[William Shakespeare] ; přeložil František Doucha, Přeloženo z angličtiny, Nakladatelské údaje a údaje o edici z bibliografického katalogu 19. stol., and Pod názvem: (Druhý překlad)
This paper describes the application of X-ray specular reflectivity and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering methods for complex characterization of randomly rough interfaces in multiplayer mirrors. The capability of the microscopic layer growth model to estimate thermal stability and scale interface properities is demonstrated here for an ultra-short period W/B4C mirror. The information obtained is not only crucial for practical applications of mirrors but also brings new knowledge relevant to interface physics., Článok popisuje aplikáciu metód röntgenovej spekulárnej reflektivity a malouhlového röntgenového rozptylu pri šikmom dopade (GISAXS) na komplexnú charakterizáciu náhodne drsných rozhraní v multivrstvových zrkadlách. Na príklade interferenčného multivrstvového zrkadla W/B4C s vel'mi malou periodou sú ukázané možnosti analýzy tepelnej stabiIity a korelačných a škálovacích vlastností rozhraní v rámci mikroskopického modelu rastu vrstiev. Získané informácie sú určujúce pre praktické aplikácie zrkadla a prinášajú tiež nové poznatky z fyziky rozhraní., Matej, Jergel, Peter Šiffalovič, Eva Majková, Štefan Luby., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Metóda založená na meraní odrazivosti röntgenového žiarenia pri dopade pod malými uhlami na povrch skúmanej vzorky sa stala dôležitým nástrojom v biofyzikálnom výskume. Uplatňuje sa pri skúmaní vlastností tenkých organických vrstiev lipidov, proteínov a iných biopolymérov, surfaktantov atď. V článku je podaný krátky výklad fyzikálnej podstaty tejto metódy a jej aplikácie pri štúdiu štruktúrnych parametrov dvojzložkových membránových modelových systémov líšiacich sa v zložení lipidov a vo fázovom stave., In recent decades, X-ray reflectometry, an experimental technique based on measuring the reflected X-ray intensity from surfaces upon illumination under small angles, became an important tool in biophysical research. It is often used for the investigation and study of properties of thin organic lipid layers, proteins and other biopolymers, surfactants, etc. In the presented article, we introduce the teoretical foundations of this physical method and its applications. In particular, we discuss our recent experimental study of structural parameters of double-compound membrane model systems, which differ in lipid composition and phase state., Eva Nováková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rooibos tea as a natural source of a wide scale of antioxidants on the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Expected significant changes of biochemical parameters characteristic for experimental diabetic state were found in plasma and tissues eight weeks after single dose streptozotocin application. Administration of aqueous and alkaline extracts of rooibos tea (or N-acetyl-L-cysteine for comparison) to diabetic rats did not affect markers of the diabetic status (glucose, glycated hemoglobin and fructosamine). Besides the parameters characterizing hepatotoxic effect of streptozotocin, rooibos tea significantly lowered advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the plasma and in different tissues of diabetic rats, particularly MDA concentration in the lens. From these results we can conclude that antioxidant compounds in rooibos tea partially prevent oxidative stress and they are effective in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic biological systems. Therefore, rooibos tea as a commonly used beverage can be recommended as an excellent adjuvant support for the prevention and therapy of diabetic vascular complications, particularly for protecting ocular membrane systems against their peroxidation by reactive oxygen species.