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1323. Ohrožení brouci CHKO Beskydy

Creator:
Procházka, Jiří and Jiří Schlaghamerský
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
article, text, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biologické vědy, biologie, brouci, chráněná území, jedle bělokorá, mrtvé dřevo, biology, beetles, protected areas, silver fir, dead wood, Beskydy (pohoří), Beskids Mountains, chráněná krajinná oblast, CHKO Beskydy, Abies alba, 2, and 57/59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Chráněná krajinná oblast Beskydy je charakteristická zachovalými pralesovitými porosty i pastvinami, jež po staletí obhospodařovali místní lidé. Množství dnes už vzácných a z krajiny mizejících biotopů představuje útočiště řady ohrožených organismů včetně mnoha druhů brouků. Významnou skupinou jsou především druhy žijící v tlejícím dřevě a pod kůrou mrtvých stromů. Díky nezanedbatelnému zastoupení jedle bělokoré (Abies alba) i množství dostupné odumřelé dřevní hmoty můžeme dodnes v beskydských rezervacích nalézt brouky, kteří již na téměř celém území České republiky vyhynuli., Well-preserved remnants of old-growth forests and pastures managed for hundreds of years are typical for this area. A substantial representation of fir trees and large volumes of decaying wood support populations of several beetle species considered extremely rare/extinct in other parts of the Czech Republic. A few species have gone extinct in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids, mainly because of the abandonment of traditional management. Other species have recently been recorded in this area for the first time., and Jiří Procházka, Jiří Schlaghamerský.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1325. On Otto Warburg, Nazi Bureaucracy and the difficulties of moral judgment

Creator:
Nickelsen, K.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Warburg, Otto Heinrich, 1883-1970, nacismus, Nazism, Německo, Germany, history of twentieth-century photosynthesis research, Nazi Germany, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Twentieth-century photosynthesis research had strong roots in Germany, with the cell physiologist Otto H. Warburg being among its most influential figures. He was also one of the few scientists of Jewish ancestry who kept his post as a director of a research institution throughout the Nazi period. Based on archival sources, the paper investigates Warburg’s fate during these years at selected episodes. He neither collaborated with the regime nor actively resisted; he was harrassed by bureaucracy and denunciated to the secret police, but saved by powerful figures in economy, politics, and science. Warburg reciprocated this favour with problematic testimonies of political integrity after 1945. Warburg’s case, thus, defies wellestablished notions of how scientists in Germany lived and worked during the Nazi regime, and, therefore, helps provide a more nuanced perspective on this theme., K. Nickelsen., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1326. On oxygen production by photosynthesis: a viewpoint

Creator:
Borisov, A. Yu. and Björn, L. O.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sluneční záření, solar radiation, net primary production, oceanic oxygen production, terrestrial oxygen production, Govindjee, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
In this brief communication we provide an estimate of the part of the incident solar energy used for oxygen evolution as well as the time, in years, needed for the generation of the present amount of molecular oxygen in the biosphere by photosynthesis on land and in the ocean. We find this to be ~3,000 yr. We also find that the ocean produces 22% more oxygen than the land surface., A. Yu. Borisov, L. O. Björn., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1327. On the quantitative relation between dark kinetics of NPQ-induced changes in variable fluorescence and the activation state of the CF0·CF1·ATPase in leaves

Creator:
Vredenberg, W. J.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
systémová analýza, fluorescence, kinetika, system analysis, kinetics, CF0·F1·ATPase, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, nonphotochemical quenching, Kautsky fluorescence induction curve, quenching mechanisms, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
The variable fluorescence at the maximum Fm of the fluorescence induction (Kautsky) curve is known to be substantially suppressed shortly after light adaption due to nonphotochemical qE quenching. The kinetic pattern of the dark decay at Fm consists of three components with rates ~20, ~1, and ~0.1 s-1, respectively. Light adaptation has no or little effect on these rate constants. It causes a decrease in the ratio between the amplitudes of the slow and fast one with negligible change in the small amplitude of the ultra-slow component. Results add to evidence for the hypothesis that the dark-reversible decrease in variable fluorescence accompanying light adaptation during the P-S phase of the fluorescence induction curve is due to an alteration in nonphotochemical qE quenching caused by changes in the trans-thylakoid proton motive force in response to changes in the proton conductance gH+ of the CF0-channel of the CF0·CF1·ATPase., W. J. Vredenberg., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1328. One variable species or multiple cryptic? Mitochondrial phylogeny of Central and North American Chlosyne lacinia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Creator:
Bonebrake, Timothy C., Ward B. Watt, Perez, Alejandro, and Carol L. Boggs
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, entomologie, Salvador, El Salvador, Phylogeny, genetics, tropical, cryptic species, Melitaeini, Chlosyne, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Recent efforts to catalogue global biodiversity using genetic techniques have uncovered a number of "cryptic" species within morphologically similar populations that had previously been identified as single species. Chlosyne lacinia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), with a range extending from the Southwest U.S. to South America, is one of the most phenotypically variable and broadly distributed butterfly species in the New World. We sampled populations of C. lacinia in two temperate locations (California and Arizona) and one tropical location (El Salvador) to determine if cryptic species were present at this scale (temperate vs. tropical). We examined mtDNA sequence variation in COI, COII, the intervening tRNA (Leucine-2), 16S, 12S and an additional intervening tRNA (Valine), accounting for approximately 20% of the mitochondrial genome (3479 bp). Among all C. lacinia individuals, sequence divergence did not exceed 0.0084 compared to a 0.06 estimated divergence between C. lacinia and congener C. leanira. We also found subclade structure which did not clearly correspond to geography or subspecific designation. Though the mitochondrial phylogeny suggests a complex evolutionary history and biogeography, we demonstrate that one C. lacinia species is distributed throughout North and Central America spanning a diverse set of temperate and tropical habitats. and Timothy C. Bonebrake, Ward B. Watt, Alejandro Perez, Carol L. Boggs.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

1329. Optické mřížky na motýlích křídlech

Creator:
Jiří Křížek
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, hmyz, motýli, babočkovití, 2, and 59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Microscope images of scales from the wings of the male butterfly Apatura ilia of two forms (ilia and clytie) show parallel fibres with tiny transverse grooves. These can cause (due to the light interference) violet or blue iridescence on the wings, which normally have brown pigmentation. We examined the dependence of the sudden color changes on variable illumination and observation angles. and George O. Krizek a kol.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1330. Opuštěné vojenské prostory jako významná refugia motýlí fauny

Creator:
Vrba, Pavel
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, fauna, motýli, vojenské výcvikové prostory, 2, and 59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Abandoned military training ranges are important biodiversity refuges in the modern landscape. We surveyed 41 such areas across the Czech Republic in order to establish butterfly diversity and abundances. We found exceptionally high species richness, including many nationally-threatened rarities like Phengaris arion, Polyommatus dorylas and Zygaena punctum. We conclude that the high conservational value of these areas was maintained by the former army activities, which encouraged high habitat heterogeneity. and Pavel Vrba a kol.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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