Previous in vitro studies have shown that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) isolated from the aortae of male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) proliferate more rapidly than those obtained from female SHR. Sex-dependent differences of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]j) were therefore studied in VSMC under basal conditions and after the stimulation by different concentrations of angiotensin II (Ang II). No significant difference in basal [Ca2+]i was found in VSMC from male and female SHR. Angiotensin II significantly increased |Ca2+], in VSMC from both genders. This [Ca2+]j rise elicited by 10'7 and 10~9 M Ang II was more pronounced in cells isolated from males than in those from females. This difference may be attributed to greater mobilisation of intracellular calcium stores in male VSMC. It can be concluded that the cytosolic free calcium response to angiotensin II is augmented in VSMC of male SHR, which also grow more rapidly in response to this peptide hormone.
This text focuses on the community of portestant Bulgarian Czechs, who lived in the years 1900-1950 in two villages Vojvodovo (north-western Bulgaria) and Belinci (eastern Bulgaria). Within the frame of this community the inheritance practices and strategies of the passing of family possession between generations are analysed in relation to family relations and gender. Attention is dedicated expecially to the preponderant ideology of dividable property, the practice of transfer of the property inter vivos, the favouring of male heirs and the youngest son as inheritor of the homestead of parents. These characteristics are further analysed with respect to the family strategies, family relations and gender (im) balance within the frame of this community. The practice of heritage is analysed also with respect to the predominant subsistence strategy (agriculture) and the efforts of the parents to enable the children to keep on in this subsistence that ultimately led to the parcelling out of the land and to repeated migrations for land., Lenka J. Budilová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In this article the authors review the trends and differentials in mortality from self-inflicted injury and poisoning in the Czech Republic between the early 1970s and the present in terms of their socio-economic and demographic associations. They describe the sources of data on suicide and explore the possible extent of under-reporting of deaths from suicide, and they examine the differences in suicide incidence by age and sex. With the decline in mortality from suicide, the male/female ratio of suicide rates increased from about 2,6 in the early 1970s to around 4.0 in recent years. Suicide rates increase steadily with age, and this pattern did not noticeably change during the period reviewed, The age-specific suicide rates of older men and women declined more than the rates for younger people. As in other societies, married men and women have the lowest suicide rates; in contrast, divorce puts both men and women at the greatest risk of suicide. The authors attempt to investigate the social correlates of suicide by analysing the variation in suicide rates among districts in the Czech Republic and selected socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the district populations. Stepwise regression analysis is used to identify three independent variables that explain 50% of the variation in suicide rates among districts: the abortion ratio, the percentage of locally born population, and the percentage of adults with limited education.
Most people worldwide suffer from dental caries. Only a small part of the population is caries-resistant and the reason for this resistance in unknown. Only a few studies compared the saliva pro-tein composition of persons with carious teeth and persons ith no caries. Our study is the first to relate proteomic analysis of the caries aetiology with gender. In this study, we compared the differences in the abundances of proteins in the saliva between caries-resistant and caries-susceptible females and males by nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spec-trometry (Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics). Our results demonstrate that the observed differences in the protein levels might have an influence on anti-caries resistance. A total of 19 potential markers of tooth caries were found, for example proteins S100A8 and annexin A1 with higher expression in the caries-susceptible group in comparison with the caries-free group and mucin-5B, lactoferrin, lysozyme C with higher expression in the caries-free group in
comparison with the caries-susceptible group. The presented study is the first complex proteomic and gender project where the saliva protein content of caries-free and caries-susceptible persons were compared by label-free MS. The newly detected potential protein markers of dental caries can be a good basis for further research and for possible future therapeutic use. and Corresponding author: Lucie Kulhavá
This text presents an analysis of the recent emphasis in HIV/AIDS prevention campaigns: the discursive constructions of HIV/AIDS as an issue of risk and its management. Specifically, the text discusses the prevention materials produced by state-funded institutions in the Czech Republic. The aim of the text is twofold: First, it analyses the specific discourse (and rationality) of risk that permeates HIV/AIDS prevention in relation to and as a part of modern biopolitics and (self-)governance. Second, the text examines the discourse of risk for its gendered implications and its re-inscription of gendered power inequalities., Kateřina Kolářová., Obsahuje bibliografii, and Anglické resumé