The effects of selenium (Se) on antioxidant defense system in liver and kidneys of rats with cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity were examined. Cd exposure (15 mg Cd/kg b.m./day as CdCl2 for 4 weeks) resulted in increased lipid peroxidation (LP) in both organs (p<0.005 and p<0.01). Vitamin C (Vit C) was decreased in the liver (p<0.005), whereas vitamin E (Vit E) was increased in the liver and kidneys (p<0.005 and p<0.05) of Cd-exposed animals. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were decreased in both tissues (p<0.05 and p<0.005), whereas catalase (CAT) activity was decreased only in liver (p<0.005). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) increased in both tissues (p<0.005 and p<0.01). Treatment with Se (0.5 mg Se/kg b.m./day as Na2SeO3 for 4 weeks) significantly increased liver and kidneys SOD and GSH-Px activities (p<0.05 to p<0.005), as well as CAT and GST activities only in the liver (p<0.01). In animals exposed to Se, both the concentrations of Vit C (p<0.01) and Vit E (p<0.005) were increased in both tissues. Co-treatment with Se resulted in reversal of oxidative stress with significant decline in analyzed tissues Cd burden. Our results show that Se may ameliorate Cd-induced oxidative stress by decreasing LP and altering antioxidant defense system in rat liver and kidneys and that Se demonstrates the protective effect from cadmium-induced oxidative damage., B. I. Ognjanović, S. D. Marković, S. Z. Pavlović, R. V. Žikić, A. Š. Štajn, Z. S. Saičić., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Nanobiophotonics is one of the most recent interdisciplinary scientific disciplines that originated at the frontiers of nanotechnology, photonics and biomedical sciences. The aim of nanobiophotonics is to transfer the medical diagnostics and therapy to the level of individual proteins and biologically active molecules, acting as cornerstones of the living cell. One of the key roles in its advancement can be attributed to the development of ultrafast pused lasers. These allowed to cross-combine spectroscopic, imaging and time-resolved methods and provide complex, multi-modal information about biological structures and phenomena on the nanometer scale. In our contribution we give an overview of the most important moments mapping the path from the discovery of the first laser to the current state of nanobiophotonic technologies in the world, and perspectives of this new scientific field in Slovakia., Nanobiofotonika je jedným z najmladších interdisciplinárnych vedeckých smerov, ktorý vznikol na pomedzí nanotechnológií, fotoniky a biomedicínskych vied s cieľom preniesť medicínsku diagnostiku a terapiu na úroveň proteínov a biologicky aktívnych molekúl - základných jednotiek živej bunky. Kľúčovú úlohu v jeho rozvoji má predovšetkým vývoj pulzných laserov s ultrakrátkymi impulzmi, ktoré umožnili prepojiť spektroskopické, zobrazovacie a časovo rozlíšené metódy a poskytujú dnes komplexnú multimodálnu informáciu o biologických štruktúrach a javoch na nanometrovej škále. V našom príspevku uvádzame prehľad vybraných významných momentov mapujúcich cestu od objavenia prvého lasera cez súčasny stav nanobiofotonických technológií k perspektívam tejto novej vednej oblasti na Slovensku., Dušan Chorvát ml., Alžbeta Chorvátová., and Obsahuje bibliografii