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6632. Does impedance measure a functional state of the body fat?
- Creator:
- Renata Větrovská, Zdeněk Vilikus, Klaschka, J., Zuzana Stránská, Štěpán Svačina, Šárka Svobodová, and Martin Matoulek
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, tělesné složení, obezita, body composition, obesity, DEXA, fat mass, anthropometric methods, fat tissue functional properties, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim was to compare methods of body fat measurement in different BMI groups. An additional aim was to discuss differences reflecting the structural and functional changes of fat tissue. The study group included 130 adult Caucasian women stratified by body mass index (BMI): 18-24.99 (n=30), 25-29.99 (n=26), 30-34.99 (n=33), 35-39.99 (n=30), and BMI ≥ 40 (n=11). Bioelectrical impedance was performed using Tanita TBF 410 GS, Bodystat 1500, and Omron BF 300. A caliper type Best was also applied. Correspondence of four methods with DEXA was assessed using the Bland-Altman and ANOVA analyses. Measurements by BIA were not si gnificantly different from DEXA up to BMI of 30, but DEXA significantly overestimated in the higher BMI subgroup by all three methods. Caliper measurement significantly underestimated DEXA in all BMI subgroups. BIA methods overestimated DEXA for the obese subjects. Tanita did statistically the best. The Caliper test appeared less preferable than the BIA methods, especially in the higher BMI subgroup. DEXA and Caliper measurements seem to be the best estimate of structural (anatomical) fat quantity. We hypothesize that BIA methods could also measure some other physiopathological conditions like inflammation, hydration or cell infiltration of fat., R: Větrovská, Z. Vilikus, J. Klaschka, Z. Stránská, Š. Svačina, Š. Svobodová, M. Matoulek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
6633. Does inhibition of aldose reductase contribute to the anti-inflammatory action of setipiprant ?
- Creator:
- Ballekova, J., Soltesova-Prnova, M., Magdaléna Májeková, and Stefek, M.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, astma, záněty, asthma, inflammations, setipiprant, aldose reductase inhibition, androgenic alopecia, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim of this study was to investigate aldose reductase inhibitory action of setipiprant as a potential additional mechanism contributing to its anti-inflammatory action. Aldose reductase activity was determined by spectrophotometric measuring of NADPH consumption. Setipiprant was found to inhibit aldose reductase/NADPH-mediated reduction of 4-hydroxynonenal, 4-hydroxynonenal glutathione and prostaglandin H2 substrates, all relevant to the process of inflammation. Molecular modeling simulations into the aldose reductase inhibitor binding site revealed an interaction pattern of setipiprant. Considering multifactorial etiology of inflammatory pathologies, it is suggested that, in addition to the antagonizing prostaglandin D2 receptor, inhibition of aldose reductase may contribute to the reported anti-inflammatory action of setipiprant., J. Ballekova, M. Soltesova-Prnova, M. Majekova, M. Stefek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
6634. Does loan maturity matter in risk-based pricing?: evidence from consumer loan data
- Creator:
- Kuvíková, Gabriela
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic, bez média, svazek, and 42 stran : ilustrace.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Finance, spotřebitelské úvěry, modelování a simulace, consumer credit, modeling and simulation, 336.77.067, 519.86/.87, (048.8), 4, and 336.7
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Gabriela Kuvíková., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, and České a anglické resumé
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
6635. Does Magnesium Dysbalance Participate in the Development of Insulin Resistance in Early Stages of Renal Disease?
- Creator:
- Katarína Šebeková, Štefíková, K., Daniela Polakovičová, Viera Spustová, and Rastislav Dzúrik
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, 31P NMR spectroscopy, Erythrocyte, Magnesium, Insulin resistance, Obesity, Kidney Disease, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We investigated the potential role of magnesium (Mg) dysbalance in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with mildly-to-moderately decreased renal function (creatinine: 142.8±11.0 mmol/l). The data were compared to those of 8 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (CTRL). The standard oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed in 61 patients. Twenty-two patients were classified as IR according to their values on fasting and after-load immunoreactive insulin concentrations. Serum and total erythrocyte Mg (tErMg) (atomic absorption spectro-photometry) and free erythrocyte Mg (fErMg) concentrations (31P NMR spectroscopy) were determined prior to and two hours after the glucose load. Ten out of 39 insulin-sensitive (IS) patients, but only one out of 22 insulin-resistant (IR) patients, had a low basal fErMg concentration (<162.2 mmol/l, c2, p<0.01). IR patients had higher serum Mg, total erythrocyte Mg and bound erythrocyte Mg (bErMg) concentrations (both before and after glucose load) when compared with the IS group. Both groups responded to the glucose load with a significant decrease in serum Mg concentration (within the normal range), while the IR group also exhibited a decline in tErMg and bErMg. The mean sum of insulin needed to metabolize the same glucose load correlated positively with tErMg (r=0.545, p<0.01) and bErMg (r=0.560, p<0.01) in the IR patients. It is concluded that, at an early stage of renal dysfunction, IR is not associated with the decline in free erythrocyte Mg concentration, but the magnesium handling in red blood cells is altered., K. Šebeková, K. Štefíková, D. Polakovičová, V. Spustová, R. Dzúrik., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
6636. Does minimum wage affect workplace safety?
- Creator:
- Hradil, Vít
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic, bez média, svazek, and 35 stran : tabulky, grafy.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Práce, minimální mzdy, bezpečnost práce, modelování a simulace, minimum wages, occupational safety, modeling and simulation, 331.215.53, 331.45, 519.86/.87, (048.8), 4, and 331
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Vít Hradil., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, and České a anglické resumé
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
6637. Does neonatal brain ischemia induce schizophrenia-like behaviour in young adult rats?
- Creator:
- Hana Tejkalová, Kaiser, M., Jan Klaschka, and František Šťastný
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, biochemie, neurochirurgie, schizofrenie, potkan, biochemistry, neurosurgery, schizophrenia, Rattus norvegicus, neonatal ischemia, prepulse inhibition, 2, and 577
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Perinatal cerebral hypoxia represents a major cause of obstetric complications and the resulting transient oxygen deficiency might belong to early risk factors for schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible long-term behavioral changes induced by one hour of continuous bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in 12-day-old male rats. Post-ischemic behavioral disturbances were evaluated in social (play) behavior on postnatal day 22 (PND 22), open field test (PND 35 and 50) and prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex (PND 50). Transient ischemia in neonatal rats was not significantly altered in social dyadic interactions evaluated in pre-weaning pups, but resulted in enhanced locomotor activity in pubertal rats (PND 35) and impaired prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex in post- pubertal males (PND 50). These behavioral alterations suggest that perinatal hypoxic/ischemic insults may represent a risk factor for later manifestation of specific features relevant to schizophrenia in predisposed individuals., F. Tejkalová, M. Kaiser, J. Klaschka, F. Šťastný., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
6638. Does the conceivability of zombies entail their possibility?
- Creator:
- Polcyn, Karol
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- conceivability, consciousness, phenomenal concepts, possibility, and two-dimensional semantics
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- According to the two-dimensional argument against materialism, developed by David Chalmers, the conceivability of zombies entails primary possibility, and the primary possibility of zombies entails further secondary possibility. I argue that the move from the conceivability to primary possibility of zombies is unjustified. Zombies are primarily impossible despite being conceivable if the corresponding phenomenal and microphysical concepts have coinciding primary intensions (refer to the same properties in all possible worlds considered as actual) despite being distinct concepts. But there is no good reason to think that phenomenal and microphysical concepts cannot have coinciding primary intensions despite being distinct concepts. As I argue, this conclusion follows from reflection on special cognitive features of phenomenal concepts.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
6639. Does the local dynamo act in sunspot groups?
- Creator:
- Bumba, V.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- astronomy, sunspot groups, and local magnetic field topology
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- We summarize our previous results concerning the local magnetic field formation, showing that its sunspot groups developing to reach higher typec C, D, E etc. continue their magnetic evolution during the period of new magnetic flux addition immediately after the first magnetically bipolar balanced stage. It is probably a magnetohydrodynamical process of magnetic field strenthening oř a new magnetic flux generation. It is dosely related to a specific singularity in the local magnetic field topology at the inner field boundary not far from the centre of the group, where the gulf of one polarity is compressed inbetween the boundary curvature of the field of opposite polarity and where large radial velocities can be observed. This is the region, where new peaks of both the leading and the following polarities in a speciál orthogonal relation of the new to the old tubes of lines of force develop, where the greatest field gradiente are formed. The flare frequencies and their importances correlate well with the degree of complexity of magnetic field topology in this situation. The important role of the photosphere in all these processes is underlined.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
6640. Does the prevalence of latent toxoplasmosis and frequency of Rhesus-negative subjects correlate with the nationwide rate of traffic accidents?
- Creator:
- Flegr, Jaroslav and Dama, Madhukar
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- parasite, Toxoplasma, manipulation hypothesis, correlation study, ecological regression, and Disability Adjusted Life Years
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Latent toxoplasmosis is probably the most common protistan parasitic disease with many indirect negative impacts on human health. One of the important impacts is impaired psychomotor function leading to reduced driving efficiency in Toxoplasma-seropositive subjects. Numerous case-control studies have established a positive relation between the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908) and probability of traffic accidents in study populations. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis varies between populations according to local geographical conditions, hygienic practices and kitchen habits. Similarly, we see a striking variation in the incidence of traffic accidents across countries. Hence, we compiled the largest ever data set on the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and tried to understand its role in traffic accident-related deaths and disabilities across 87 countries. Simple nonparametric analysis showed a positive and strong relation of T. gondii seroprevalence and traffic accident related disabilities. Further, we conducted multivariate analysis to control for confounding factors. After controlling for wealth, geographical latitude, health of population, length of roads and number of vehicles, the correlation disappeared. When the frequency of RhD negativity and its interaction with toxoplasmosis were included into the model, the effects of toxoplasmosis seemingly returned. However, the analysed data suffered from the problem of multicollinearity. When a proper method of analysis, ridge regression, was applied, the effects of toxoplasmosis prevalence and RhD negativity frequency disappeared again. The existence of a strong correlation between the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and health of population in particular countries, which was the probable cause of multicollinearity and possible reason for the negative result of the present study, suggests that ''asymptomatic'' latent toxoplasmosis could have a large impact on public health.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public