in the research group reported that tobacco consumption helped them relax, gave them a chance to spend time in a good company, and it was not regarded as a bad habit but a social addiction, being caused by availability of tobacco products. Although most of them had an opinion about harmful effects of smoking, e.g. a cough, asthma and rapid fatigue, on the health of them and less on their expected babies, they continued smoking. Conclusions: The smoking and socioeconomical status of women smoking during pregnancy in 20092013 has not changed, health awareness of them is low and has not improved. Support groups with close relatives are needed to motivate cessation. In the first place, prevention needs a good example, purposeful cooperation, which starts in daily life context at homes, in educational institutions and in the community. Limiting the availability of tobacco products, postponing and preventing an initial exposure to smoking are thought to be of great importance. The results of the research will be introduced in health care institutions and they can be used in the health promotion process., Urve KaasikAaslav, Mare Vanatoa, Ene Kotka, and Literatura