It is easier to prevent a disease than to cure it. This postulate is a foundation stone of the contemporary medicine, furthermore its mission. The Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD), amongst them the Chronic Pyelonephrites (CP) and the mass kidney reduction take an important place in human pathologies in general, and in particular in renal ones. The Chronic Pyelonephrites are chronic renal pathologies, which on one side are of various causes and on the other side are multi systemic. At the same time they tend, earlier or later, depending on their course, to bring the patient towards the Chronic Kidney Insufficiency in stage of uremia, consequently in need of substitution therapies e.g. dialysis, peritoneum dialysis or transplant. It is worthy to emphasize that from the prevention and correct cure of CP make profit the patients, the family, the state and in the last analyses the entire society, because in that way the budget expense destined for the fore going substitution cures, dialysis, peritoneum dialysis or transplant, is considerably reduced. The same should be mentioned in relation to the CP and the mass kidney reduction, speaking about our country, which are still at the first place as the very cause of Chronic Kidney Insufficiencies (CRI), later on advancing toward uremia and terminal uremia along with its grave consequences. In general the very foundation of the CP is on the infections of urinary roads, in particular on the complicated ones, among them it should be mentioned-congenital kidney anomalies, renal calculosis so much present in our country, and pathologies of segment or vesical-ureteral reflux, and rarely the pathologies of prostate., Fejzi Alushi, Nestor Thereska, and Literatura
Cieľ: Cieľom prieskumu bolo zistiť prevalenciu a rizikové faktory hypertenzie bieleho plášťa (WCH) u detí. Metodika: Formou retrospektívnej štúdie sme analyzovali zdravotné záznamy 140 detí (36 dievčat, 104 chlapcov) s vysokým krvným tlakom nameraným v kardiologickej ambulancii, u ktorých bolo vykonané 24-hodinové ambulantné monitorovanie krvného tlaku (ABPM) a určený typ hypertenzie. Hypertenzia bola diagnostikovaná, keď bol systolický a/alebo diastolický krvný tlak meraný auskultačnou technikou ≥ 95. percentil pre pohlavie, vek a výšku. WCH bola definovaná ako priemerná hodnota krvného tlaku v ambulancii nachádzajúca sa v percentilovom pásme hypertenzie a hodnota tlaku krvi počas 24-hodinového monitorovania ambulantného tlaku nachádzajúca sa v pásme normálnych hodnôt krvného tlaku. Výsledky: V skupine 140 detí bola potvrdená prítomnosť WCH u 51 detí (36,4 %) – 13 dievčat a 38 chlapcov. Z celkového súboru sa WCH vyskytovala u 36,1 % zaradených dievčat a 36,5 % zaradených chlapcov. Systolický TK sa v kardiologickej ambulancii nachádzal nad 95. percentilom, diastolický TK pod 90. percentilom. Väčšina pacientov s WCH bola vo veku 15 – 19 rokov (80,4 %) a v pásme od 3. do 90. percentilu BMI (72,5 %). U pacientov prevládala negatívna rodinná anamnéza hypertenzie (54,9 %) a zriedkavé návštevy kardiologickej ambulancie (2-4x). Krvný tlak v ambulancii merala deťom výlučne sestra. Záver: Zistenie prevalencie WCH a jej rizikových faktorov je u detí významné, pretože prevažuje názor, že v detskom veku je WCH predispozíciou k trvalej hypertenzii. Na základe zistení rizikových faktorov, môžeme vykonávať prevenciu WCH., Aim: The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence and risk factors of white coat hypertension (WCH) in children. Methods: We realized the retrospective study and analyzed records of 140 children (36 girls, 104 boys) with high blood pressure measured in cardiology outpatients' clinic, to whom a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was made and the type of hypertension was specified. Hypertension was diagnosed when systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure measurements with auscultatory technique were ≥ 95th percentile for sex, age and height. White coat hypertension (WCH) has been defined as mean blood pressure (BP) readings in outpatients' clinic being located in the hypertensive range while 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is in the normal range. Results: In the group of 140 children the presence of WCH was confirmed in 51 children (36,4 %) - 13 girls and 38 boys. WCH occurred in 36,1 % of girls and 36,5 % of boys in the total sample of respondents. Systolic BP in cardiology outpatients' clinic reached the value above the 95th percentile, diastolic BP below the 90th percentile. The most patients with WCH were 15 – 19 years old (80,4 %) and in 3rd - 90th percentile of BMI (72,5 %). Patients prevailed negative family history of hypertension (54,9 %) and fewer visit (2-4 times) of cardiology outpatients' clinic. Blood pressure of children was measured exclusively by a nurse in this outpatients' clinic. Conclusion: Determination of the prevalence of WCH and its risk factors in children is important because of prevailing opinion that WCH in children is predisposition in permanent hypertension. Based on the detection of risk factors, we can implement prevention of WCH., Anna Ovšonková, Daniela Kubisová, and Literatura
Purpose: To investigate the protective action of Ceruloplasmin (Cp) on the lysis of erythrocytes in men with prostate tumors. Material and Methods: The blood erythrocytes of the patients with benign hyperplasia of prostate (BHP) and prostate adenocarcinoma (CaP) were studied. Patients at the age 60-75 with early stages of a cancer have been investigated. The control group was consisted of apparently healthy males with the compatible age. n=15 for each group. The clinical stage of the disease was diagnosed by means of rectal, histological and echographic examination of the prostate gland. Photometric methods were applied to register lysis dynamics in order to test out the protective action of Cp. Results: The nonspecific protective function of Cp preparation on BHP and CaP erythrocytes as well as on the control group erythrocytes was revealed. CaP erythrocytes have shown more sensitivity to the lysis provocative factor than BHP and the control group erythrocytes, that was presumably attributed to the structural and functional changes of the erythrocytes developed in the presence of malignant tumor., N. Kotrikadze, M. Zibzibadze, L. Ramishvili, M. Alibegashvili., T. Chigogidze, L. Managadze, and Literatura
The review focuses on a very peculiar aspect of the application of copper containing biologically active compounds of different chemical classes as have shown at the last scientific researches in the field of Cu (II) chelates, chelates possess have a higher activity of the same sort, than their mother compounds. The presented material shows essentially important qualities of Cu (II) containing compounds in biological aspect and has an interest for chemists, biochemists and pharmacologists., Sedrak Ghazaryan, and Literatura
Pharmaceutical industry - one of the few areas in which innovations affect all of us, because ultimately have a direct impact on the duration and quality of life for us and our loved ones. In the presence of a strong market and a lack of understanding of the need for innovation is necessary, in our opinion, investing in basic research and facilitate the process of innovation in the pharmaceutical industry by the state and society. For the targeted development of pharmaceutical industry seems appropriate to determine at the state level prospects for the domestic pharmaceutical industry and its role in the international market, and develop a drug "doctrine" of Russia. This paper analyzed the problems of the state associated with the pharmaceutical market in the globalization period. Also investigated the theoretical aspects of the modern study of globalization in the light of the analysis for the global pharmaceutical industry and analyzes the major political and economic factors that have the most significant impact on the production of pharmaceuticals., Natalia Klunko, Reta Marynia, and Literatura