Ketoconazole has been widely used as an antifungal drug that is formulated as tablets, cream and overthecounter ketoconazole shampoo. The aim of this research was to study and to standardize an ultraviolet spectrophotometric (UVS) method, potentiometric and a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of ketoconazole in commercially available Oromycosal® tablets. These three methods were compared and discussed with respect to their sensitivity, selectivity and readyapplicability in routine analytical work. Absorption spectra and spectrophotometric determinations were carried out on the UVS spectrophotometer. Investigated concentrations were in range from 0.003 to 0.02mg?dm3. The absorbance was measured at 224 nm. In potentiometric titrations glass and saturated (KCl) calomel electrode were used. HPLC analyses of ketoconazole were carried in the presence of econazole as internal standard. It can be concluded that the described methods are simple, fast and reliable for determination of ketoconazole in pharmaceutical preparations. The preparation of the samples is easy, the excipients do not interfere in the methods, so they can be used in routine quality control analysis., Biljana Gjorgjeska, and Literatura
Colonic polyps and polyposis are studied in 183 patients. It has been found, that sensitivity of rectoscopy is 66.7%, irrigoscopy 61.1%, virtual colonoscopy computeraided tomography of colon (VCCATC) 79.1%. Endoscopic polypectomy was the main treatment method used in patents with colonic polyps and polyposis (18.6%). In cases of surgical treatment (57.9%) in patients with total involvement of colon colproctectomy with formation of ileal reservoir can be considered as the method of choice., Sapaev D. A., Navruzov S. N., Rakhmanov S. T., Kurbonov O. A., Mirzakhmedov M. M., and Literatura
Práce prezentuje prenatální diagnostiku, možnosti terapie a následnou péči u plodů a novorozenců s kongenitálním chylothoraxem na podkladě zhodnocení 14 případů na naší klinice v letech 1993 až 2012. Povšechný hydrops plodu byl popsán ve 4 případech (29 %), v 10 případech (71 %) byla provedena odlehčovací amniodrenáž a ve 3 případech (21 %) prenatální odlehčovací punkce hrudníku. Spontánně bylo porozeno 11 plodů (78 %), hrudní drenáž byla nezbytná v průměru 9 dnů po porodu. Mortalita dosáhla v souboru 29 % (4 případy). V článku popisujeme vyšetřovací algoritmy, terapeutické prenatální i postnatální postupy a je zdůrazněna nutnost mezioborové spolupráce., The work presents prenatal diagnosis, treatment and care options in fetuses and neonates with congenital chylothorax based on a detailed evaluation of 14 cases recorded in our department between years 1993 and 2012. Generalized fetal hydrops was described in 29% of cases, therapeutic amnio drainage performed in 71% and prenatal thoracentesis in 21% of cases. 78% of fetuses were delivered spontaneously; thoracic drainage was necessary nine days after birth in average. Mortality reached 29%. The following text describes diagnostic algorithms, prenatal and postnatal therapeutic options with emphasis on the need for interdisciplinary cooperation., Alena Malkovská, Zdeněk Žižka, Andrea Pašková, Václav Sebroň, Pavel Calda, and Literatura
Politika dlouhodobé péče o starší věkové skupiny chronicky nemocných a nesoběstačných osob je poměrně často ve zjednodušených modelech dávána do souvislosti s budoucími hrozbami pro veřejný sektor a veřejné finance. Navrhovaným „nezbytným“ řešením jsou pak obvykle změny v organizaci a financování dlouhodobé péče v rámci tržně orientovaných reforem, ovšem se zásadními důsledky vzniku nerovností v dostupnosti a ve zdraví, nekoordinovaným procesem poskytování služeb, v nichž dochází k výrazné asymetrii mezi příjemci a poskytovateli služeb. Předmětem práce je tržně orientovaný přístup případu věcného návrhu zákona o dlouhodobé péči v ČR v roce 2011, porovnávaný s rozdílným vývojem diskurzu této oblasti v EU/EC-OECD-WHO a také od vývoje poznání/výzkumu. Cílem práce je kritická reflexe příčin tak odlišného zjednodušujícího vývoje v ČR s využitím metody diskurzivní analýzy. Článek vznikl za finanční podpory projektu „PRVOUK P17 - Vědy o společnosti, politice, médiích ve výzvách doby", Long-term care (LTC) policy for chronically ill and disabled seniors is quite often simplified in models overestimating future threats to the public sector and public finance. The proposed solution is then formulated in changes of the organization and financing of LTC as a part of market-oriented reforms, without the evaluation of major consequences in terms of inequalities in access and in health. The subject of the work is marketoriented approach of the bill on LTC in the Czech Republic in 2011, in contrast to the discourse of LTC policy options in the EU / EC-OECD-WHO and the development of knowledge / research. The aim of the work is a critical reflection of causes of such different and simplifying policy making in the Czech Republic., Petr Háva, and Literatura
The article is focused on the key problems of long-term care provided to disabled seniors above 65 years of their age and disabled children in the Czech Republic from informal carers' point of view. The research is based on 25 semi-structured interviews with informal carers. The results show a serious shortage of (social and health care) services generally as well as for informal carers alone, shortage of useful information and medical devices. In some cases, insufficient coordinative and informative role of general practitioners and paediatricians is also a problem. The informal carers also criticised poor coordination of medical and social care in the Czech Republic., Dobiášová Karolína, Kotrusová Miriam, Hošťálková Jitka, and Literatura