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Start Over Rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Subject fyziologie člověka

152. Involvement of membrane fluidity in endogenous protective processes running on subcellular membrane systems of the rat heart

Creator:
Atila Ziegelhöffer, Waczulíková, I., Miroslav Ferko, Šikurová, L., Mujkošová, J., and Ravingerová, T.
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, rat heart sarcolemma, mitochondria, membrane fluidity, diabetes, hypertension, endogenous protection, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Membrane fluidity is a widely recognized biophysical variable that provides information about structural organization of the subcellular membranes exhibiting physical characteristics of liquid crystals. The term “fluidity” reflects in this case the tightness in packing of acyl parts of the membrane phospholipid molecules, a feature that may influence considerably the molecular mobility and via that also the sensitivity and reactivity of membranebound transporters, receptors and enzyme systems. Data presented in this review are aimed to demonstrate the substantial role of changes in membrane fluidity occurring in the processes associated with endogenous protection observed in cardiac sarcolemma and mitochondria in diverse pathologies, particularly in diabetes and hypertension., A. Ziegelhöffer, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

154. Late divergence of target and nontarget ERPs in a visual oddball task

Creator:
Alena Damborská, Milan Brázdil, Ivan Rektor, Eva Janoušová, Chládek, J., and Miloslav Kukleta
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, intracerebral recording, oddball task, visual evoked potentials, mental counting, memory, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Different mental operations were expected in the late phase of intracerebral ERPs obtained in the visual oddball task with mental counting. Therefore we searched for late divergences of target and nontarget ERPs followed by components exceeding the temporal window of the P300 wave. Electrical activity from 152 brain regions of 14 epileptic patients was recorded by means of depth electrodes. Average target and nontarget records from 1800 ms long EEG periods free of epileptic activity were compared. Late divergence preceded by almost identical course of the target and nontarget ERPs was found in 16 brain regions of 6 patients. The mean latency of the divergence point was 570±93 ms after the stimulus onset. The target post-divergence section of the ERP differed from the nontarget one by opposite polarity, different latency of the components, or even different number of the components. Generators of post-divergence ERP components were found in the parahippocampal gyrus, superior, middle and inferior temporal gyri, amygdala, and fronto-orbital cortex. Finding of late divergence indicates that functional differences exist even not sooner than during the final phase of the task., A. Damborská ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

155. Leukocyte and endothelial adhesion molecules in patients with hypercholesterolemia: the effect of atorvastatin treatment

Creator:
Tomáš Štulc, Michal Vrablík, Zdislava Kasalová, Iuri Marinov, Helena Svobodová, and Richard Češka
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, ateroskleróza, cholesterol, endotel, leukocyty, human physiology, atherosclerosis, endothelium, leucocytes, cell adhesion molecules, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Atherogenesis involves the migration of leukocytes into vascular subendothelial space, a process mediated by endothelial and leukocyte cell adhesion molecules. Endothelial molecules are assessed indirectly via serum levels, but leukocyte molecules can be assessed directly. We have therefore hypothesized that leukocyte adhesion molecules are altered to a greater degree in hypercholesterolemia than serum endothelial adhesion molecules. We examined 29 subjects with hypercholesterolemia and 27 controls at baseline and after 12 weeks of atorvastatin treatment (20 mg/day). Expression of leukocyte integrins CD11a, CD11b, CD18, and CD49d and of L-selectin was measured by flow cytometry. Serum ICAM-1, E-selectin and von Willebrand factor were measured by ELISA. Expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules was significantly higher in patients at baseline than in the controls, except for CD11a. Expression significantly decreased after atorvastatin in most adhesion molecules except for CD11b. In contrast, there was no effect of hypercholesterolemia and/or atorvastatin on the serum endothelial molecules. Leukocyte but not endothelial adhesion molecules were influenced by hypercholesterolemia and by lipid lowering treatment. Leukocyte molecules may therefore be a more sensitive marker of atherogenesis than endothelial molecules. Our results support the role of increased leukocyte adhesiveness in atherogenesis., T. Štulc, M. Vrablík, Z. Kasalová, I. Marinov, H. Svobodová, R. Češka., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

156. Lidocaine-Containing Euro-Colins Solution Prevents Renal Injury in the Isolated Perfused Canine Kidney Exposed to Prolonged Cold Ischemia

Creator:
Erkasap, N., Ates, E., Erkasap, S., and Kaygisiz, Z.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Cold-storage, Lidocaine, Kidney, Isolated kidney perfusion, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Previous studies have reported a decreased incidence of delayed graft function after cadaveric transplantation with the use of lidocaine pretreatment of the donor. We evaluated the effects of lidocaine on prolonged cold ischemia and reperfusion injury in a canine model of isolated kidney perfusion (IPK). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the renal function of isolated perfused canine kidneys after 48 h of cold storage with Euro-Collins (EC) solution or EC solution plus lidocaine. Isolated perfused canine kidneys were randomized into four groups which contained six kidneys: I) cold flush with EC solution and immediately reperfused, II) cold flush with EC solution plus lidocaine and immediately reperfused, III) 48 h of cold storage with EC and reperfusion, IV) 48 h of cold storage with EC solution plus lidocaine and reperfusion. The measured renal functions were glomerular filtration rate, urine production, perfusate flow, urinary lactic dehydrogenase (ULDH), Na reabsorptive capacity, and tissue MDA levels. Histological examination was performed after reperfusion. The tubular functions of kidneys preserved with EC solution containing lidocaine were better when compared with the kidneys preserved with EC alone. Tubular injury marker levels (ULDH) in group IV were significantly lower than in group III and lidocaine also reduced lipid peroxidation during reperfusion. This is in agreement with the histological results. The results of the present study can be taken as evidence of the cytoprotective effect of lidocaine, which may therefore be accepted as a useful agent for kidney preservation., N. Erkasap, E. Ates, S. Erkasap, Z. Kaygisiz., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

157. Light deprivation-related changes of strategy selection in the radial arm maze

Creator:
Salami, Mahmoud
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, učení, paměť, pohlavní rozdíly, human physiology, learning, memory, sex differences, radiální bludiště, smyslové zkušenosti, výběr strategie, radial maze, sensory experience, strategy selection, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
During the early postnatal age environmental signals underlie the development of sensory systems. The visual system is considered as an appropriate system to evaluate role of sensory experience in postnatal development of sensory systems. This study was made to assess the effect of visual deprivation on strategy of arm selection in navigation of radial arm maze. Six-week-old light- (LR, control) and dark-reared (DR) rats were trained for correct choices and adjacent arms tasks. Our results showed that both the LR and DR animals equally selected correct arms. In the adjacent arms task, however, the control group significantly outperformed the DR animals. While the LR males and females displayed some differences in performing the tasks, no sex dependency was found in the performance of the DR group. These findings indicate that the lack of visual experience is likely to influence the strategy selection as well as sex differences. Thus the difference in the performance of LR and DR animals seems to be due to the male rather than female behavior., M. Salami., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

158. Lisinopril indifferently improves heart rate variability during day and night periods in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Creator:
Albarwani, S., Al-Siyabi, S., and Tanira, M. O.
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, heart rate variability, hypertension, circadian rhythm, lisinopril, ACE-inhibitor, telemetry, SHR, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of 10 weeks of lisinopril treatment to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) on day/night variations of blood pressure, heart rate and autonomic cardio-regulation parameters. Male SHR with surgically implanted radio-telemetry implant that provided direct measurements of arterial pressure and electrocardiogram wave were used. Animals were allocated to two groups (n=5 each). The first group was treated with lisinopril (20 mg/kg by gavage) daily for 10 weeks (treated group); whereas the second was gavaged daily with tap water (untreated group). Arterial blood pressure, ECG and other telemetry parameters were recorded at the start and at the end of 10-week treatment. Collected data were analyzed using specialized software and were statistically tested. In addition to the expected lowering of blood pressure, spectral analysis of R-R intervals revealed that lisinopril treatment for 10 weeks significantly caused 2-3 fold increase in heart rate variability (HRV) during both active and inactive periods. However, R-R interval durations demonstrated variable distribution patterns during those periods. The cause of observed distribution pattern of R-R intervals during active and inactive periods may be of significance to better understand HRV changes and warrants further investigations., S. Albarwani, S. Al-Siyabi, M. O. Tanira., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

159. Liver mitochondrial respiratory function and coenzyme Q content in rats on a hypercholesterolemic diet treated with atorvastatin

Creator:
Oľga Uličná, Vančová, O., Waczulíková, I., Peter Božek, Šikurová, L., Viliam Bada, and Jarmila Kucharská
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, hypercholesterolemia, atorvastatin, liver mitochondria, oxidative phosphorylation, coenzyme Q, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, are effective drugs in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, however, their undesirable actions are not fully known. We investigated the effects of atorvastatin on the oxidative phosphorylation and membrane fluidity in liver mitochondria, and also on the coenzyme Q (CoQ) content in the mitochondria, liver tissue, and plasma of rats on a standard (C) and hypercholesterolemic (HCh) diet. Atorvastatin was administered at either low (10 mg⋅kg-1) or high dose (80 mg⋅kg-1) for four weeks. The high dose of the drug decreased the concentrations of total cholesterol and triacylglycerols in the plasma and liver of rats on a HCh diet. Administration of atorvastatin was associated with decreased oxygen uptake (state 3), and oxidative phosphorylation rate in the mitochondria of both C and HCh rats. Further, the drug influenced mitochondrial membrane fluidity and dose-dependently reduced concentrations of oxidized and reduced forms of CoQ in the mitochondria. Our findings point to an association between in vivo administration of atorvastatin and impaired bioenergetics in the liver mitochondria of rats, regardless of diet, in conjunction with simultaneous depletion of oxidized and reduced CoQ forms from the mitochondria. This fact may play a significant role in the development of statin-induced hepatopathy., O. Uličná ...[et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

160. Long-term activation of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase lowers circulating levels of uric acid in diabetic conditions

Creator:
Carpéné, C., Desquesnes, A., Gomez-Ruiz, A., Iffiú-Soltész, Z., Le Gonidec, S., and Mercader, J.
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, diabetes, adipose tissue, primary amine oxidase, urea, ammonia, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Uric acid is involved in nitrogenous waste in animals, together with ammonia and urea. Uric acid has also antioxidant properties and is a surrogate marker of metabolic syndrome. We observed that the elevated plasma uric acid of high-fat fed mice was normalized by benzylamine treatment. Indeed, benzylamine is the reference substrate of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), an enzyme highly expressed in fat depots and vessels, which generates ammonia when catalysing oxidative deamination. Ammonia interferes with uric acid metabolism/solubility. Our aim was therefore to investigate whether the lowering action of benzylamine on uric acid was related to an improvement of diabetic complications, or was connected with SSAO-dependent ammonia production. First, we observed that benzylamine administration lowered plasma uric acid in diabetic db/db mice while it did not modify uric acid levels in normoglycemic and lean mice. In parallel, benzylamine improved the glycemic control in diabetic but not in normoglycemic mice, while plasma urea remained unaltered. Then, uric acid plasma levels were measured in mice invalidated for AOC3 gene, encoding for SSAO. These mice were unable to oxidize benzylamine but were not diabetic and exhibited unaltered plasma uric levels. Therefore, activated or abolished ammonia production by SSAO was without influence on uric acid in the context of normoglycemia. Our observations confirm that plasma uric acid increases with diabetes and can be normalized when glucose tolerance is improved. They also show that uric acid, a multifunctional metabolite at the crossroads of nitrogen waste and of antioxidant defences, can be influenced by SSAO, in a manner apparently related to changes in glucose homeostasis., C. Carpéné ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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