Mnohočetný myelom (MM) a solitární plazmocytom (SP) jsou nejčastější primární nádory páteře. Léčba MM a SP páteře je komplexní proces, který zahrnuje léčbu kauzální s cílem potlačit nádorový klon a dále léčbu podpůrnou, jejíž součástí je i chirurgická terapie. Operace přispívají k lepší kvalitě života a nabývají na významu a smysluplnosti zejm. díky zlepšené prognóze onemocnění. Navrhli jsme algoritmus operační léčby MM a SP a ten jsme dále prospektivně ověřovali a jeho vyhodnocení bylo cílem této studie. Pacienti byli operováni v průběhu 10 let, minimální doba sledování byl jeden rok. Soubor tvořilo 32 pacientů (20 mužů a 12 žen) s průměrným věkem 61 let. Operováno bylo celkem 61 obratlů. Důvodem k operaci byly projevy útlaku míchy a progredující neurologický deficit (hodnoceno Frankelovou škálou) nebo na konzervativní léčbu nereagující axiální bolest (hodnoceno VAS; Visual Analogue Scale) páteře. Provedena byla některá z těchto operací: vertebroplastika (VP), laminektomie, transpedikulární fixace, somatektomie a jejich kombinace, nebo okcipito‑cervikální fixace. Pooperační VAS a Frankelova škála byly vyhodnoceny za jeden rok, skiagramy a MR jsme provedli a zhodnotili každý jeden rok. U žádného pacienta nenastala lokální recidiva tumoru ani selhání stabilizace na operovaném úseku v celém sledovaném období. Průměrný předoperační VAS byl 6,8 a jeden rok po operaci se průměrný VAS snížil na 1,1. Všechny operační výkony vedly nejen ke kontrole bolesti, ale také k prevenci nebo zlepšení neurologického postižení po celou dobu sledování. Hodnotili jsme náš postup – algoritmus operací, míru radikality a jejich načasování jako optimální pro MM i SP., Multiple myeloma (MM) and solitary plasmacytoma (SP) are the most frequent primary tumors of the spine. Management of the spinal MM and SP is a complex process involving causal treatment to suppress the tumor clone, as well as supportive therapy, including surgery and radiotherapy. Surgery should be considered because of its favourable effect on disease prognosis. We proposed a surgical treatment algorithm in patients with spinal MM and SP and the aim of this article is to present prospective evaluation of this algorithm. Patients undergoing surgical treatment during the past 10 years were included in this study, with the minimum follow-up of one year. A total of 32 patients (20 males and 12 females) with the mean age of 61 years were included. Surgery of 61 vertebrae was performed. The procedures were indicated for progressing neurological deficit (Frankel score) and for axial spinal pain (VAS classification). We performed the following procedures: vertebroplasty, laminectomy, transpedicular fixation, somatectomy, and their combination, or occipito-cervical fixation. Frankel score and VAS was assessed one year after the surgery and X-ray and spinal MRI was performed every year. No local relapses of the tumor or stabilization failure were detected. The mean preoperative VAS was 6.8 and improved to 1.1 one year after the surgery. During the follow up period, we observed positive effect of surgery on pain control and on prevention or improvement of neurological dysfunction. The authors concluded that all surgical procedures, the extent of resection and timing were adequate in all subjects. Key words: multiple myeloma – solitary plasmacytoma –vertebroplasty – transpedicular fixation – somatectomy The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers., and L. Hrabálek, T. Wanek, J. Minařík, J. Bačovský, V. Ščudla, M. Vaverka
More than 60 neuropeptides that inhibit juvenile hormone synthesis by the corpora allata have been isolated from the brains of various insect species. Most of them are characterized by a common C-terminal pentapeptide sequence Y/FXFGL/I/V (allatostatin A family, allatostatin superfamily). Besides the allatostatin A family, allatostatic neuropeptides belonging to other two peptide families (W2W9)-allatostatins or allatostatin B family; lepidopteran allatostatin) were reported. So far, only one allatotropin has been identified. Here we discuss latest literature on the multiplicity and multifunctionality of the allatoregulating neuropeptides, their physiological significance as well as their evolutionary conservation in structure and function., Klaus H. Hoffmann, Martina Meyering-Vos, Matthias W. Lorenz, and Lit
Four peptides with allatostatic activity were isolated from brains of the Mediterranean field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus. Three of them (Grb-AST A3: AGMYSFGL-NH2; Grb-AST A4: SRPFGFGL-NH2; Grb-AST A5: GPDHRFAFGL-NH2) belong to the wide-spread family of Y/FXFGL/I-amide peptides, the fourth (Grb-AST B5: AWDQLRPGW-NH2) is a member of the W2W9 - amide family of neuropeptides. All of these peptides are potent inhibitors of juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis by cricket corpora allata in vitro, causing 50% inhibition of JH biosynthesis at 0.4-3 × 10-8 M. The two peptides Grb-AST A5 and Grb-AST B5 have virtually the same potency and efficacy in inhibiting JH biosynthesis in vitro. No synergistic effect of the two peptide families with respect to the inhibition of JH biosynthesis could be observed. Peptides of both families decrease the accumulation of methylfarnesoate, the direct precursor of JH, within CA that have been incubated in farnesol-rich medium. This suggests an involvement of these ASTs in the late steps of JH biosynthesis., Mathias W., Roland Kellner, Klaus H. Hoffmann, and Lit
Allozyme polymorphism was investigated in adult males of the stenotopic peat bog (tyrphobiontic) noctuid moth, Coenophila subrosea Stephens, from three isolated peat bog localities in Austria (Styria) and Czech Republic (South and North Bohemia). Of the eighteen enzyme loci examined, twelve were polymorphic and six monomorphic. Significant deviations of genotype frequencies from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed at about one third of polymorphic loci within the populations. The average heterozygosities for the populations from three geographically distinct localities ranged from 0.192 to 0.245, and 61% of the loci were polymorphic. The FST mean value of 0.0675 was higher than that found in most other Lepidoptera. The genetic distances based on allozyme heterozygosity ranged from 0.019 to 0.051, with the population from South Bohemia being the most distant. The genetic distances and FST values do not reflect the geographic distances between the populations. Morphometric analysis revealed a difference between the Austrian Purgschachen Moor and Bohemian populations. These isolated relict peat bogs are habitat islands inhabited by unique "geographical races" of tyrphobiontic taxa., Jan Šula, Karel Spitzer, 4 obrázky, 5 tab., and Lit.
redakcí a s illustracemi Alfreda Rudolfa ; autografoval Josef Groulík, V nakladatelských údajích uvedeno: Litografickou práci pořídil M. Perna v Brně, zinkografie J. Stránecký v Praze, Frontispis, and Tištěno těsnopisem
Hanuš Jelínek, Skizza vznikla ze starších statí a přednášky a byla doplněna dne 17. března 1930, v den kremace Aloise Jiráska, and Pozůstalost prof. Černého, sign. E0-2171