Two monogenean species are recorded from a blotched fantail ray, Taeniurops meyeni (Müller et Henle) (Dasyatidae), kept in a public aquarium at the Guangzhou Ocean World. Heterocotyle taeniuropi sp. n. was obtained from the gills. It is similar to Heterocotyle similis Neifar, Euzet et Ben Hassine, 1998 and H. scotti Neifar, Euzet et Ben Hassine, 1998, both of which have a similar male copulatory organ, but it can be distinguished from these two species by aspects of the morphology of the male copulatory organ, which is tubular, straight or slightly curved with a sclerotized accessory piece and an asymmetrical funnel-shaped opening at the proximal end, and recurved at the distal end. Dendromonocotyle pipinna Chisholm et Whittington, 2002, which is a new record for Chinese waters, was collected from the body surface of the same host. Its main features are almost the same as in the original description, except that it exhibits a variable number of marginal papillae.
Five new species of Potamotrygonocotyle (Monocotylidae) are described and Paraheteronchocotyle amazonense Mayes, Brooks et Thorson, 1981 (Hexabothriidae) is redescribed from monogenoideans collected on the gills of species of Potamotrygonidae from the Negro River, Amazon, Brazil. Potamotrygonocotyle quadracotyle sp. n. and P. umbella sp. n. were found parasitizing an undescribed species of Potamotrygon; Potamotrygonocotyle rarum sp. n. is described from Potamotrygon schroederi; Potamotrygonocotyle rionegrense inhabits Potamotrygon cf. motoro; Potamotrygonocotyle aramasae sp. n. is a parasite of Paratrygon aiereba; and Paraheteronchocotyle amazonense is reported from Potamotrygon orbignyi. The diagnosis of Paraheteronchocotyle is emended, and P. amazonense is redescribed.
Mastacembelocleidus gen. n. (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) is proposed to include two species collected and redescribed from spiny eels (Mastacembelidae) in India and Iraq: Mastacembelocleidus bam (Tripathi, 1959) comb. n. (syn. Ancyrocephalus bam Tripathi, 1959) from the gills of Macrognathus pancalus (new host record) and Macrognathus aculeatus (Synbranchiformes: Mastacembelidae) from Lucknow, India; and Mastacembelocleidus heteranchorus (Kulkarni, 1969) comb. n. (syn. Urocleidus heteranchorus Kulkarni, 1969) from the gills of Mastacembelus armatus from Lucknow, India, and Mastacembelus mastacembelus (new host record) from the environs of Erbil, Iraq (new locality record). Urocleidus rhyncobdelli Jain, 1959, Haliotrema tandani Agrawal et Singh, 1982 and Urocleidus raipurensis Dubey, Gupta et Agarwal, 1992 are considered junior subjective synonyms of M. bam.
Monocollocable words are such words and word forms that occur in a single lexical combination only or in very few, whose number is severely restricted and set. Practically, they are found as parts of set idioms and multi-word terms. They are found in many other languages, cf. English tenterhooks or Russian bakluši. Czech examples dát/dostat najevo, na viděnou, je mi líto, říct/mluvit/hrát nahlas, je známo, je zapotřebí, být třešničkou na dortu, není divu, jít/chodit pěšky, dát/dostat zadarmo illustrate this in more detail, showing, at the same time, that there might be a limited variation found, too, but, above all, that these are, in fact, no full-fledged words, lacking most of their basic characteristics, such as meaning, word-class membership, etc. In the sense of their severely limited combinatorial capacity, these words, less known under such alternative labels as cranberry words, form a substantial and irregular periphery of language and its lexicon. The contribution briefly comments on some of their aspects and suggests that broadly some classes or types can be recognized.
Monolayer films of phycobilisome-thylakoid membrane complexes isolated from Spirulina platensis were prepared at air/aqueous solution interface by using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The film preparation was optimized with 0.5 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) as sub-phase at 20 °C. The monolayer was transferred into grids and into mica surface for observing the surface image of the complexes by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscope, respectively. The shape of complexes was disk-like with the diameter of about 50 nm and the thickness of about 35 nm. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of the complexes in the monolayer were consistent with those in buffer solution, which suggests that the complexes in the monolayer preserve the basic functional groups of photosynthetic apparatus and can be used as a model to investigate the structural connection and functional association of the light-harvesting antenna with the reaction centres. and D.-H. Li ... [et al.].
$\mathbf{SpFi}$ is the category of spaces with filters: an object is a pair $(X,\mathcal{F}) $, $X$ a compact Hausdorff space and $\mathcal{F}$ a filter of dense open subsets of $X$. A morphism $f\: (Y,\mathcal{G}) \rightarrow (X,\mathcal{F}) $ is a continuous function $f\: Y\rightarrow X$ for which $f^{-1}(F) \in \mathcal{G}$ whenever $F\in \mathcal{F}$. This category arises naturally from considerations in ordered algebra, e.g., Boolean algebra, lattice-ordered groups and rings, and from considerations in general topology, e.g., the theory of the absolute and other covers, locales, and frames, though we shall specifically address only one of these connections here in an appendix. Now we study the categorical monomorphisms in $\mathbf{SpFi}$. Of course, these monomorphisms need not be one-to-one. For general $\mathbf{SpFi}$ we derive a criterion for monicity which is rather inconclusive, but still permits some applications. For the category $\mathbf{LSpFi}$ of spaces with Lindelöf filters, meaning filters with a base of Lindelöf, or cozero, sets, the criterion becomes a real characterization with several foci ($C(X) $, Baire sets, etc.), and yielding a full description of the monofine coreflection and a classification of all the subobjects of a given $(X,\mathcal{F}) \in \mathbf{LSpFi}$. Considerable attempt is made to keep the discussion “topological,” i.e., within $\mathbf{SpFi}$, and to not get involved with, e.g., frames. On the other hand, we do not try to avoid Stone duality. An appendix discusses epimorphisms in archimedean $\ell $-groups with unit, roughly dual to monics in $\mathbf{LSpFi}$.
In two subsequent parts, Part I and II, monotonicity and comparison results will be studied, as generalization of the pure stochastic case, for arbitrary dynamic systems governed by nonnegative matrices. Part I covers the discrete-time and Part II the continuous-time case. The research has initially been motivated by a reliability application contained in Part II. In the present Part I it is shown that monotonicity and comparison results, as known for Markov chains, do carry over rather smoothly to the general nonnegative case for marginal, total and average reward structures. These results, though straightforward, are not only of theoretical interest by themselves, but also essential for the more practical continuous-time case in Part II (see \cite{DijkSl2}). An instructive discrete-time random walk example is included.
Monostephanostomum nolani sp. n. is described from Carangoides plagiotaenia Bleeker, off Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia. It differs from all other species in the genus except M. manteri Kruse, 1979 in that the vitellarium reaches into the forebody. It differs from M. manteri in the ventral hiatus in the circum-oral spine row, the extent of the vitellarium in the forebody, where it is not confluent, its elongate pharynx and its smaller eggs. Monostephanostomum krusei Reimer, 1983 is redescribed from Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch et Schneider) from Ningaloo Reef off Western Australia. It is considered similar to M. nolani, differing in the vitellarium being restricted to the hindbody, but sharing with M. nolani an unusual arrangement of small body-spines on the antero-ventral surface. It is also morphologically very similar to Monostephanostomum roytmani (Parukhin, 1974), which apparently lacks the diminutive antero-ventral body-spines. A key to eight recognized species in the genus is presented.