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2105. Apodemodex cornutus gen. n. et sp. n. (Acari: Demodecidae): new genus and new species of the hair follicle mite from the Mediterranean water shrew, Neomys anomalus (Insectivora: Soricidae)

Creator:
Bukva, Vladimír
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Subject:
Acari, Demodecidae, morphology, new genus, new species, parasite, and insectivore
Language:
English
Description:
A new hair follicle mite species, Apodemodex cumulus, is described from female and male specimens collected from the muzzle, lower jaw and vertex of Mediterranean water shrews, Neomys anomalus Cabrera taken in South Bohemia, Czech Republic. A new, at present monotypie genus Apodemodex is erected for this mite species. Diagnostic for the new genus are the morphology of the gnathosoma (the characters including conspicuous continuous arched antero-lateral contours of massive ventral face) and the morphology of the leg claws, which are deeply bifurcate and without spur.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2106. Apolipoprotein A5 and hypertriglyceridemia in Prague hypertriglyceridemic rats

Creator:
Kadlecová, M., Hojná, S., Bohuslavová, R., Hubáček, J.A., Zicha, J., and Kuneš, J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Hypertriglyceridemia, Metabolic syndrome, Apolipoprotein A5, Genetic analysis, Gene expression, Chronic fructose loading, and Rat
Language:
English
Description:
High plasma triglyceride (TG) level is a major independent risk factor of coronary heart disease. A newly identified Apolipoprotein A5 (Apoa5) gene has been shown to play an important role in determining plasma TG concentrations in humans and mice. Prague hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) rats are a useful model of human hypertriglyceridemia and other symptoms of metabolic syndrome. Thus, the variation of Apoa5 gene and its expression were studied in this strain under normal conditions and after chronic fructose loading. Lewis and Wistar rats served as normotriglyceridemic controls. Plasma TG were significantly higher in HTG rats in comparison with both control strains. Sequence analysis of the rat Apoa5 gene revealed the existence of two introns. However, screening of the coding regions and intron-exon boundaries of Apoa5 gene did not indicate any mutation of this gene in HTG rats in comparison with Lewis and Wistar ones. Under the basal conditions the expression of Apoa5 was lower in all age groups of HTG rats compared to Wistar animals. Furthermore, during chronic fructose loading there were no significant changes of Apoa5 expression in HTG rats, although plasma TG levels rose 3-4 times within first two days of fructose loading and were increased during the whole period of fructose treatment. In conclusion, Apoa5 does not seem to be a genetic determinant of hypertriglyceridemia in HTG rats. The absence of significant changes in Apoa5 gene expression during chronic fructose-induced TG elevation excludes its major role in mechanisms compensating severe hypertriglyceridemia.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2107. Apolipoprotein A5 in health and disease

Creator:
Jaroslav Hubáček, Věra Adámková, Michal Vrablík, Michaela Kadlecová, Josef Zicha, Jaroslav Kuneš, Jan Piťha, Pavel Suchánek, and Rudolf Poledne
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Patologie. Klinická medicína, klinické lékařství, triacylglyceroly, polymorfismus, infarkt myokardu, clinical medicine, triacylglycerols, polymorphism, myocardial infarction, apolipoprotein A5, 14, and 616
Language:
English
Description:
High plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) are an independent risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease, with about 50 % of the final levels being determined genetically. Apolipoprotein A5 ( APOA5 ) is the last discovered member of the apolipoprotein APOA1/C3/A4 gene cluster, found by comparative sequencing analysis. The importance of APOA5 gene for determination of plasma triglyceride levels has been suggested after development of transgenic and knock-out mice (transgenic mice displayed significantly reduced TG, whereas knock-out mice had high TG). In Czech population, alleles C-1131 and Trp19 are associated with elevated levels of plasma TG and higher risk of myocardial infarction development. These alleles also play some role in nutrigenetics and actigenetics of lifestyle interventions leading to the plasma cholesterol changes as well as in the pharmacogenetics of statin treatment. On the contrary, APOA5 mutations detected in Czech population did not show strict effect on plasma TG levels. Val153 → Met variant exhibit the sex-specific effect of HDL-cholesterol levels. The suggested roles of APOA5 variants in determination of the plasma remnant particles, plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein or some anthropometrical parameters were excluded., J. A. Hubáček ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2108. Apolipoprotein AV Variants Do Not Affect C-Reactive Protein Levels in Caucasian Males

Creator:
Hubáček, J.A., Škodová, Z., Lánská, V., Stávek, P., Adámková, V., and Poledne, R.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Apolipoprotein AV, Polymorphism, Genetics, Triglycerides, Myocardial infarction, and CRP
Language:
English
Description:
The important role of APOAV gene variants in determination of plasma triglyceride levels has been shown in many population studies. Recently, an influence of APOAV T-1131>C polymorphism on C-reactive protein (CRP) in young Korean males has been reported. We have therefore analyzed a putative association between T-1131>C, Ser19>Trp and Val153>Met APOAV variants (PCR and restriction analysis) and CRP concentrations in 1119 Caucasian males, aged between 28 and 67 years (49.2±10.8 years). The frequency of C allele carriers was lower in Caucasians than in Koreans (15.5 % vs. 46.2 %). CRP levels did not differ between T/T homozygotes (n=946, 1.61±2.05 mg/l) and carriers of the C allele (n=173, 1.67±1.95 mg/l). Thus, in contrast to Korean males, T-1131>C APOAV variant has no effect on plasma concentrations of CRP in a large group of Caucasian males. Other APOAV variants (Ser19>Trp and Val153>Met) did not also influence plasma concentrations of CRP. APOAV variants are unlikely to be an important genetic determinant of plasma CRP concentrations in Caucasian males.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2109. Apolipoprotein B signal peptide polymorhism: distribution and influence on lipid parameters in Tunisian population

Creator:
Kallel, A., Feki, M., Elasmi, M., Souissi, M., Sanhaji, H., Omar, S., Haj Taieb, S., Jemaa, R., and Kaabachi, N.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, biochemie, lipidy, polymorfismus, biochemistry, lipids, polymorphism, Tunisko, Tunisia, apolipoprotein, signální peptid, apo B gene, signal peptide, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Apolipoprotein B (apo B) is the major protein component of LDL, VLDL and chylomicrons. Numerous polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B gene have been described. Particularly, the insertion/deletion polymorphism located in the coding part of the signal peptide of apo B, associated with modification of lipid concentrations and the risk of cardiovascular disease, has been reported in the general population. No such study in the Tunisian population has been performed. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of insertion/deletion polymorphism of the apolipoprotein B gene on lipid levels in a sample of the Tunisian population. A total of 458 unrelated subjects (321 men and 137 women) were included. The insertion/deletion polymorphism was determined by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels after PCR amplification. The relative frequencies of the Ins and Del alleles were 0.74 and 0.26, respectively. These frequencies were similar to those found in other Caucasian populations. There was no significant difference in serum TC, TG, and HDL-C levels due to the influence of the genotypes. However, significant variation among the three genotypes was seen for LDL-cholesterol (p<0.001) and apo B (p<0.001) levels. Individuals homozygous for the Del allele had higher levels than individuals homozygous for the Ins allele, while individuals heterozygous for both alleles exhibited intermediate levels. When the data were analyzed in men and women separately, a similar effect was seen in both groups. Our results show that distribution of apo B insertion/deletion polymorphism in Tunisians is similar to other Caucasian population and confirm the reported association with serum LDL-cholesterol and apo B concentrations., A. Kallel, M. Fekl, M. Elasmi, M. Souissi, H. Shanhaji, S. Omar, S. Haj Taieb, R. Jemaa, N. Kaabachi., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2110. Apolipoprotein E and apolipoprotein CI polymorphisms in the Czech population: almost complete linkage disequilibrium of the less frequent alleles of both polymorphism

Creator:
Hubáček, J. A., Jan Piťha, Věra Adámková, Zdenka Škodová, Věra Lánská, and Rudolf Poledne
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, cholesterol, Češi, Czechs, apolipoprotein E, apolipoprotein CI, genetic polymorphism, Czech population, Triglycerides, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Apolipoproteins E and CI are the predominant components of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The genes are located in one gene cluster and both are polymorphic. Three allelic (ε2, ε3 and ε4) polymorphisms of the APOE gene influence plasma cholesterol levels. The distribution of these alleles differ between ethnic groups. PCR genotyping was used to determine the APOE and APOCI allele incidence in a representative group of 653 probands (302 men and 351 women) of Czech origin. The observed relative frequencies for the ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles were 7.1 %, 82.0 % and 10.9 %, respectively, and are similar to other middle European populations. APO ε4 carriers have the highest and APO ε2 carriers the lowest levels of plasma total cholesterol (p<0.0001) and LDL cholesterol (p<0.0001). The frequency of the insertion (I) allele (HpaI restriction site present) of the APOCI polymorphism was 18.5 %. APOCI I/I homozygotes have the highest level of triglycerides (p<0.003). An almost complete linkage disequilibrium of the insertion allele of APOCI with the APOE alleles ε2 and ε4 has been detected and suggests that the deletion in the APOCI gene probably follows the deriving of all three APOE alleles on the APO ε3 allele background., J. A. Hubáček, J. Piťha, V. Adámková, Z. Škodová, V. Lánská, R. Poledne., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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