The cell culture became an invaluable tool for studying cell behaviour, development, function, gene expression, toxicity of compounds and efficacy of novel drugs. Although most results were obtained from cell cultivation in two-dimensional (2D) systems, in which cells are grown in a monolayer, three-dimensional (3D) cultures are more promising as they correspond closely to the native arrangement of cells in living tissues. In our study, we focused on three types of 3D in vitro systems used for cultivation of one cell type. Cell morphology, their spatial distribution inside of resulting multicellular structures and changes in time were analysed with histological examination of samples harvested at different time periods. In multilayered cultures of WRL 68 hepatocytes grown on semipermeable membranes and non-passaged neurospheres generated by proliferation of neural progenitor cells, the cells were tightly apposed, showed features of cell differentiation but also cell death that was observable in short-term cultures. Biogenic scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix of the murine tibial anterior muscle were colonized with C2C12 myoblasts in vitro. The recellularized scaffolds did not reach high cell densities comparable with the former systems but supported well cell anchorage and migration without any signs of cell regression. and H. Hrebíková, D. Čížková, J. Chvátalová, R. Pisal, R. Adamčik, P. Beznoska, D. Díaz-Garcia, J. Mokrý
Poranění míchy není v současném stavu poznání v klinické praxi stále léčitelné. Standardní péče se tak soustředí na včasnou dekompresi míchy, stabilizaci poraněné páteře a prevenci sekundárního míšního poranění. Na druhou stranu se v experimentální oblasti rozvíjí velké množství nových terapeutických postupů. Některé z nich prokázaly částečný funkční a morfologický efekt u laboratorních zvířat. V posledních 20 letech pak byly tyto experimentální postupy aplikovány i v klinických studiích, zatím však bez jednoznačných výsledků. V této práci poskytujeme souhrn současného stavu klinické a především experimentální terapie míšního poranění., Spinal cord injuries still remain incurable in current clinical practice. Standard therapy focuses on early decompression and stabilization of the injured spine together with prevention of a secondary injury. On the other hand, several experimental therapies are being developed in laboratories. Some of these showed partial functional and morphological effect in laboratory animals. Over the last 20 years, some of the experimental therapies have been applied in clinical studies but did not provide unambiguous results. In the present paper, we provide an overview of current clinical and experimental therapies of spinal cord injuries. Key words: spinal cord injury – stem cells – biomaterials – regeneration – experimental treatment The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers., and A. Hejčl, P. Jendelová, M. Sameš, E. Syková