This paper considers various approaches to love and morality in Protestant society in the late 18th century, as illustrated in Czechlanguage religious and educational literature (Korunka, aneb Wjnek Pannenský wssechněm pobožným a sslechetným Pannám toho Gazyku užjwagjcým, Litomyšl 1784; Kazatel Domovnj, Brno 1783). Our focus is on divine love, man’s love of God, marital love, parental and filial love, and definitions of immorality. We also examine some contemporary reactions to religious and educational writings in the memoirs of one of their readers, the rural preacher and Bible scholar Tomáš Juren (1750-1829), as well as the differences between the Christian confessions in their attitude to the emotions., Sixtus Bolom-Kotari., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Cieľ: Cieľom práce bolo zistiť, aký vplyv má bolesť na vybrané dimenzie ţivota pacientov v domácom prostredí, medzi ktoré patrí nálada, vzťah k iným ľuďom, radosť zo ţivota, spánok. Metodika: Súbor tvorilo 144 respondentov (91 ţien a 53 muţov) v podmienkach domáceho prostredia vo veku od 29 do 97 rokov v siedmich samosprávnych krajoch Slovenska. Zber údajov prebiehal v období november 2008 aţ január 2009. V rámci realizácie zberu údajov bol pouţitý štandardizovaný dotazník BPI (Brief Pain Inventory). Výsledky boli vyhodnotené jednorozmernou deskriptívnou štatistikou. Výsledky: Prítomnosť bolesti v skúmanej vzorke negatívne ovplyvňuje náladu, spánok a radosť zo ţivota viac u muţov ako u ţien. U ţien viac ovplyvňuje bolesť vzťah k iným ľuďom ako u muţov. Štatistickým spracovaním nebola zistená signifikantná súvislosť medzi premennými: nálada – pohlavie (p = 0,387), vzťah k iným ľuďom – pohlavie (p = 0,876), spánok – pohlavie (p = 0,065), radosť zo ţivota – pohlavie (p = 0,238). Záver: Bolesť výrazne ovplyvňuje vybrané dimenzie ţivota pacientov v domácom prostredí, čo vedie k širokej škále negatívnych emocionálnych reakcií a prejavov, ktoré môţu zintenzívňovať bolesť. Pravidelné hodnotenie vplyvu bolesti na jednotlivé dimenzie ţivota pacientov prispieva veľkou mierou taktieţ ku kvalitnej komunikácií medzi sestrou pracujúcou v domácom prostredí a pacientom zaloţenou na vzájomnej dôvere., Aim: The aim of our work was to determine the impact on pain in selected domains of life of patients in home care in terms of their mood, relationship to other people, joy of life and sleep. Methods: 144 respondents (91 women and 53 men aged from 29 to 97) in home care were randomly selected to make up the sample in 7 Slovak municipalities. The data collection was gathered from November 2008 to January 2009 using brief Pain Inventory. The results were evaluated by one-dimensional descriptive statistics. Results: The presence of pain among the respondents negatively influences the spirits, sleep and joy of life; more among men than women. Pain affects relationship to other people more among women than men. Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between variables: spirits - sex (p = 0.387), relationship to other people – sex (p = 0.876), sleep – sex (p = 0.065), the joy of life - sex (p = 0.238). Conclusion: Pain has a significant impact in selected domains of patient`s life in home care leading to a wide range of negative emotions and behavior that could intensify the pain. Regular assessment of the pain impact in selected dimensions of patient`s live influences the quality of communication between nurse working in home care and a patient that is based on mutual trust., Mária Kožuchová, and Literatura 24
a1_Předložená studie srovnává emocionalitu u souboru českých a slovenských vysokoškolských studentů: zaměřuje se na četnost prožívání vybraných emocí a na preferovaný způsob exprese těchto emocí. Primárním cílem šetření bylo ověřit stereotyp, zda jsou Slováci „emočnější“ než Češi a zjistit, zda stereotyp nevystihuje především odlišnou emoční expresivitu. Autoři předpokládali, že se soubory českých a slovenských vysokoškoláků nebudou lišit z hlediska četnosti prožívaných emocí, ale že se budou významně lišit z hlediska regulačních strategií, a to ve směru k otevřenějšímu projevu u slovenského souboru a k umírněnému projevu emocí u českého souboru. Čeští (N = 107) a slovenští (N = 144) vysokoškolští studenti zaznamenali do inventáře (seznam emocí získaný v předešlých šetřeních) emoční valenci, četnost emočního prožitku a preferovanou expresivní regulaci emoce. Získaná frekvenční data byla zpracována v podobě průměrných četností odpovědí pro jednotlivé položky. Pro porovnávání českého a slovenského souboru z hlediska četností prožívaných emocí autoři použili t-test pro dva nezávislé výběry a pro porovnání regulačních strategií chí-kvadrát test pro srovnání pozorovaných a očekávaných hodnot. Při korelaci jednotlivých emocí autoři použili neparametrický korelační koeficient Spearmanovo rho a emoce byly korelovány z hlediska četnosti jejich prožitku. Výsledky ukázaly, že emoční valence a konotace jsou u obou souborů podobné. Konotace se významněji liší u emoce hrdosti, která v českém souboru koreluje silněji s negativními emocemi než s pozitivními. Studenti ve slovenském souboru prožívají emoce mírně častěji než čeští respondenti., a2_Soubory se významně liší především z hlediska regulace emocí: slovenští respondenti projevují emoce signifikantně otevřeněji (projevím přesně to, co cítím) oproti českému souboru, který častěji uvádí mírně potlačený projev emocí (projevím méně, než cítím). Omezeními studie jsou skutečnosti, že soubory nebyly reprezentativní a že se na tvorbě původního seznamu srovnávaných emocí nepodíleli slovenští studenti., b1_Objectives. The primary objective of the study was to verify the stereotype that Slovaks are “more emotional” than Czechs. In the present paper authors compared the emotionality of Czech and Slovak undergraduates: study focused on the frequency of experienced emotions and on the preferred strategy of emotional expression. Authors assumed that the samples of Czech and Slovak undergraduates would not differ in terms of frequency of emotions but that they would differ in terms of their regulatory strategies. Sample and settings. The Czech (N = 107) and Slovak (N = 144) undergraduates recorded emotional valence, frequency of their emotional experience and their preferred expression of the emotion into a specific questionnaire (an inventory of 80 emotions obtained in previous investigations). Statistical analysis. The collected data was processed based on the average frequency of responses for each emotion. For the comparison of Czech and Slovak frequency of experienced emotion, authors used the t-test for two independent samples and to compare the expressive strategies the chi-square test for comparing the observed and expected values. For the correlation of emotions, authors used the nonparametric Spearman rho correlation coefficient., b2_Results. The results have shown that the emotional connotations are predominantly similar in both samples; however analyses found different connotations for the emotion of pride, which correlated more strongly with negative emotions rather than positive in the Czech sample. Students in the Slovak sample experienced emotions slightly more often than Czech respondents. The samples differ significantly in terms of emotion regulation: the Slovak undergraduates express emotions more openly as compared to Czech students who often deamplify their emotional expressions. Study limitations. The limitations of this study are the facts that the samples were not representative and that the Slovak undergraduates were not involved in the construction of the used inventory of emotions., and Iva Poláčková Šolcová, Peter Tavel, Peter Kolarčik.
The article delimits emotionality and presents a brief survey of research of emotional interjections. The methodology of the research (the issues of classification of the semantic field of emotionality, semantics of interjections, selection of the analysed texts) is outlined. The core of the paper consists in the characteristics of the five basic types of emotions, described on the basis of the material of interjections: (1) psychical states, e.g. pleasure-displeasure, joy, sadness, relief, surprise etc., (2) egoistic emotions (e.g. fear), (3) altruistic emotions (e.g. liking-antipathy, mistrust, admiration, wrath etc.), (4) esthetical emotions (beauty, disgust), (5) ethical emotions (e.g. pity). The sixth part of the article investigates the displays and consequences of emotions (for example, laughing and crying are expressed by onomatopoeic interjections. The general conclusions of the paper are represented by the findings that emotional interjections often have no inherent meaning, but these interjections are usually polysemic (as one interjection expresses more emotions, e.g. ach, bože), and that some emotions are expressed by a number of synonymous interjections (e.g. ''joy'' jupí, juchú, ach, joj, jé, páni, bože etc.).
Cieľ: Cieľom výskumu bolo u detí s bronchiálnou astmou zistiť vplyv ochorenia a stupňa kontroly astmy na kvalitu života dieťaťa a kvalitu života jeho rodičov. Metodika: Na zber empirických údajov sme použili štandardizované dotazníky na kvalitu života – Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) a Paediatric Asthma Caregiver´s Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ) a na hodnotenie kontroly astmy – Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ). Výsledky boli analyzované pomocou metód deskriptívnej a induktívnej štatistiky. Výsledky: Vo vzorke detí (n = 72) sme zistili, že 27 (37,5 %) detí malo astmu pod kontrolou a 28 detí (38,9 %) bolo v pásme nekontrolovanej astmy. Celkové skóre ACQ (1,24 ±1,07) potvrdilo stredný stupeň kontroly astmy. Celkové skóre dotazníka PAQLQ u detí bolo 5,34 ±1,16, čo indikuje, že deti s astmou vyjadrujú dobrú kvalitu života. U detí ochorenie viac vplývalo na aktivity ako na emocionálne prežívanie a výskyt symptómov. Celkové skóre dotazníka PACQLQ u rodičov bolo 4,53 ±1,07, u rodičov nebol zaznamenaný rozdiel v doménach emocionálne prežívanie a aktivity. Výskum potvrdil, že stupeň kontroly astmy štatisticky významne ovplyvňuje kvalitu života dieťaťa aj jeho rodičov, pričom čím je vyššia kvalita života dieťaťa, tým je vyššia kvalita života rodičov. Záver: Cieľom komplexného manažmentu liečby je dosiahnuť čo najoptimálnejší stupeň kontroly astmy, a tým vytvoriť predpoklady k vyššej kvalite života dieťaťa a jeho rodičov. Využívaním posudzovacích nástrojov na hodnotenie kvality života je možné identifikovať závažný dopad choroby na každodenný život detí aj rodičov., Aim: The aim of the research was to find out the impact of the disease and the degree of asthma control on quality of life in children with bronchial asthma and quality of life in their parents. Methods: To collect empirical data we have used standardized questionnaires concerning quality of life – Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) and Paediatric Asthma Caregiver’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ) and for the assessment of asthma control we have used questionnaire Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ). The results were analysed using the methods of descriptive and inductive statistics. Results: In the sample of children studied (n = 72) we have found that 27 children (37.5%) have their disease under control and 28 children (38.9%) were in the range of uncontrolled asthma. Total ACQ score (1.24±1.07) confirmed medium degree of asthma control (partially controlled asthma). Total score of PAQLQ questionnaire in children (5.34±1.16) indicates that children with asthma represent good quality of life. Bronchial asthma in children had more significant influence on activities than on emotions and incidence of symptoms. Total score of PACQLQ questionnaire in parents was 4.53 ±1.07 and we have not registered differences between domains of emotions and activities. The research has proved that degree of asthma control has statistically significant influence on the quality of life of the child and his parents, whilst the higher the quality of life of the child, the higher the quality of life of parents. Conclusion: The aim of comprehensive management of asthma therapy is to achieve the most optimal level of asthma control and thus to establish conditions for higher quality of live of the child and his parents. Making use of assessment tools to evaluate the quality of life it is possible to identify a significant impact of the disease on the everyday lives of children as well as parents., Anna Ovšonková, Iveta Plavnická, Miloš Jeseňák, and Literatura 17
a1_The pastoral opera L’Amor non ha legge (premiered in Jaroměřice, 1728) was composed by the vicekapellmeister Antonio Caldara, based on libretto by Domenico Bonlini. It is the first attested dramatic musical composition written at the direct order of Count Johann Adam Questenberg (1678-1752), a connoisseur of music, skilled lute player, an occasional composer, and - above all - a passionate promoter of the Italian opera seria. The present article concerns with the generic examination of the plot of opera seria, with regard to its superior genre, favola pastorale. In L’Amor non ha legge, living in harmony with the Nature gains general appraisal, the Idyllic merry-making in the countryside being sharply contrasted with life in the city and at the (imperial) court. As a result, the main character, young aristocrat, having become enamoured with a shepherdess, leaves for the country where he is allowed to repose and forget the hustle and bustle of the city, as well as its corruptness. These characteristics seem to be fitting the personality of Count Questenberg himself, who sought a refuge from the city to his castle of Jaroměřice, set in the rural region of Southern Moravia. As Bonlini states in his introductory argomento, the aim of the opera is, primarily, to celebrate simple, undemanding Love. Not coincidentally, both meanings of the word ’Amor’ are made use of in the libretto; the abstract ’Love’, as well as the personified name of the God of Love - Amor. Love verses and lovely affections are abundant in the language and the plot of the opera; what Bonlini is most concerned with, especially in the arias, is to depict as many aspects of Love, hence the affects, as possible: constant love, love suffering, requited love, noble love, miserable love, vain love, martyred love, jealous love, despising love, even paternal love., a2_The message of the opera L’Amor non ha legge, therefore, is the imperative of symbiosis between Man and the Laws of Nature; the Law of Love, superior even to the obstacles of social inequality, should - according to Bonlini - always be in accordance with the Reason. Favorizing the pastoral environment over the court and city, in particular, can be read as a laud of the castle of Jaroměřice, which the Count was justly proud of, and which he identified with considerably., Jana Perutková., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Článek se věnuje výzkumu emocí prostřednictvím Mezinárodního systému fotografií pro výzkum emočních stavů. Jedná se o soubor fotografií, které se podle předpokladu autorů liší ve dvou základních dimenzích emocí – valenci a arousalu. Článek diskutuje výzkumy prováděné pomocí tohoto systému, teoretické souvislosti tohoto přístupu, jeho teoretické i metodologické nedostatky a možná východiska. Jako hlavní východisko formuluje potřebu zabývat se sémantickým obsahem snímků, tedy potřebu psychosémantického přístupu.
Between the Baroque and Romanticism attitudes to death and the discursive framework of the emotional experience of dying fundamentally changed among the Catholic high nobility. The ideal baroque death was supposed to take the form of an extreme point at which the dying person confessed their sins through theatrical gestures and utterances. The deathbed ritual explicitly confirmed the denominational and spiritual orientation of the family. In succeeding generations, both aristocrats and commoners were expected to be confirmed in that orientation by a written and iconographic testimony rich in symbols. Romanticism, on the other hand, imbued the process of dying with sentiment, loving care and family cohesion, which among the high nobility brought solace and a peaceful death. Finally, between the Baroque and Romanticism the relative status of private and public experience of the last moments changed. The Baroque "theatrical" deathbed, which was presented with the central figure of the dying individual and the priest, was a public event. Gradually it changed into a more intimate, quiet contemplation with only a few witnesses gathered in the family circle. Moreover, the doctor came to replace the priest as the chief attendant at the dying person’s bedside. What remained unchanged was the anxious determination to conform to expected patterns of behaviour. By trying to fulfil the contemporary ideal of a "good death", the counts of Martinice and the princes of Schwarzenberg tried to affirm their unique position in Bohemian (and European) aristocratic society. Their emotional experience of death was intended to serve as an example to their descendants and form one of the constitutive elements of the family’s collective memory., Václav Grubhoffer, Josef Kadeřábek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy