Stárnutí populace má ekonomické, politické i sociální důsledky. Na demografické změny reaguje plánování potřeb dlouhodobé péče včetně úvah o počtu profesionálních pečujících. Ačkoli v řadě zemí Organizace pro hospodář skou spolupráci a rozvoj (OECD) včetně ČR převládá péče rodinných pečujících, množství profesionálů se má v těchto zemích do roku 2050 zdvojnásobit (v ČR dokonce ztrojnásobit). Potřeba existence kvalitních institucí zajišťujících dlouhodobou péči je provázána s nastavením příznivých pracovních podmínek a podporou dobré zdravotní kondice jejich zaměstnanců. Prevence a podpora zdraví jak stárnoucí populace, tak formálních i neformálních pečujících, představují významná témata v politice dlouhodobé péče. V rámci reflexe současného stavu podpory zdraví a pracovních podmínek formálních pečujících v českém prostředí jsme provedli kvalitativní sondu (focus groups), jejímž cílem bylo zjistit subjektivní názory této cílové skupiny na snahy zaměstnavatelů o podporu jejich zdraví formou zkvalitňování pracovních podmínek. Klíčovým tématem byla úroveň podpory zdraví na pracovišti a s ní související pozitivní a negativní faktory ovlivňující pracovní výkon., Population aging has economic, political and social consequences. Planning needs of long term care (LTC) and reflecting the number of professional caregivers responds to demographic changes. Although family caregivers dominate in many OECD countries including the Czech Republic, a number of professionals in these countries will double until 2050 (even triple in the Czech Republic). The need for the existence of quality institutions providing LTC setting is linked with good working conditions and health promotion of their employees. Prevention and health promotion of the aging population and of formal and informal caregivers are important topics in LTC policy. Within reflection of the current state of health promotion and working conditions of formal caregivers in the Czech environment, we conducted a qualitative probe (focus groups). The objective was to determine subjective opinions of this target group of employers’ efforts to promote their health by improving working conditions. The key theme included the level of workplace health promotion and related positive and negative factors affecting work performance., Blanka Jirkovská, Hana Janečková, and Literatura
The management of chronic diseases shall be considered a priority in the work of the global international institutions, which are related to health policies. In the search for effective and efficient solutions for the treatment of chronic diseases, scientists are developing different programs. In Bulgaria the continuous monitoring of chronically ill people is defined with the term dispensarization. The objective of the research is to analyze the place and the role of patients in the monitoring of their chronic diseases and how the concept of quality of life relates to this process. Method The research in focus groups is planned within a research project on the monitoring of chronic diseases. Five group discussions were held. The number of participants in all focus groups was sixty. Results The two discussed directions - the active role of the patient and the focus on the results are weak links in the current organization of the care for the chronically ill people. The topic of creating and adopting an Act of the patient was also presented, in which to be paid attention to the evaluation of the quality of life. In general was brought the need for a clear delineation of the roles and the competencies of everyone involved in the monitoring process of chronic diseases. The chronic disease cannot be defined only as a medical problem, as there are economic and social, including political consequences. Conclusions The management of the chronic disease requires coordination of doctor-patient interaction, a model of partnership and trust in the relations, self-management of the condition by the patients and their inclusion in the health team. The most important step to achieve this goal is the education of the patients, increasing their knowledge and motivation, psycho-emotional support, instilling hope and faith in the capacity of the patients., Teodora Dimcheva, Gergana Foreva, Radost Аsenova, Nonka Маteva, Todor Stoev, Rosica Dimova, and Literatura