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1102. Mezinárodní den epilepsie
- Creator:
- Olivová, Jana
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Patologie. Klinická medicína, Fyziologický ústav (Akademie věd ČR), Mezinárodní den epilepsie (2015 : Praha, Česko), věda a společnost, epilepsie, science and society, epilepsy, 14, and 616
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Epilepsie je složité neurologické onemocnění s mnoha projevy, jímž v České republice trpí na 80 tisíc lidí; v celosvětovém měřítku se toto číslo pohybuje kolem neuvěřitelných 50 milionů. V řadě případů je příčina neznámá. Pacienty však netrápí jen sama choroba a její příznaky - což nemusí být pouze záchvaty, ale také další projevy včetně úzkostí, deprese, poruch paměti, pozornosti, chování atd. Život jim ztěžuje též určitá stigmatizace, jelikož společnost stále ještě vnímá toto onemocnění značně nepříznivě. and Jana Olivová.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1103. Microalbuminuria versus brain natriuretic peptide in cardiac hypertrophy of hypertensive rats
- Creator:
- Saliba, Y., Chouery, E., Mégarbané, A., Jabbour, H., and Farès, N.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hypertenze, hypertension, microalbuminuria, brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac hypertrophy, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The objective of this study was to assess a possible link between microalbuminuria (MA), a major ri sk factor of the cardiorenal syndrome and the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a marker of cardiac hypertrophy. Two kidney-one clip (2K-1C) renovascular hypertension was induced in 24 male Wistar rats (weighing 220-250 g). Rats were randomized into four groups for 8 weeks: Sham, not treated; Bos, treated with bosentan; Cap, treated with captopril; Bos/Cap, treated with both drugs. Blood pressure, plasma BNP and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) concentrations, microalbuminuria and creatininemia as well as cardiac mass, BNP, α- and β-myosin heavy chain (MHC) gene expression and kidney histology were determined. Following stenosis, Sham rats developed hypertension (p<0.001), an increase in BNP (p<0.05) and TGF-β1 (p<0.005) concentrations, creatinine levels (p<0.001), and urinary albumin (p<0.001). Under drug treatment, decreases in blood pressure (p<0.001), creatinine levels (p<0.05), plasma TGF-β1 (p<0.005) and BNP (p<0.05) concentrations, were co ncomitant with the absence of MA which was significantly correlated with reductions in cardiac mass (p<0.05) and hypertrophy markers (BNP and β-MHC gene expression) (p<0.005) as well as in renal fibrosis. These findings suggest a potential link between microalbuminuria evolution and BNP as well as a possible effect of microalbuminuria-lowering therapy on halting the progression, or even inducing the regression of cardiac hypertrophy., Y. Saliba, E. Chouery, A. Mégarbané, H. Jabbour, N. Farès., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1104. Microarray analysis of normal and abnormal chick ventricular myocardial development
- Creator:
- Krejčí, E., Pesevski, Z., Dealmeida, A. C., Mrug, M., Fresco, V. M., Argraves, W. S., Barth, J. L., Cui, X., and David Sedmera
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, gene chip array, chick embryo, left atrial ligation, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The left and right ventricle originate from distinct parts of the cardiac tube, and several genes are known to be differentially expressed in these compartments. The aims of this study were to determine developmental differences in gene expression between the left and right ventricle, and to assess the effect of altered hemodynamic loading. RNA was extracted from isolated left and right normal chick embryonic ventricles at embryonic day 6, 8, and 10, and from day 8 left atrial ligated hearts with hypoplastic left and dilated right ventricles. cRNA was hybridized to Affymetrix Chicken Genome array according to manufacturer protocols. Microarray analysis identified 302 transcripts that were differentially expressed between the left and right ventricle. Comparative analysis detected 91 genes that were different in left ventricles of ligated hearts compared to age-matched ventricles, while 66 were different in the right ones. A large number of the changes could be interpreted as a delay of normal maturation. The approach described in this study could be used as one of the measures to gauge success of surgical procedures for congenital heart disease and help in determining the optimal time frame for intervention to prevent onset of irreversible changes., E. Krejčí, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1105. Microcirculation in pregnancy
- Creator:
- Abdo, I., George, R. B., Farrag, M., and Černý, V.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, těhotenství, preeklampsie, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, preeclampsia, microcirculation, gestational, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The microcirculation, like all physiological systems undergoes modifications during the course of pregnancy. These changes aid the adaption to the new anatomical and physiological environment of pregnancy and ensure adequate oxygen supply to the fetus. Even though the microcirculation is believed to be involved in major pregnancy related pathologies, it remains poorly understood. The availability of safe and non-interventional technologies enabling scientists to study the intact microcirculation of the pregnant patient will hopefully expand our understanding. In this article we review the physiological changes occurring in the microcirculation during pregnancy and the role of the microcirculation in gestational related pathologies. We will also describe the available techniques for the measurement and evaluation of the microcirculation. Lastly we will highlight the possible fields in which these techniques could be utilized to help provide a clearer view of the microcirculation in the pregnant woman., I. Abdo, R. B. George, M. Farrag, V. Cerny, C. Lehmann., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1106. Microinjection of salusin-β into the nucleus tractus solitarii inhibits cardiovascular function by suppressing presympathetic neurons in rostral ventrolateral medulla in rats
- Creator:
- Lu, Y., Wu, Y. S., Chen, D. S., Wang, M. M., Wang, W. Z., and Yuan, W. J.
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, neurony, physiology, neurons, salusin, medulla, baroreflex, presympathetic neuron, rat, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Salusin-β is newly identified bioactive peptide of 20 amino acids, which is widely distributed in hematopoietic system, endocrine system, and the central nervous system (CNS). Although salusin- β extensively expressed in the CNS, the central cardiovascular functions of salusin-β are unclear. Our main objective was to determine the cardiovascular effect of microinjection of salusin-β into the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) in anesthetized rats. Bilateral or unilateral microinjection of salusin-β (0.94-94 μg/rat) into the NTS dose-dependently decreased blood pressure and heart rate. Bilateral NTS microinjection of salusin-β (9.4 μg/rat) did not alter baroreflex sensitivity. Prior application of the glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenic acid (0.19 μg/rat, n=9) into the NTS did not alter the salusin-β (9.4 μg/rat) induced hypotension and bradycardia. However, pretreatment with the GABA receptor agonist muscimol (0.5 ng/rat) within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) completely abolished the hypotension (-14±5 vs. -3±5 mm Hg, P <0.05) and bradycardia (-22±6 vs. -6±5 bpm, P <0.05) evoked by intra-NTS salusin-β (9.4 μg/rat). In addition, we found that vagotomy didn’t influence the actions of salusin-β (9.4 μg/rat) in the NTS. In conclusion, our present study shows that microinjection of salusin-β into the NTS significantly produces hypotension and bradycardia, presumably by suppressing the activities of presympathetic neurons in the RVLM., Y. Lu, Y. S. Wu, D. S. Chen, M. M. Wang, W. Z. Wang, W. J. Yuan., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1107. Microvascular endothelial cells from human omentum lack an inward rectifier K+ current
- Creator:
- Himmel, H. M., Rauen, U., and Ravens, U.
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, whole-cell voltage clamp, ion substitution, non-excitable cells, Na+ background current, chloride conductance, CA 2+ - activated K+ current, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In most macrovascular endothelial cell (EC) preparations, resting membrane potential is determined by the inwardly rectifying K+ current (IK1), whereas in microvascular EC the presence of IK1 varies markedly. Cultured microvascular EC from small vessels of human omentum were examined by means of the voltage-clamp technique to elucidate the putative role of IK1 in maintaining resting membrane potential. Macrovascular EC from human iliac artery and bovine aorta served as reference. Human omentum EC showed an outwardly rectifying current-voltage relation. Inward current was hardly sensitive to variations of extracellular [K+] and Ba2+ block suggesting lack of IK1. However, substitution of extracellular [Na+] and/or [Cl-] affected the current-voltage relation indicating that Na+ and Cl- contribute to basal current. Furthermore, outward current was reduced by tetraethylammonium (10 mM), and cell-attached recordings suggested the presence of a Ca2+-activated K+ current. In contrast to human omentum EC, EC from human iliac artery and bovine aorta possessed inwardly rectifying currents which were sensitive to variations of extracellular [K+] and blocked by Ba2+. Thus, the lack of IK1 in human omentum EC suggests that resting membrane potential is determined by Na+ and Cl- currents in addition to K+ outward currents., H. M. Himmel, U. Rauen, U. Ravens., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1108. Microvascular reactivity in patients with hypercholesterolemia: the effect of lipid lowering treatment
- Creator:
- Tomáš Štulc, Zdislava Kasalová, Martin Prázný, Michal Vrablík, Jan Škrha, and Richard Češka
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hypercholesterolémie, endoteliální dysfunkce, hypercholesterolemia, endothelial dysfunction, microcirculation, cholesterol lowering, laser-doppler, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Impaired NO-dependent vasodilation of resistance vessels is an early marker of an increased risk of atherosclerosis; utility of the examination of microcirculation, however, is far less established. We have therefore tested the hypothesis that hypercholesterolemia is associated with an impaired microvascular reactivity and that this defect is at least partially reversible by lipid-lowering treatment. Twenty-seven otherwise healthy patients with severe hypercholesterolemia (HLP) were examined at rest and then after 10 weeks of atorvastatin treatment (20 mg/day). Skin microvascular reactivity (MVR) was examined by laser-Doppler flowmetry. Baseline MVR values of the studied group were compared to healthy control subjects, HLP patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. MVR was normal in HLP subjects without CAD. On the contrary, MVR was impaired in HLP patients with CAD. There was no effect of atorvastatin on MVR, despite the profound reduction of serum lipids. MVR values did not correlate with cholesterol levels. In diabetic subjects, the MVR was substantially impaired only in patients with retinopathy. In the subjects without retinopathy, MVR was either normal (type I diabetes) or moderately impaired (type II diabetes). MVR was thus normal in HLP patients without manifest vascular disease and was not influenced by lipid lowering therapy. Impairment in the MVR was only evident in subjects with HLP and severe CAD. These results suggest that microcirculation is not involved in the early vascular dysfunction induced by HLP and that MVR rather reflects changes which appear later in the course of the atherosclerotic disease., T. Štulc, Z. Kasalová, M. Prázný, M. Vrablík, J. Škrha, R. Češka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1109. Midazolam and its effect on vital signs and behavior in children under conscious sedation in dentistry
- Creator:
- Vašáková, Jana, Dušková, Jana, Lunackova, Jitka, Drapalova, Klara, Zuzankova, Lucie, Stárka, Luboslav, Dušková, Michaela, and Broukal, Zdeněk
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- děti, midazolam, children, conscious sedation, vital signs, dentistry, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Midazolam is a short acting sedative with small number of adverse effects. Administered orally, it is currently the most common form of conscious sedation in children. The objective of this paper is to describe effect of midazolam administered to children during dental treatment on their vital signs, and to monitor changes in children’s behavior. We described values of vital signs and behavior in 418 sedations conducted in 272 children between 1-12 years of age. To achieve the following results, we used data from 272 all first-time sedations. After administration of midazolam arterial blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation decreased by values which were not clinically significant. The heart rate increased, with values staying within the limits of physiological range. The speed of onset of midazolam’s clinical effects depends on age and dose. The lower age and dose correlated with the higher behavior score. The effectiveness of midazolam treatment is 97.8 %. Unwillingness of child to receive midazolam is predictor for disruptive behavior during sedation. 1.8 % of all sedation cases showed paradoxical reactions. The administration of midazolam in dose of 0.5 mg per 1 kg of child’s body weight is safe and could be recommended for dental treatment in pediatric dentistry., Jana Vasakova, Jana Duskova, Jitka Lunackova, Klara Drapalova, Lucie Zuzankova, Luboslav Starka, Michaela Duskova, Zdenek Broukal., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1110. Miesto feminizmu v tradícii sociálnej práce
- Creator:
- Bosá, Monika
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- feminismus, sociální práce, sociální hnutí, dějiny sociální práce, ženské hnutí, feminism, social work, social movements, history of social work, women's movement, tradition of social work, social work movement, "Mothers" of social work, 5, and 14
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The paper explores the close connection between social work and feminist movement and theory. He tradition and history of social work are incomplete without social workers - women activists. he aim of the paper is to examine the historical context of the professionalization of social work in close connection with the irst wave of feminism, and to interrogate positions which refuse feminist approaches in social work as marginal, ideological - not objective, or curious and even dangerous, improper. Women’s movement is one of the sources of development and professionalization of social work. Political and social activism of many outstanding women - “Mothers“ of social work - was an integral part of their professional career. his aspect of their lives is, however, all too often “forgotten“ in textbooks. he importance of pride, roots and the tradition is a fundamental aspect for every social work graduate and practitioner, especially as the status of social work in society has been falling., Monika Bosá., Poznámky, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Abstrakt a klíčová slova anglicky
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public