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27862. Ultra $LI$-Ideals in lattice implication algebras and $MTL$-algebras
- Creator:
- Zhang, Xiaohong , Qin, Keyun , and Dudek, Wiesław Aleksander
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- lattice implication algebra, $MTL$-algebra, (prime; ultra; obstinate; Boolean) $LI$-ideal, and $ILI$-ideal
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A mistake concerning the ultra $LI$-ideal of a lattice implication algebra is pointed out, and some new sufficient and necessary conditions for an $LI$-ideal to be an ultra $LI$-ideal are given. Moreover, the notion of an $LI$-ideal is extended to $MTL$-algebras, the notions of a (prime, ultra, obstinate, Boolean) $LI$-ideal and an $ILI$-ideal of an $MTL$-algebra are introduced, some important examples are given, and the following notions are proved to be equivalent in $MTL$-algebra: (1) prime proper $LI$-ideal and Boolean $LI$-ideal, (2) prime proper $LI$-ideal and $ILI$-ideal, (3) proper obstinate $LI$-ideal, (4) ultra $LI$-ideal.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
27863. Ultra-small gold nanoparticles with mild immunomodulatory activity as a potential tool for bio-applications
- Creator:
- Bělinová, T., Javorová, P., Nguyenová, H. Y., Řezníčková, A., Humlová, Z., and Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- gold nanoparticles, immune cells, immunomodulation, and nanoparticle-cell interaction
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Recently, more and more efforts are directed towards developing new imaging and drug-delivery options based on various nanoparticles, exploiting their unique properties. Here, ultra-small gold nanoparticles functionalized with widely used polyethylene glycol and its amine-terminated form were tested in respect of their potential interactions with human immune cells (cell line and primary cells). The results showed that differently terminated ultrasmall gold nanoparticles represent an interesting theranostic platform as they are harmless to immune cells (not inducing cytotoxicity and severe immune response) and on the other hand, they can serve as imaging and/or drug delivery agents using e.g. monocytes/ macrophages as “Trojan horses” to deliver these nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier and diagnose or treat pathologies of the central nervous system.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
27864. Ultrakrátké světelné pulzy
- Creator:
- Malý, Petr
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyzika, světlo, physics, light, 6, and 53
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Ultrakrátké světelné pulzy, tedy pulzy pikosekundové nebo kratší časové délky, jsou velmi významné ve vědě i ve stále větším počtu aplikací. Uvádíme základní vlastnosti světelných pulzů, způsob jejich generace lasery se synchronizací módů a připomínáme některé oblasti jejich použití., Ultra-short light pulses, with pulses of a picosecond or shorter duration, are very important in science as well as in a growing number of applications. We review the basic properties of these light pulses and techniques for their generation by modelocked lasers. We also describe some of their application areas., Petr Malý., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
27865. Ultrarychlá laserová spektroskopie
- Creator:
- Malý, Petr, Němec, Petr, and Trojánek, František
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- lasery, spektroskopie, lasers, spectroscopy, Česko, Czechia, 6, and 535
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- The remarkable progress in laser technology leads also to a development of techniques of time-resolved optical spectroscopy. The ultrafast laser spectroscopy in the visible spectral region can be now used for investigation of rapid processes with the time resolution of about 10 fs. This paper reviews the experimental background and typical techniques of ultrafast laser spectroscopy. The potentional of ultrafast spectrocopy is illustrated with the results obtained by authors in the field of ultrafast relaxation processes in semiconductors and semiconductor nanostructures., Petr Malý, Petr Němec, František Trojánek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
27866. Ultraslabá emise fotonů z biologických systému: fyzikální podstata a potenciální aplikace
- Creator:
- Cifra, Michal and Pospíšil, Pavel
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyzika, fotonika, biofyzika, physics, photonics, biophysics, 6, and 53
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Ultraslabá emise fotonů se vyskytuje prakticky u všech metabolicky aktivních biologických systémů. Jejím zdrojem jsou elektronově excitované stavy molekul vznikající v průběhu oxidativních reakcí biomolekul. Ultraslabá emise fotonů detekovatelná citlivými a nízkošumovými fotonásobiči a CCD kamerami může najít uplatnění v neinvazivních diagnostických metodách v zemědělství a biomedicíně., Ultra-weak photon emission is present in virtually all metabolically active biological systems. Its source is electronically excited states of molecules produced during the oxidation reactions of biomolecules. Ultra-weak photon emission detected with sensititive and low noise photomultipliers and CCD cameras can be exploited in non-invasive diagnostics in biomedicine and agriculture., Michal Cifra, Pavel Pospíšil., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
27867. Ultrastructural characteristics of aortic endothelial cells in borderline hypertensive rats exposed to chronic social stress
- Creator:
- Ľudmila Okruhlicová, Katarína Dlugošová, Mitašíková, M., and Iveta Bernátová
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Experimentální medicína, kardiovaskulární fyziologie, stres (psychologie), hypertenze, endotel, potkan, cardiovascular physiology, stress (psychology), hypertension, endothelium, Rattus norvegicus, social stress, ultrastructure, 14, and 616-092
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Genetic predisposition and social stress may represent important risk factors in etiology of hypertension associated with endothelial dysfunction. Perturbations of endothelial structural integrity are also critical for the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. We examined effect of chronic social stress on structure of aortic endothelium in bord erline hypertensive (BHR) and normotensive Wistar rats. Male BHR – offspring of Wistar mothers and SHR fathers and age-matched W were exposed to 6-week crowding stress (5 rats/cage, 200 cm2/rat). Aortic tissue was processed for electron microscopy and NO synthase activity measurement. Crowding stress significantly increased blood pressure in BHR compared to basal values (140±3 mm Hg vs. 130±3 mm Hg, p<0.05) and reduced enzyme activity by 37 % (p<0.01) in the aorta of BHR. Local slight structural alterations of endothelium were found in non-stressed BHR (p<0.001) when compared with Wistar rats. Chronic stress caused marked (p<0.005) subcellular injury of endothelial cells in aorta of BHR characterized by mitochondrial damage, presence of vacuoles, increased number of lysosomes, Weibel-Palade bodies, changes of intercellular connections and local disruption of endothelium, while only slight changes were seen in Wistar rats. Results suggest increased sensitivity of aortic endothelium of BHR to chronic crowding that may contribute to acceleration of arterial dysfunction., Ľ. Okruhlicová, K. Dlugošová, M. Mitašíková, I. Bernátová., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
27868. Ultrastructural characteristics of Nematopsis sp. oocysts (Apicomplexa: Porosporidae), a parasite of the clam Meretrix meretrix (Veneridae) from the Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia
- Creator:
- Abdel-Baki, Abdel-Azeem S., Al-Quraishy, Saleh, Dkhil, Mohamed A., Al Nasr, Ibraheem, Oliveira, Elsa, Casal, Graça, and Azevedo, Carlos
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Nematopsis, oocyst, ultrastructure, Meretrix, and Saudi Arabia
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper describes the fine structure of oocysts of Nematopsis sp. (Apicomplexa, Porosporidae) found in the abductor muscles of seawater clams, Meretrix meretrix (Linnaeus, 1758) (Veneridae), collected near the city of Dammam (6°17'0''N, 50°12'0''E) in the Arabian Gulf off the coast of Saudi Arabia. Oocysts of an ellipsoidal shape were found among myofibrils of the abductor muscles of infected clams. Each oocyst is composed of an oocyst wall surrounding a single uninucleate vermiform sporozoite located in the lumen of the oocyst wall. The thin oocyst wall (0.70-0.85 µm thick) is composed of homogenous electron-lucent material formed by three layers of equal-thickness. The oocyst wall contains a plano-convex opercular-like structure about 2.5 µm in diameter and 0.75-0.90 µm thick, composed of a homogenous material with moderate electron density. The oocyst is of an ellipsoidal shape and is 15.6 ± 0.6 µm long and 11.1 ± 0.7 µm wide. Externally, the oocyst wall is surrounded by a complex dense network of numerous anastomosed microfibrils, which are attached to the oocyst wall, forming 2-3 layers and extending towards the periphery, at some points penetrating amongst the host cells. The myofibrils in some cases show evident aspects of lysis as a consequence of the appearance of lysosome-like vesicles. Lacking knowledge of a complete life cycle and/or molecular data precluded the conclusive identification of this species.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
27869. Ultrastructural description of Ceratomyxa tenuispora (Myxozoa), a parasite of the marine fish Aphanopus carbo (Trichiuridae), from the Atlantic coast of Madeira Island (Portugal)
- Creator:
- Casal, Graça, Costa, Graça, and Azevedo, Carlos
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Myxozoa, Ceratomyxa tenuispora, parasite, marine fish, Aphanopus carbo, and ultrastructure
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The first ultrastructural description of Ceratomyxa tenuispora Kabata, 1960 (Myxozoa, Bivalvulida) from Madeira Island (Portugal), a parasite found in the gall bladder of the commercially important black-scabbard fish, Aphanopus carbo Lowe is presented. This parasite possesses spherical to ellipsoidal disporous trophozoites. Spores have a central crescent-shaped body averaging 11.0 µm in length, 28.5 µm in thickness and 12.1 µm in width. The valves have two long opposite lateral processes (ribbon-like structures or tails), each averaging 173 µm in length. The total thickness of the spore averages 375 µm. The spore has two sub-spherical polar capsules (∼5.2 × 4.1 µm), each with a polar filament with 7 to 8 coils. Some ultrastructural aspects of the sporogonic stages are described. The trophozoites develop without contact with epithelial cells. The cytoplasmic membrane has numerous evenly distributed external slender projections about 0.3 to 0.7 µm long. The sporogenesis produces two spores without pansporoblast formation. In the matrix of the capsular primordium, microtubules with an unusual organisation were observed. A binucleate sporoplasm that contains several sporoplasmosomes and dense bodies fills the spore cavity and extends to the tails without penetrating them.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
27870. Ultrastructural distribution of the S100A1 Ca2+-binding protein in the human heart
- Creator:
- Bohumil Maco, Mandinova, A., Dürrenberger, M. B., Schäfer, B. W., Uhrík, B., and Heizmann, C. W.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, imunocytochemie, immunocytochemistry, human heart muscle, Ca2+-binding proteins, S100A1, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Impaired calcium homeostasis and altered expression of Ca2+-binding proteins are associated with cardiomyopathies, myocardial hypertrophy, infarction or ischemia. S100A1 protein with its modulatory effect on different target proteins has been proposed as one of potential candidates which could participate in these pathological processes. The exact localization of S100A1 in human heart cells on the ultrastructural level accompanied with biochemical determination of its target proteins may help clarify the role of S100A1 in heart muscle. In the present study the distribution of the S100A1 protein using postembedding (Lowicryl K4M) immunocytochemical method in human heart muscle has been determined quantitatively, relating number of antigen sites to the unit area of a respective structural component. S100A1 antigen sites have been detected in elements of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), in myofibrils at all levels of sarcomere and in mitochondria, the density of immunolabeling at Z-lines being about 3 times and at SR more than 5 times higher than immunolabeling of remaining structural components. The presence of the S100A1 in SR and myofibrils may be related to the known target proteins for S100A1 at these sites., B. Maco, A. Mandinová, M.B. Dürrenberger, B.W. Schäfer, B. Uhrík, C.W. Heizmann., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public