Action of antiepileptic drugs in immature brain may differ from that in adult brain. The aim of our study was to study an anticonvulsant action of lamotrigine and phenytoin, i.e. two drugs active against partial seizures in adult experimental animals as well as human patients, in a model of simple partial seizures in immature rats. Epileptic foci were induced by local application of bicuculline methiodide on sensorimotor cortical area of 12-dayold rat pups. The animals were pretreated with lamotrigine (LTG, 10 or 20 mg/kg i.p.) or phenytoin (PHT, 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg i.p.). Control rats for LTG received saline, controls for PHT solvent composed of propyleneglycol, ethanol and water. Influence of either drug on interictal activity was negligible. High doses of both LTG and PHT suppressed the transition into ictal phases and shortened the duration of persisting seizures. The tricomponent solvent exhibited moderate activity against ictal activity if compared with saline controls. The two drugs exhibited similar action in our model, i.e. the suppression of secondary generalization from epileptic focus. This action is comparable to that described for human patients and adult experimental animals. In favor of lamotrigine speaks the absence of serious side effects., K. Bernášková, P. Mareš., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The objective of this study was to determine if primers, probes, and pHCl, a plasmid containing a 2.3 kilobasc insert of genomic DNA from Cryptosporidium parvum, would be useful for the detection of Cryptosporidium wrairi DNA using the polymerase chain reaction. C. wrairi DNA was prepared from oocysts recovered from guinea pigs and C. parvum DNA was prepared from the Iowa strain of C. parvum. Two 26-(bp) primers were used to amplify a 452-base pair bp target sequence within the cloned DNA. Similarly-sized PCR products were obtained with the pHCl plasmid DNA, C. parvum DNA, and C. wrairi DNA. However, a 20-base pair probe did not detect C. wrairi DNA. Sequencing of C. wrairi DNA homologous with the 452-bp segment of C. parvum DNA showed 18 bp changes including bp changes in the segment homologous with the probe. A new probe based on homologous sequences was useful for detection of both species of Cryptosporidia. The sequences of the homologous 452-bp segment from the Iowa strain of C. parvum and that segment of C. parvum DNA from the pHC I plasmid were very similar. Nine base pairs identical in the homologous bp segment of the Iowa strain of C. parvum, C. wrairi and the pHCl plasmid differed from those previously reported. Previously reported primers and a newly designed probe proved to be useful for detecting C. wrairi DNA.
Studie Janky Petőczové se zabývá osobností hudebního skladatele Jána Šimráka (Johann Schimrack) a věnuje se také problému varianty jména Šimbracký, která byla v slovenské muzikologii užívána ještě nedávno., Janka Petőczová., Rubrika: Studie, and Slovenské resumé na s. 314, anglický abstrakt na s. 273.
Příspěvek se zabývá otázkou interakčních sil mezi hrotem sondy a studovaným povrchem při měření profilu povrchu pomocí bezkontaktní mikroskopie atomárních sil (AFM), které jsou zodpovědné za atomární rozlišení. Využitím kombinace dalekodosahových přitažlivých van der Waalsových sil a krátkodosahových odpudivých sil jsou prezentovány simulace zobrazovacích principů. Toto modelování umožňuje získat obrázky vybraných povrchů (např. Si) a diskutovat limity rozlišení metody., Radek Kalousek, David Škoda, Filip Lopour, Tomáš Šikola., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Atmosféra Titanu je zložená najmä z dusíka a metánu. Je tu pomerne častá elektrická aktivita v podobě atmosférických výbojov. Tieto podmienky pripomínajú stav atmosféry Zeme v jej počiatkoch. Je zaujímavé skúmať, ako v danom prostredí vznikajú základné organické molekuly, které sú stavebnými prvkami živých organizmov. Zaoberáme sa simuláciami procesov vedúcich ku tvorbe takýchto zlúčenin. Za prostredie vhodné pre simuláciu sme zvolili jednosmerný korónový výboj horiaci v zmesi dusíka a metánu. Výsledky ukazujú, že produktami výboja sú také zlúčeniny, ktoré boli detegované aj v atmosfére Titanu., G. Horváth, J. Országh, Š. Matejčík, M. Zahoran, N. J. Mason., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Oxidation kinetics of celulose, lignin, brown coal, and their mixtures were investigated. Using non-linear regression method kinetic parameters from thermogravimetric curves were calculated for oxidation of volatile matter and fixed carbon (char). The presence of the cellulose in the mixture affects the rate constant of lignin and brown coal oxidation which was determined by means of Arrhenius plots., Petr Šušák, Silvie Vallová and Juraj Leško., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Chlorophyll fluorescence serves as a proxy photosynthesis measure under different climatic conditions. The objective of the study was to predict PSII quantum yield using greenhouse microclimate data to monitor plant conditions under various climates. Multilayer leaf model was applied to model fluorescence emission from actinic light-adapted (F') leaves, maximum fluorescence from light-adapted (Fm') leaves, PSII-operating efficiency (Fq'/Fm'), and electron transport rate (ETR). A linear function was used to approximate F' from several measurements under constant and variable light conditions. Model performance was evaluated by comparing the differences between the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean square error (MSE) of observed and predicted values. The model exhibited predictive success for Fq'/Fm' and ETR under different temperature and light conditions with lower RMSE and MSE. However, prediction of F' and Fm' was poor due to a weak relationship under constant (R2 = 0.48) and variable (R2 = 0.35) light., E. Janka, O. Körner, E. Rosenqvist, C.-O. Ottosen., and Obsahuje bibliografii