Fuzzy logic, neural network, fuzzy-neural networks play an important role in the linguistic modeling of intelligent control and decision making in complex systems. The Fuzzy-Neural Network (FNN) learning represents one of the most effective algorithms to build such linguistic models. This paper proposes an Artificial Immune Algorithm (AIA) based optimal learning fuzzy-neural network (IM-FNN). The proposed learning scheme includes the discovery of the fuzzy-neural network structure which can handle linguistic knowledge and the tuning of the membership function of the fuzzy inference system is achieved by AIA. The learning algorithm of the IM-FNN is composed of two phases. The first phase is to find the initial membership functions of the fuzzy neural network model. In the second phase, immune algorithm is used for tuning the membership functions of the proposed model. This paper also suggests techniques in determining the values of the steady-state equivalent circuit parameters of a three-phase squirrel-cage induction machine using immune algorithm.
So far, great efforts have been made to understand the demands
of extremely premature neonates (EPNs´; born before
the 28th week of gestation) on postnatal care, including optimal
oxygen saturation, that will allow them to survive without disability.
A major yet unresolved problem is to find an “optimal range” of
their oxygen saturation and to maintain it without drops or
increases, i.e., without hypoxia or hyperoxia. The individual
sections of this paper deal with the changes of SpO2 (an estimate
of SaO2 measured by pulse oximetry) that occur before, during,
and after premature labor, postnatal factors affecting SpO2, and
especially how to find an acceptable compromise in choosing the
most effective and minimally harmful range of SpO2 for EPNs’ with
the careful FiO2 adjustment and continually monitored SpO2. At
present, the two SpO2 ranges, narrow (90-94 %) vs. wider
(88-94 %), are most discussed. However, the question of how
much oxygen is too much or little remains unanswered. There is
even a view that there is no uniform optimal SpO2 range for EPNs,
and that each newborn has its own, individually specific range that
changes due to its intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors.
Positive Position Feedback (PPF) is one of the most attractive vibration control method due to its stability and ease of implementation. On the other hand, low robustness makes the PPF design more complicated in multimodal control case. It is known that a little change in optimal parameters setup, especially the change in controller frequency, can strongly degrade the control effort. Thus knowing a good approximation of optimal PPF parameters can be very helpful in practical implementations and simplified analytical relations between optimal parameters and modal properties of the structure are inevitable for efficient control design. In this paper derivation of such relations is introduced, based on simplified transfer function of controlled structure. Furthermore influence of the parallel PPF controllers in multimodal vibration suppression is analyzed and formulae for optimal parameters updating are suggested. Optimal multimodal PPF control design is demonstrated on experimental example of vibration suppression of beam structure. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Introduction: The type of the preparation junction is determined by a number of factors that need to be taken in consideration with CAD/CAM Fixed Prosthodontics: the material of which the construction will be made; the type and condition of the retainer teeth, of their periodontium and the occlusion; the design software, the CAM setting and the type of drills; the working protocol; the type of the cement and the method of cementation. Purpose: The aim of this publication is to describe the optimal preparation junctions for all-ceramic crown and bridge restorations made by CAM 5 - S 2 Impression, VHF. Materials and methods: Suitable are chamfer and shoulder preparation junction with rounded inner angle (width 1 - 1, 5 mm). Trimming of 1.5 – 2 mm dental tissues is necessary on the occlusal surface. The homothetic reduction of teeth is optimal. Results and discussion: The width depends on the size and vitality of the tooth. In stained teeth and those built with metal pins the removal of more tissues provides a greater volume needed to disguise the dark color. Vestibular preparation under the level of the gingiva is preferable to ensure optimal aesthetics. Preparation junction is determined also by the CAD/CAM technology - the type of drills and protocol of impression taking (classical or digital). The creation of a working model with TRIOS, 3Shape intraoral scanner is greatly facilitated by preparation junctions made above the gingival margin. Conclusion: Knowledge about the criteria for selection the preparation junctions is essential for fabrication accurate and aesthetic CAD/CAM restorations., Angelina Vlahova,Viktor Hadzhigaev, Christo Kissov, Rada Kazakova,Tanya Bozhkova, and Literatura
We establish the optimal quantization problem for probabilities under constrained Rényi-α-entropy of the quantizers. We determine the optimal quantizers and the optimal quantization error of one-dimensional uniform distributions including the known special cases α=0 (restricted codebook size) and α=1 (restricted Shannon entropy).
We define "optimal reference translation" as a translation thought to be the best possible that can be achieved by a team of human translators. Optimal reference translations can be used in assessments of excellent machine translations.
We selected 50 documents (online news articles, with 579 paragraphs in total) from the 130 English documents included in the WMT2020 news test (http://www.statmt.org/wmt20/) with the aim to preserve diversity (style, genre etc.) of the selection. In addition to the official Czech reference translation provided by the WMT organizers (P1), we hired two additional translators (P2 and P3, native Czech speakers) via a professional translation agency, resulting in three independent translations. The main contribution of this dataset are two additional translations (i.e. optimal reference translations N1 and N2), done jointly by two translators-cum-theoreticians with an extreme care for various aspects of translation quality, while taking into account the translations P1-P3. We publish also internal comments (in Czech) for some of the segments.
Translation N1 should be closer to the English original (with regards to the meaning and linguistic structure) and female surnames use the Czech feminine suffix (e.g. "Mai" is translated as "Maiová"). Translation N2 is more free, trying to be more creative, idiomatic and entertaining for the readers and following the typical style used in Czech media, while still preserving the rules of functional equivalence. Translation N2 is missing for the segments where it was not deemed necessary to provide two alternative translations. For applications/analyses needing translation of all segments, this should be interpreted as if N2 is the same as N1 for a given segment.
We provide the dataset in two formats: OpenDocument spreadsheet (odt) and plain text (one file for each translation and the English original). Some words were highlighted using different colors during the creation of optimal reference translations; this highlighting and comments are present only in the odt format (some comments refer to row numbers in the odt file). Documents are separated by empty lines and each document starts with a special line containing the document name (e.g. "# upi.205735"), which allows alignment with the original WMT2020 news test. For the segments where N2 translations are missing in the odt format, the respective N1 segments are used instead in the plain-text format.
This corpus contains annotations of translation quality from English to Czech in seven categories on both segment- and document-level. There are 20 documents in total, each with 4 translations (evaluated by each annotator in paralel) of 8 segments (can be longer than one sentence). Apart from the evaluation, the annotators also proposed their own, improved versions of the translations.
There were 11 annotators in total, on expertise levels ranging from non-experts to professional translators.
Suppose that at any stage of a statistical experiment a control variable X that affects the distribution of the observed data Y at this stage can be used. The distribution of Y depends on some unknown parameter θ, and we consider the problem of testing multiple hypotheses H1:θ=θ1, H2:θ=θ2,…, Hk:θ=θk allowing the data to be controlled by X, in the following sequential context. The experiment starts with assigning a value X1 to the control variable and observing Y1 as a response. After some analysis, another value X2 for the control variable is chosen, and Y2 as a response is observed, etc. It is supposed that the experiment eventually stops, and at that moment a final decision in favor of one of the hypotheses H1,…, Hk is to be taken. In this article, our aim is to characterize the structure of optimal sequential testing procedures based on data obtained from an experiment of this type in the case when the observations Y1,Y2,…,Yn are independent, given controls X1,X2,…,Xn, n=1,2,….
This work deals with a general problem of testing multiple hypotheses about the distribution of a discrete-time stochastic process. Both the Bayesian and the conditional settings are considered. The structure of optimal sequential tests is characterized.