Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) represents one of the key mechanical properties used to characterize rocks along with the other important properties of porosity and density. While several studies have proved the accuracy of artificial intelligence in modeling UCS, some authors believe that the use of artificial intelligence is not practical in predicting. The present paper highlights the ability of an artificial neural network (ANN) as an accurate and revolutionary method with regression models, as a conventional statistical analysis, to predict UCS within carbonate rocks and mortar. Thus, ANN and multiple linear regressions (MLR) were applied to estimate the UCS values of the tested samples. For experimentation we carried out ultrasonic measurements on cubic samples before testing uniaxial compressive strength perpendicularly to the stress direction. The models were performed to correlate effective porosity, density and ultrasonic velocity to the UCS measurements. The resulting models would allow the prediction of carbonate rocks and mortar’s UCS values usually determined by laborious experiments. Although the results demonstrate the usefulness of the MLP method as a simple, practical and economical model, the ANN model is more accurate.
Ankylosing spondylarthritis (AS) is associated falsely increased lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD). New tool for discrimination of subjects at fracture risk is needed. Vertebral fracture (VF) prediction of routine methods for osteoporosis assessment, BMD and trabecular bone score (TBS), in patients with AS. Cross-sectional study of all AS patients regularly followed at the rheumatology outpatient clinics of two centers. All subjects undergone BMD measurement at lumbar spine (LS), total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN) using Hologic® Horizon device. TBS at L1-4 in all subjects by TBS InSight® software were assessed. Vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) was performed using the lateral spine imaging IVA™ and graded using Genant semi-quantitative approach. 119 AS subjects (90 males/29 females), mean age 47.6 years were included in the study. In 20 patients 34 VFs were detected, from whom 7 patients had multiple fractures. Subjects with VF were older and had lower FN BMD, TBS in comparison to non-VF subjects. No differences in LS BMD, FN BMD or BASDAI between groups were observed. Among patients with VF only 3 had T-score less than -2.5 but 7 has TBS less than 1.23 which means highly degraded microarchitecture. AS patients with VF have lower TBS and FN BMD in comparison to non-VF subjects. In addition, TBS was able to detect 20 % more VFs than BMD. Therefore, TBS seems promising in VF discrimination among patients with AS., Zdenko Killinger, Martin Kužma, Soňa Tomková, Kristína Brázdilová, Peter Jackuliak, Juraj Payer., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The basic principle of the experimental-and-computational technique for predicting the subsonic flutter stability of axial compressor blading are stated. The methodology is described for the experimental determination of non-stationary aerodynamic forces and moments acting on blades during their in-flow vibrations; the calculation of the dynamic stability of a blade assembly against flutter; the aerodynamic rig design and peculiar features of its components to perform testing of airfoil cascades. The results of testing of the developed experimental-and-computational complex are presented. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
In this article a predictive model and a novel methodology of processing the data measured in the physical model of an optical telecommunications infrastructure is presented. The task is motivated by practical use of the results of experiments in the environment of the telecommunications network. We present an original predictive model and methodology, reflecting the specifics of examined infrastructure. The probabilistic prediction of the occurrence of emergencies is calculated via cluster analysis techniques used in Bayesian approach in the n-dimensional data space. The predictive model is experimentally verified on real data. Results of experiments are interpreted for practical use in real environment of the telecommunications infrastructure.
This paper investigates predictor control for wave partial differential equation (PDE) and nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) cascaded system with boundary value-dependent propagation speed. A predictor control is designed first. A two-step backstepping transformation and a new time variable are employed to derive a target system whose stability is established using Lyapunov arguments. The equivalence between stability of the target and the original system is provided using the invertibility of the backstepping transformations. Stability of the closed-loop system is established by Lyapunov arguments.
The colorectal cancer ranks high among the malignant tumours in incidence and mortality and irinotecan is standardly used in palliative treatment of metastatic disease in every therapeutic line. Unfortunately, the treatment with irinotecan is often associated with severe toxicities, especially neutropenia and diarrhea. The majority of the toxic manifestation is caused by the insufficient deactivation (glucuronidation) of irinotecan active metabolite SN-38 by UGT1A enzyme. The elevated SN-38 plasma concentration is responsible for the hematological and gastrointestinal toxicity that can become life-threatening. The patients carrying the mutation of the gene encoding UGT1A enzyme lack the ability of bilirubin glucuronidation, and suffer from the inherited un-conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert syndrome, Crigler-Najjar type 1 and 2 syndrome). The mutations in other enzyme systems also play role in the etiopathogenesis of the irinotecan toxicity: CYP3A (cytochrome P-450), ABC family of transmembrane transporters (adenosine-triphosphate binding cassette). The goal of the contemporary research is to determine the predictive factors that will enable the individual adjustment of the individual drug dosage while minimising the adverse effects and maintaining the treatment benefit. and A. Paulík, J. Grim, S. Filip
Úvod: Karcinom žaludku je časté onemocnění se špatnou prognózou. Většina nemocných podstupuje pouze paliativní léčbu. Jednou z možností je chemoterapie, její efekt se však u jednotlivých nemocných liší. Metoda: Jde o retrospektivní studii, do které bylo na podkladě vstupních kritérií zařazeno 54 nemocných (N=54). Provedli jsme kvantifikaci genové exprese vybraných genů a některých mikroRNA z nádorové tkáně, která byla použita pro stanovení diagnózy. Získaná data jsme statisticky zhodnotili. Výsledky: Prokázali jsme prediktivní význam stanovení genové exprese thymidylate synthasy (TS) v nádorové tkáni pro předpověď efektu chemoterapie založené na bázi 5-fluorouracilu nebo Capecitabinu. Současně jsme také prokázali prediktivní význam stanovení exprese miR181, miR150, miR192 a miR342 z nádorové tkáně. Navíc se nám podařilo prokázat prediktivní význam stanovení exprese miR221, miR224, miR520 a miR375 pro předpověď efektu platinových derivátů. Závěr: Díky využití efektivních prediktorů léčby můžeme odlišit nemocné, kteří budou profitovat z podání chemoterapie od nemocných, u kterých efekt očekávat nemůžeme. Díky personifikované onkologické léčbě můžeme u některých nemocných zlepšit kvalitu života a současně snížit náklady na léčbu tím, že jim nebude podána neefektivní chemoterapie. Pouze časný záchyt karcinomu žaludku může zvrátit nepříznivý osud nemocných s tímto onemocněním., Introduction: Gastric cancer is a frequent malignant disease with poor prognosis. Most patients undergo only palliative treatment. Chemotherapy is another alternative but its effect differs in individual patients. Method: This is retrospective study. We enrolled 54 patients (N=54) according to the inclusion criteria. We performed quantification of gene expression of selected genes and some microRNA from tumour tissue, which was used for the diagnosis. Statistical analysis of the data was performed. Results: We demonstrated a predictive value of gene expression of thynidylate synthase in tumour tissue for a therapeutic effect of chemotherapy based on 5-Fluorouracil or Capecitabine. At the same time, we demonstrated a predictive value of miR181, miR150, mir192 and miR342 microRNA levels from the tumour tissue. In addition, we succeeded to demonstrate a predictive value of miR221, miR224, miR520 and miR375 microRNA levels for a therapeutic effect of chemotherapy based on platinum derivates. Conclusion: Thanks to the use of efficient therapy predictors, we can distinguish those patients who will profit from chemotherapy from patients where an effect cannot be expected. Thanks to personified oncology therapy the quality of life of some patients can be improved while reducing the costs of the therapy by avoiding inefficient chemotherapy. Only an early diagnosis of gastric cancer can reverse the adverse prognosis of patients with this disease., and D. Šmíd, D. Kubačková, J. Doležal, J. Fichtl, M. Pešta, V. Kulda, O. Daum, V. Třeška, T. Skalický
Kolorektální karcinom má v České republice nejvyšší četnost výskytu a zaujímá jednu z čelních příček incidence na světě. Pouze nemocní s resekovatelnými vzdálenými metastázami mají naději na vyléčení. Hlavním cílem onkologické léčby tedy zůstává prodloužení přežití a zlepšení kvality života. Možnosti klasické chemoterapie se v současnosti zdají být vyčerpány. Další prodloužení přežití pacientů s metastazujícím kolorektálním karcinomem (mKRK) přinesla cílená biologická léčba. Klíčové je nalezení vhodných prediktivních biomarkerů, které dovolí identifikaci cílové populace pacientů. V přehledovém článku je analyzován stav mutace RAS vzhledem k možné sekvenci cílené biologické léčby u nemocných s mKRK s ohledem na nová data, která byla prezentována na ASCO 2014., Colorectal cancer has the highest incidence rate in the Czech Republic and occupies one of the leading positions in incidence worldwide. Only patients with resectable distant metastases have hope for a cure. Prolongation of survival and improvement in the quality of life thus remain the main goal of cancer treatment. The possibilities of classic chemotherapy appear to be currently exhausted. Further prolongation of survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has been provided by targeted biological therapy. It is crucial to find suitable predictive biomarkers that will allow identification of a target population of patients. The review article analyses the RAS mutation status with respect to the possible sequence of targeted biological therapy in patients with mCRC with regard to the new data presented at ASCO 2014., Luboš Holubec, Ondřej Fiala, Vít Martin Matějka, Václav Liška, Vladislav Třeška, Jindřich Fínek, and Literatura