In this paper, we discuss some generalized stability of solutions to a class of nonlinear impulsive evolution equations in the certain piecewise essentially bounded functions space. Firstly, stabilization of solutions to nonlinear impulsive evolution equations are studied by means of fixed point methods at an appropriate decay rate. Secondly, stable manifolds for the associated singular perturbation problems with impulses are compared with each other. Finally, an example on initial boundary value problem for impulsive parabolic equations is illustrated to our theory results.
In this paper, we propose a new global and fast Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP-NN) which can be used to forecast the automotive price. Nowadays, the gradient-based techniques, such as back propagation, are widely used for training neural networks. These techniques have local convergence results and, therefore, can perform poorly even on simple problems when forecasting is out of sample. On the other hand, the global search algorithms, like Tabu Search (TS), suffer from low rate convergence. Motivated by these facts, a new global and fast hybrid algorithm for training MLP-NN is provided. In our new framework, a hybridization of an extended version of TS with some local techniques is constructed in order to train the connected weights of the network. The extended version of TS in the proposed scheme consists of a simple TS together with the intensification and diversification search methods, and the local search methods are based on a direct strategy of Nelder-Mead (NM) or Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) techniques. This hybridization leads us to have a global and fast trained network in order to use in some forecasting problems. To show the efficiency and effectiveness of our new proposed network, we apply our new scheme for forecasting the automotive price in Iran Khodro Company which is the biggest car manufacturer in Iran. The results are promising compared to the cases when we apply the TS and some other forecasting techniques individually. We also compare the results with the case when we employ the gradient-based optimization techniques such as LM, and global search methods such as Genetic Algorithm (GA) and hybrid of MLP-NN with GA.
We conducted an experimental study to evaluate the presence of coordinated left ventricular mechanical myocardial activity (LVMA) in two types of experimentally induced cardiac arrest: ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless electrical activity (PEA). Twenty anesthetized domestic pigs were randomized 1:1 either to induction of VF or PEA. They were left in nonresuscitated cardiac arrest until the cessation of LVMA and microcirculation. Surface ECG, presence of LVMA by transthoracic echocardiography and sublingual microcirculation were recorded. One minute after induction of cardiac arrest, LVMA was identified in all experimental animals. In the PEA group, rate of LVMA was of 106±12/min. In the VF group, we identified two patterns of LVMA. Six animals exhibited contractions of high frequency (VFhigh group), four of low frequency (VFlow group) (334±12 vs. 125±32/min, p<0.001). A time from cardiac arrest induction to asystole (19.2±7.2 vs. 7.3±2.2 vs. 8.3±5.5 min, p=0.003), cessation of LVMA (11.3±5.6 vs. 4.4±0.4 vs. 7.4±2.9 min, p=0.027) and cessation of microcirculation (25.3±12.6 vs. 13.4±2.4 vs. 23.2±8.7 min, p=0.050) was significantly longer in VFlow group than in VFhigh and PEA group, respectively. Thus, LVMA is present in both VF and PEA type of induced cardiac arrest and moreover, VF may exhibit various patterns of LVMA., R. Skulec, D. Astapenko, R. Cerna Parizkova, B. Furst, M. Bilska, T. Parizek, T. Hovanec, N. Pinterova, J. Knor, J. Dudakova, A. Truhlar, V. Radochova, Z. Zadak, V. Cerny., and Obsahuje bibliografii
This paper investigates the stochastic stability of fuzzy neural networks with Markovian jumping parameters and mixed delays under impulsive per- turbations in mean square. The mixed delays consist of time-varying delay and continuously distributed delay. By employing a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, linear convex combination technique, a novel reciprocal convex lemma and the free-weight matrix method, two novel sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the stochastic asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point of the considered networks in mean square. The proposed results, which are expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities, can be easily checked via Matlab LMI Toolbox. Finally, two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and less conservativeness of our theoretical results over existing literature.
Novikov superalgebras are related to quadratic conformal superalgebras which correspond to the Hamiltonian pairs and play a fundamental role in completely integrable systems. In this note we show that the Novikov superalgebras with $A_0=A_1A_1$ and $\dim A_1=2$ are of type $N$ and give a class of Novikov superalgebras of type $S$ with $A_0=A_1A_1$.
Inzulinová léčba je základním terapeutickým přístupem u diabetiků 1. typu a také u řady diabetiků 2. typu zejména s delším trváním onemocnění. U pacientů s diabetem 2. typu je však inzulinová terapie často zahajována později, než by bylo optimální, což je mimo jiné dáno také suboptimálními farmakokinetickými vlastnostmi dostupných inzulinů. Stále proto pokračuje vývoj nových inzulinů, jejichž charakteristiky by byly výhodnější než inzulinů v současné době používaných. Cílem tohoto článku je shrnout stávající poznatky týkající se nových inzulinů, které byly nedávno uvedeny na trh nebo se uvedení na trh přibližují. Zaměříme se rovněž na perspektivy inzulinové terapie v dlouhodobém horizontu včetně alternativních možností aplikace inzulinu mimo jeho klasické podávání subkutánní injekcí. Klíčová slova: alternativní možnosti aplikace inzulinu – diabetes mellitus – hypoglykemie – inzulin – inzulinová analoga, Insulin therapy is a therapeutic cornerstone in patients with type 1 diabetes and also in numerous patients with type 2 diabetes especially with longer history of diabetes. The initiation of insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes patients is often delayed which is at least partially due to suboptimal pharmacokinetic characteristics of available insulins. The development of novel insulins with more favorable characteristics than those of current insulins is therefore still ongoing. The aim of this paper is to review current knowledge of novel insulins that have been recently introduced to the market or are getting close to routine clinical use. We will also focus on the perspectives of insulin therapy in the long-term run including the alternative routes of insulin administration beyond its classical subcutaneous injection treatment. Key words: alternative routes of insulin administration – diabetes mellitus – hypoglycemia – insulin – insulin analogues, and Martin Haluzík
Nové tisíciletí se v léčbě karcinomu prsu vyznačuje nástupem biologické cílené léčby, která se postupně propracovala z terapie metastatického onemocnění do adjuvantních a nyní i neoadjuvantních indikací. Splňuje nároky na individualizaci léčby, protože je určená pro úzkou, přesně definovanou skupinu nemocných, což zajišťuje její eminentní efektivitu. Nejenom nové preparáty, ale i nové indikace v monoterapii či kombinaci, mohou posunout léčbu karcinomu prsu novým směrem., The new millennium has been marked by the advent of biological targeted therapy in the treatment for breast cancer, which has gradually worked its way from a treatment for metastatic disease to adjuvant and, most recently, neoadjuvant indications. It meets the demands for individualization of treatment as it is intended for a small, well-defined group of patients, which guarantees its excellent efficacy. The novel agents as well as new indications in monotherapy or in combination may take the treatment for breast cancer in a new direction., Petra Tesařová, and Lit.: 3
Syndrom MEN1 je autozomálně dominantní onemocnění, které je způsobeno mutací genu pro menin na 11. chromozomu. Svou incidencí 1 : 30 000 se řadí mezi onemocnění vzácná. Sdružuje funkční či nádorová onemocnění příštítných tělísek, hypofýzy, endokrinního pankreatu, nadledvin, případně jiné nádory. Diagnóza MEN1 je podezřelá, vyskytnou-li se společně alespoň 2 složky tohoto mnohonádorového syndromu. Se zvyšující se přesností diagnostických metod je snaha zachytit MEN1 v časnější fázi. Mezi nejvíce diskutovaná témata patří využití biomarkerů v diagnostice a nové přístupy v chirurgické léčbě MEN1., MEN1 syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation in the menin gene located on the 11th chromosome. It is a rare disorder with incidence of 1 : 30 000. It involves functional or cancerous diseases of parathyroid glands, hypophysis, endocrine pancreas, adrenal glands, or other tumors. The diagnosis of MEN1 is suspected if at least 2 components of this multiple tumor syndrome occur simultaneously. The increase in diagnostic precision enables detection of MEN1 in its early stages. Currently, the most frequently discussed topics include the use of biomarkers for diagnostics and new approaches in surgical treatment of MEN1., and Karel Starý
Kromě dokonale provedeného morfologického vyšetření se stanovením diagnózy, grade, stage a radikality chirurgického zákroku je pro rozhodnutí o nejvhodnější systémové léčbě nádoru nezbytné vyšetření mutačního stavu genů KRAS a NRAS patologem. Jeho úkolem je výběr optimálního vzorku tkáně a odpovídající metody i kontrola všech fází vyšetření (preanalytické a analytické fáze i interpretace výsledku)., For an appropriate therapeutic decision about optimal tratment of colorectal carcinoma oncologist needs in addition to complete histopathological data summarizing morphological diagnosis, grade, stage and radicality of surgery also the mutation status of KRAS and NRAS genes. It is a pathologist's task to select the appropriate tissue block, optimal testing method as well as to control all phases of the testing process (pre-analytical and analytical phases and interpretation of results)., Aleš Ryška, and Literatura
Akutní lymfoblastická leukemie dospělých patří mezi vzácnější prekurzorová maligní lymfoproliferativní onemocnění. Tato práce shrnuje doporučení pro diagnostiku a léčbu a uvádí některé nové nadějné léky, které se zkoušejí v klinických studiích., Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults belongs among rare precursor malignant lymphoproliferative disorders. This paper summarizes recommendations for diagnosis and treatment, and identifies some promising new drugs to be tested in clinical trials., František Folber, Michael Doubek, and Literatura