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2. "Needless to say my proposal was turned down." The early days of commercial citation indexing, an "error-making" (Popper) activity and its repercussions till today

Creator:
Tüür-Fröhlich, Terje
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
věda, evaluace, scientometrie, science, evaluation, scientometrics, žebříčky hodnocení, chyby, kritická studia vědy, rankings, errors, critical science studies, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Today university rankings and performance rankings (ot en based on JIFs, h-indexes) are believed to be indispensable to assure scientii c “quality”. Most of these performance rankings employ citation data provided by h omson Reuters. TR’s current inl uence on funding decisions, individual careers, institutions, disciplines and countries is immense and ambivalent. h ere is increasing resistance against “impactitis” and “evaluitis”. Usually overseen: Trivial errors in TR’s citation indexes (SCI, SSCI, AHCI) produce severe non-trivial ef ects: h eir victims are authors, institutions, journals with names beyond the ASCIIcode and scholars of humanities and social sciences. Based on the Joshua Lederberg Papers I claim: To overcome severe resistance Eugene Gari eld and Joshua Lederberg had to foster overoptimistic attitudes and to downplay the severe problems connected to global and multidisciplinary citation indexing. h e dii culties to handle dif erent formats of references and footnotes, non- Anglo-American names, and of publications in non-English languages were known to the pioneers of citation indexing., Dnešní žebříčky univerzit a výkonnosti (často založené na JIF a h-indexech) jsou považovány za nepostradatelné pro zajištění vědecké „kvality“. Většina z těchto žebříčku produktivity využívá citační údaje poskytnuté h omson Reuters. Současný vliv TR na rozhodování o i nancování, na individuální kariéry, instituce, obory a země je ohromný a ambivalentní. Odpor vuči „impaktitidě“ a „evaluatitidě“ se zvyšuje. Obvykle je přehlížena skutečnost, že triviální chyby v citačních indexech TR (SCI, SSCI, AHCI) mají závažné, netriviální následky: jejich obětmi jsou autoři, instituce, časopisy vymykající se ASCII-kódu a akademici v humanitních a sociálních vědách. Na základě rozboru Joshua Lederberg Papers tvrdím, že aby překonali tvrdý odpor, Eugene Gari eld a Joshua Lederberg museli protěžovat přehnaně optimistické postoje a zlehčovat vážné problémy spojené s globálními a multidisciplinárními citačními indexy. Obtíže plynoucí z ruzných formátu odkazu a poznámek, jiných než anglo-amerických jmen a publikací v jiných jazycích než v angličtině byly známy již prukopníkum citačních indexu., and Terje Tüür-Fröhlich.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

3. (Copernican) Experiences and the (Copernican) Bible in Galileo’s Letter to Castelli

Creator:
Vesel, Matjaž
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
teorie vědy, theory of science, Galileo, dopis Castellimu, heliocentrismus, biblická hermeneutika, zkoumání přírody, Letter to Castelli, heliocentrism, Biblical hermeneutics, natural investigation, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Článek se zaměřuje na Galileův Dopis Castellimu z  21.  prosince 1613. Autor analyzuje Galileovy hermeneutické principy představené v první části dopisu (bible by měla být vyloučena ze zkoumání přírody) a jeho doslovnou interpretaci pasáže z  knihy Jozue (10: 12–13), v  duchu kopernikanismu, která se objevuje ve druhé části dopisu. Zdá se, že Galileo užívá bibli jako vědeckou autoritu a  na  podporu svých kopernikánských názorů, a  tak se ocitá v  rozporu se svými vlastními hermeneutickými principy. Autor tvrdí, že Galileovo stanovisko je konzistentní, zvláště pokud se vezme v  úvahu historický kontext jeho vzniku, tj. kontext stálých, teologicky motivovaných útoků na  Koperníka, Galilea a  jeho věrnost heliocentrickému systému světa (pohyb Země odporuje bibli) a  kontext jeho nedávných teleskopických pozorování a objevů., The article focuses on Galileo’s Letter to Castelli, 21 December 1613. The author analyzes Galileo’s hermeneutical principles established in the first part of the letter (the Bible should be excluded from natural investigation) and his literal interpretation of the passage from the Book of Joshua 10, 12–13, in Copernican terms, in the second part of the letter. Galileo appears to use the Bible as a scientific authority, supporting his Copernican views, and thus he seems to contradict his own hermeneutical principles. The author argues that Galileo’s position is consistent, especially if one takes into account the historical context of its genesis, that is, in the context of the constant, theologically-inspired attacks on Copernicus and Galileo and his commitment to the heliocentric world system (the movement of the earth contradicts the Bible) and in the context of his newly-made telescopic observations and discoveries., and Matjaž Vesel.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

4. 10 let kanceláře CZELO v Bruselu

Creator:
Slavíková, Kateřina
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, Česká styčná kancelář pro výzkum a vývoj v Bruselu (projekt), 10 let kanceláře CZELO (2015 : Brusel, Belgie), věda a společnost, výročí, science and society, anniversaries, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
V sídle Stálého zastoupení České republiky při EU se 28. května 2015 uskutečnila akce k příležitosti desetiletého výročí působení České styčné kanceláře pro výzkum, vývoj a inovace v Bruselu. Setkání doprovodila výstava předmětů z Pevnosti poznání, interaktivního muzea vědy Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci. and Kateřina Slavíková.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5. 110 let meteorologické observatoře Milešovka

Creator:
Zbyněk Sokol
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, věda a společnost, meteorologická měření, meteorologická pozorování, meteorologické stanice, klimatické změny, meteorologické observatoře, zemská atmosféra, meteorologické jevy, výročí, science and society, meteorological measurements, meteorological observations, meteorological stations, meteorological phenomena, meteorological observatories, climate changes, atmosphere of Earth, anniversaries, Milešovka (Česko : rozhledna), Milešovka (Czechia : lookout tower), Milešovka, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Nedílnou součást meteorologického a klimatologického výzkumu představují pozorování a měření stavu atmosféry. Příroda je jedna velká laboratoř, v níž se neustále dějí experimenty - ale zatímco lze ve standardních laboratořích experimenty připravovat a opakovat, příroda nic neopakuje a nezměřená data již nelze znovu získat. and Zbyněk Sokol.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

6. 17. listopad 1989 a Československá Akademie věd

Creator:
Antonín Kostlán
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, Československá akademie věd, 1981-1990, 20. století, Sametová revoluce (1989 : Československo), demonstrace, Velvet revolution (1989 : Czechoslovakia), demonstrations, Česko, Czechia, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
The Velvet Revolution was a non-violent uprising in Czechoslovakia that saw the overthrow of the Communist government. On November 17, 1989, police suppressed a peaceful student demonstration in Prague. Among the protesters were many young employees of Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. Based on the November events, civil forums were created at worksplaces. In consequences of the political evolvement, some of the compromised directors from institutes left their positions and during the following six months all directors had to be evaluated. Scientific committies began to form. On November 6, 1989, the entire presidium of ČSAV resigned and December 12, the Chamber of elected representatives of ČSAV was established. This organ became a carrier of fundamental changes, for example the first Czech science foundation was set up and proposals for evaluation of the institutes formed. The new organization structures of Academy were created. and Antonín Kostlán.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

9. 2015 - Mezinárodní rok půdy

Creator:
Olivová, Jana
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, rozhovory, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, Elhottová, Dana, půda, antibiotika, soil, antibiotics, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
The UN General Assembly has declared 2015 the International Year of Soils to raise awareness of the vital importance of soil, which is essential not only for food security and for cultivating plants for feed, fibre, fuel and medicinal products, but also for maintaining biodiversity as it hosts countless organisms. It plays a key role in storing and filtering water, in carbon and other nutrients cycling and performs other irreplaceable ecosystem functions. The Institute of Soil Biology of the CAS Biology Centre carries out biological research into many of those functions of soil in both natural and human–affected environments, including studies of the soil microstructure, soil organism communities and their dynamics and interactions and so on. Researchers at the Institute of Soil Biology focus, among other things, on the contribution of soil fungi to nitrous oxide emissions and on the production of methane. The latter is a potent greenhouse gas and a substantial part of atmospheric methane is produced by anaerobic microorganisms called Archaea found in the soil and in animal digestive tracts, while soil is also a significant methane sink. Research is also being concentrated on the characterization and risk assessment of antibiotic resistance-reservoirs in soil, which is connected with the massive use of antibiotics in the past five decades. Scientists examine ways of preventing the antibiotic resistance spreading in the environment through food chains as well as and on the role played by the soil microflora in those processes, as Doctor Dana Elhottová explains in the corresponding article. and Jana Olivová.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

10. 24. kongres Společnosti pro vědy a umění

Creator:
Alena Morávková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, Společnost pro vědy a umění, věda a umění, exilové instituce a organizace, kongresy, science and art, exile intitutions and organisations, congresses, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Alena Morávková.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

12. 50 let Ústavu stsruktury a mechaniky hornin AV ČR

Creator:
Weishauptová, Zuzana
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, Ústav struktury a mechaniky hornin (Akademie věd ČR), výzkum a vývoj, horniny, výročí, research and development, rocks, anniversaries, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
The Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics is focused on research connected with both natural rocks and rock environment on the Earth´s crust, as well as with artificially produced geomaterials, celebrates its 50th anniversary this year. and Zuzana Weishauptová.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

13. 60 let CERN v Akademii věd

Creator:
Jiří Chýla
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, Akademie věd České republiky, European Council for Nuclear Research, vědecké instituce a organizace, fyzika elementárních částic, výstavy, scientific institutions and organizations, elementary particle physics, exhibitions, Česko, Czechia, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
The largest international research centre for particle physics, the construction of which the Czech scientific community played a very important role, is celebrating the 60th year since its foundation in September 1954. It operates the 17-mile long Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the largest accelerator in the world. Its official name is the “European Organization for Nuclear Research”, but it is known internationally known by the acronym CERN (from the French, Conseil Européen pour la recherche nucléaire). A noteworthy interactive exhibition took place at ASCR headquarters from September 2 to October 12, 2014 was open to the public without charge. In an “interactive tunnel,” ASCR President Prof. Jiří Drahoš opened the exhibition with a ceremonial “kick-off of the protons.” CERN is the prototype of programmes for European cooperation through which a number of European projects have been built,” Professor Drahoš said. He cited the Czech scientific community for its involvement in experimental and scientific work there. Membership in CERN is important for the Czech Republic not only in terms of participation in top experiments, but significantly in providing young scientists and engineers an invaluable opportunity to expand their knowledge and skills for application in their nations. This issue of Academic bulletin features an interview with dr. Daniel Krasnický from CERN and Universitá di Genova and interview with dr. Jan Blaha from Stanford University who cooperates with CERN. and Jiří Chýla.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

14. 68-69: Květy jara - plody podzimu

Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, recenze, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, masmédia a politika, Pražské jaro (1968 : Československo), normalizace (1969-1989 : Československo), mass media and politics, Prague Spring (1968 : Czechoslovakia), "normalization" (1969-1989 : Czechoslovakia), 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
red.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

15. A bibliometric analysis of research papers published on photosynthesis: 1992-2009

Creator:
Yu, J. J., Wang, M. H., Xu, M., and Ho, Y. S.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
bibliometrie, bibliometrics, author keyword, research trend, scientometrics, science citation index expanded, 12, and 00
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
We present here a bibliometric analysis of publications on photosynthesis research from 1992 to 2009 in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) Web of Science. This has allowed us to examine the growing trends and the key topics on this subject. We have assessed the document type, language of the publications, publication output, subject category, journal distribution, countries and territories of these publications, institutions involved, hot topics and highly cited papers. The top 30 countries/territories were ranked according to their total number of articles (TA), single country articles (SCA), internationally collaborative articles (ICA), first author articles (FAA) and corresponding author articles (CAA). Research directions on the subject of photosynthesis were also investigated and evaluated by statistically analyzing the distribution of author keywords in the database. Our analysis indicates that “water”, “stress”, “carbon dioxide”, “nitrogen” and “climate change” are hot topics of research on photosynthesis during this period., J. J. Yu ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

17. Abrahámoviny Biologia Plantarum

Creator:
Jan Krekule
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, odborné časopisy, vědecké časopisy, botanika, professional journals, scientific journals, botany, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
The International Journal for Experimental Botany was founded in 1959 by Professor Bohumil Němec. The journal covers all branches of experimental botany ranging from molecular biology and biotechnology to whole-plant and stand functioning. and Jan Krekule.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

18. Aby víno nezkyslo: Soud nad první obranou proti pandemii AIDS - právo, spravedlnost a zákony

Creator:
Jan Svoboda and Václav Pavlíček
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, úvahy, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, virologie, AIDS, právo a věda, virology, AIDS (disease), law and science, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Jan Svoboda.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public