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20884. Silicon nutrition mitigates salinity stress in maize by modulating ion accumulation, photosynthesis, and antioxidants

Creator:
Khan, W. U. D., Aziz, T., Maqsood, M. A., Farooq, M., Abdullah, Y., Ramzani, P. M. A., and Bilal, H. M.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
chlorofyl, chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate, total phenolics, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Silicon is known to improve resistance against salinity stress in maize crop. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of silicon application on growth and salt resistance in maize. Seeds of two maize genotypes (salt-sensitive ‘EV 1089’ and salt-tolerant ‘Syngenta 8441’) were grown in pots containing 0 and 2 mM Si with and without 50 mM NaCl. After detailed investigation of ion concentrations in different maize organs, both genotypes were further selected in hydroponic experiment on basis of their contrasting response to salinity stress. In the second experiment, pre-germinated seedlings were transplanted into nutrient solution with 0 and 60 mM NaCl with and without 2 mM Si. Both genotypes differed significantly in their response to salinity. Silicon addition alleviated both osmotic and oxidative stress in maize crop by improving the performance of defensive machinery under salinity stress. Silicon application also improved the water-use efficiency in both tested genotypes under both normal and salinity stress conditions. In conclusion, this study implies that the silicon-treated maize plants had better chance to survive under salinity conditions and their photosynthetic and biochemical apparatus was working far better than that of silicon-non-treated plants., W. U. D. Khan, T. Aziz, M. A. Maqsood, M. Farooq, Y. Abdullah, P. M. A. Ramzani, H. M. Bilal., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

20885. Silk recycling in larvae of the wax moth, Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Creator:
Shaik, Haq Abdul, Mishra, Archana, and František Sehnal
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, zavíječovití, zavíječ voskový, motýli, Pyralidae, Galleria mellonella, butterflies, Lepidoptera, silk recycling, larval silk, cocoon silk, Bombyx mori, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Galleria mellonella larvae spin protective tubes, which they use until they finish feeding, when they spin cocoons. A feeding choice experiment showed that some of the silk produced by feeding larvae was consumed in addition to the standard diet (STD). To determine the effect of feeding on silk, last instar larvae were fed for 24 h on foods based on STD but modified by replacing the dry milk component (10% of the diet) with equal amounts of different kinds of silk. While each control larva consumed 21 ± 0.5 mg of the STD and produced 4.5 ± 0.1 mg of silk, larvae that ate the food that contained larval silk consumed 10 ± 0.4 mg of food and produced 6.1 ± 0.1 mg silk; the percentage ratio of silk produced to diet consumed was 21% and 61%, respectively. A more pronounced reduction in food consumption occurred when larvae were supplied with Galleria "cocoon" silk or the sericin fraction of such silk, and only 3.8 mg/larva was ingested of the diet containing Bombyx mori cocoon silk or its sericin fraction. Silk production expressed in terms of percentage of diet consumed was always higher than that recorded for larvae fed STD. We conclude that G. mellonella larvae recycle part of the silk that they produce during feeding. Presence of silk in the diet reduces food intake but increases the ratio of silk production to diet consumption. Sericin fraction of the cocoon silk seems to deter feeding., Haq Abdul Shaik, Archana Mishra, František Sehnal., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

20887. Silnoproudé výboje na katedře fyziky FEL ČVUT

Creator:
Kubeš, Pavel and Kravárik, Jozef
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
České vysoké učení technické v Praze., Elektrotechnická fakulta., Katedra fyziky, vysoké technické školy, fyzika plazmatu, energie, technical universities, plasma physics, energy, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
Pavel Kubeš, Jozef Kravárik. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

20889. Silové působení laserových svazků na nesférické objekty

Creator:
Zemánek, Pavel, Jákl, Petr, and Brzobohatý, Oto
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Kepler, Johannes, 1571-1630, fyzika, lasery, physics, lasers, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Silové působení světla na objekty je registrováno patrně od 17. století, kdy Johanes Kepler zmínil tento mechanismuus na základě pozorování odklonu chvostů komet od Slunce. Od této ukázky radiačního tlaku našly silové účinky světla řadu podob a aplikací ve všech přírodních vědách - od zachycení mikroorganismů ve fokusovaném laserovém svazku přes optická síta ke třídění částic, chlazení pohybu nanočástic až po stabilizaci orientace satelitu Kepler (jak zajímavá historická shoda). V předkládaném článku se zaměříme na chování nanočástic a mikročástic nekulového tvaru ozářených laserovými svazky různých vlastností., A force interaction between light and objects has been suggested since the 17th century when Johannes Kepler proposed this mechanism after observing comet tails which deviate from the Sun. Since this initial example of radiation pressure, the force interaction between light and objects has found many forms and applications in sciences - from trapping of microorganisms in a focused laser beam to optical sieves for particle sorting to cooling of nanoparticles motion or orientation stabilisation of the Kepler satellite (an interesting historical coincidence). In this contribution we will focus on the behaviour of nanoparticles and microparticles with a non-spherical shape illuminated by laser beams of various properties., Pavel Zemánek, Petr Jákl, Oto Brzobohatý., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

20890. Silver and/or copper vermiculites and their antibacterial effect

Creator:
Hundáková, Marianna, Marta Valášková, Tomášek, Vladimír, Erich Pazdziora, and Matějová, Kateřina
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, vermikulit, stříbro, měď, vermiculite, silver, copper, structure characterization, antibacterial effect, 7, and 551
Language:
English
Description:
Vermiculite (V) from Brazil with aqueous solutions AgNO3 and/or Cu(NO3)2 was used for preparation of nanocomposites V/Ag, V/Cu, V/AgCu and V/CuAg using two procedures and their effect on bacteria was compared. Structural changes were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Infrared spectroscopy (IRS) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Elemental chemical composition was determined using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis and the solutions were analyzed by Atomic emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma (AES-ICP). Antibacterial properties of Ag- and Cu-vermiculites and combined Ag/Cu-vermiculites were tested on two bacteria groups: (1) Gram-positive, G+, (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and (2) Gram-negative, G-, (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae). The samples under antibacterial testing showed different effective times and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. The Gram-negative bacteria showed higher sensitivity to the prepared samples than Gram-positive bacteria. The combined Cu/Ag vermiculites stopped the bacterial growth at lower MIC value., Marianna Hundáková, Marta Valášková, Vladimír Tomášek, Erich Pazdziora and Kateřina Matějová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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