Search

Start Over Subject archaeology

72. Příspěvek k problematice křemičitých hmot a jejich využívání v neolitu na jižní a jihozápadní Moravě

Creator:
Martin Kuča and Jaroslav Bartík
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archeologie, archaeology, Moravia, Siliceous Weathering Products, Linear Pottery Culture, Moravian Painted Ware Culture, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
According to A. Přichystal’s classifi cation (cf. 2010), siliceous weathering products are classifi ed into the SiO2 minerals group. This study presents results of the analysis of collections gathered together in southern and south-western Moravia, and contributes to their more precise petrographic and cultural classifi cation. The authors introduce a new type of local siliceous weathering products as the Malhostovice type. It is a preliminary term defi ned similarly as the Ctidružice type, Lesůňky type, etc., Martin Kuča, Jaroslav Bartík., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

73. Prostor severovýchodní brány akropole raně středověkého mocenského centra Mikulčice-Valy

Creator:
Marian Mazuch
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archeologie, archaeology, Early Middle Ages, Great Moravia, Mikulčice, Gate, Fortification, Stratigraphy, Methodics, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
The author presents a revised interpretation of the area of the NE gateway of the acropolis of the Great Moravian power centre Mikulčice-Valy and the adjacent fortification. The work is a response to a previously published picture of the overall find situation of this area (by B. Kavánová 2003), which, according to the author, does not match the infor mation available in the original documentation. The interpretation procedures clearly presented in the aforementioned monograph cannot be substantiated due to inadequate field work methods, the extent of the documentation compiled and the way in which this documentation is selected and designed This work also provides a critique of the interpre tation of the stratigraphic situation and the dating means and methods used. According to this revised interpretation, it is not possible to concur regarding the relevance of the evidence on which B. Kaváinová bases her hypothesis that there was more than one phase to the rampart. Due to this unsubstantiated interpretation, the chronology given for other settlement structures therefore lacks credibility. The text also includes a reconstruction of the passage through the fortification when the aforementioned gate was in use., Marian Mazuch., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

74. Radiouhlíkové datování

Creator:
Miriam Nývltová Fišáková
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, Radiocarbon plateau, Calibration, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
1_The cosmogenic radionuclide 14C is created in the atmosphere as the result of nuclear reactions generated by cosmic radiation. It is then oxidised in the atmosphere to take on the chemical form 14CO2, which has physical and chemical properties similar to conventional carbon dioxide. First of all, 14CO2 is formed in plant tissue through photosynthesis; then, as part of the food chain, 14C enters the bodies of herbivores and subsequently carnivores. When an animal dies, it ceases to absorb 14C from the surrounding environment and 14C activity in the corresponding sample gradually decreases due to radioactive decay. The half-life of 14C is 5730 ± 40 years, which is why this radionuclide may be used to date samples containing organic carbon. 14C may be determined by measuring its activity (using conventional methods) or using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) to determine the 14C content in a carbon isotopic mixture (now the predominant method). The resulting activities are referenced against the radiocarbon standard and expressed as conventional radiocarbon age in BP in accordance with the Stuiver-Polach convention (1977). As 14C activity was not completely constant in the past, the resulting activities must be adjusted (calibrated) using a radiocarbon calibration curve. The INTCAL09 calibration curve is now available for terrestrial samples. For the purposes of creating these calibration curves, highly precise 14C activities are allocated ages determined using other dating methods, such as dendrochronology (Stuiver et al. 1993; Reimer et al. 2009)., 2_Software such as OxCal, CALIB and CalPal may be used for the actual calibration process, and the result is generally expressed in years AD and BC, or in calibrated BP years (once again meaning prior to 1950; however, when results are expressed in this way it can often lead to confusion with the conventional radiocarbon age). Radiocarbon dating is now one of the most precise physical dating methods in archaeology, after dendrochronology., Miriam Nývltová Fišáková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

75. Revize paleolitického osídlení na dolním toku Bobravy. Hledání nových stratifikovaných EUP lokalit s podporou GPS a dat z dálkového průzkumu Země

Creator:
Petr Škrdla, Rychtaříková, Tereza, Nejman, Ladislav, and Martin Kuča
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archeologie, archaeology, Middle Danube, Moravia, EUP, Bohunician, Szeletian, Aurignacian, Levallois, surface survey, settlement strategies, stratified sites, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
The territory of Moravia is well known for its high density of Early Upper Paleolithic sites. However, the majority of sites are surface sites lacking chrono-stratigraphic data. To further our understanding of the technological development, and replacement of Neanderthals by Anatomically Modern Humans between 50-40 kya, necessitates the discovery of new stratified sites. We implemented a project aimed at discovering new EUP sites with intact sediments. Central part the Bobrava Highland is an important EUP microregion and is located on the southwestern margin of the Brno Basin. We relocated almost all previously published sites in the area and conducted surface surveys in an attempt to discover additional surface sites. At each site we recorded the artifact clusters in absolute coordinates, and searched for potential artifacts in the intact sediments, often along the edges of surface artifact clusters. We have located intact sediments at four sites previously recorded as surface sites. We found in situ artifacts at two of the sites. The developed and successfully tested survey strategy may have potential application for surveys in other microregions., Petr Škrdla ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

76. Severozápadná brána a opevnenie na predhradí hradiska Mikulčice - Valy

Creator:
Marek Hladík
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archeologie, archaeology, Great Moravia, Mikulčice-Valy, Fortification, Stratigraphy, GIS, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
The aim of this paper is to present and interpret the finding situation around so-called north-western gate in the outer bailey of the Great Moravian centre Mikulčice-Valy. In addition to the gate, this area revealed remains of a fortification wall and of a settlement, which was protected by the fortification wall. The analysed and interpreted finding situation was surveyed in 1966-1968. The first sections of the paper define the objectives of the paper (chronology, structure, decay of the fortification), introduces the method of revision processing (analysis of entities and qualities, spatial analyses in the GIS environment) and describes the finding situation revealed in the monitored area. Then, the paper focuses on the analysis of spatial relationships of documented contexts (stratigraphy). This analysis is a starting point for a discussion with hypotheses about the chronology and construction of the gate and fortification wall published by Z Klanica, Poulík and B. Kavánová in the second half of the 20th century. Finally, the paper presents an interpretation model about dating construction and decay of the fortifications in outer bailey of the Mikulčice agglomeration., Marek Hladík., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

77. Sídliště kultury s moravskou malovanou keramikou u Slavíkovic a jeho postavení v kontextu západní periferie lengyelské oikumeny na Moravě

Creator:
Jaroslav Bartík, Milan Vokáč, Martin Kuča, Alžběta Čerevková, Lubomír Prokeš, and Miriam Nývltová Fišáková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archeologie, lengyelská kultura, radiokarbonové datování, archaeology, Lengyel culture, radiocarbon dating, Morava jihozápadní (Česko), Moravia, Southwestern (Czechia), periphery, paleoenvironment, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
The Moravian Painted Ware Culture settlement in Slavíkovice “Ostánce“ represents one of the most elaborately excavated sites in the peripheral area of western Moravia. The microregion is situated in the foothills of the Czech-Moravian Highlands at a relatively high altitude. More than forty MPW Culture sites have been recorded, mostly corresponding to its younger phase. The current study presents the results of recent surface surveys as well as minor detective and rescue probing. Apart from the large number of finds, a radiocarbon date has assisted in placing the site within the absolute chronology framework of the Moravian MPW Culture (Kuča et al. 2012). A detailed analysis of the archaeological findings allowed comparisons to other similarly dated sites in the area of interest and with the other peripheral regions in south-western Moravia (Bartík 2014a, 22, fig. 6). An attempt at reconstructing the paleoclimate forms an integral part of this study., Jaroslav Bartík, Milan Vokáč, Martin Kuča, Alžběta Čerevková, Lubomír Prokeš, Miriam Nývltová Fišáková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

78. Sídliště ve Studénce v kontextu osídlení kultury s lineární keramikou v Oderské bráně

Creator:
Vratislav Janák, Aleš Knápek, and Papáková, Kateřina
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archeologie, archaeology, Odra Gate, Linear Pottery Culture, short duration settlement, Cracow Cz˛estochowa Jurassic chert, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
1_A disturbed Linear Pottery Culture pit was investigated in 2007 at Studénka – “Záhumení”. A rescue excavation was carried out in April 2010. Twelve sunken features were excavated. Recovered material included 775 pottery fragments, 105 stone artefacts, as well as ceramic weights, a fragment of a stone weight used in a fishing net, a flat hoof axe, etc. The ceramics can be dated to the IIb LPC settlement phase. Lithic analysis suggests that this was a secondary processing site. The Cracow Cz˛estochowa Jurassic chert accounts for a very high proportion of lithics (85.7 %) - the highest proportion of any statistically significant assemblage in Moravia and Czech and Polish Silesia. Only few pieces of the local erratic flint are present (8.6 %). Studénka - "Záhumení" as well as other (at least two) similar sites (e.g. Bravantice – has been partly investigated, 81 % of raw material is Cracow Cz˛estochowa Jurassic chert) form a chain of sites (microregion), located in several-kilometer intervals near the Oder River, although they do not appear to be linked to the river. Each site is located independently of each other on a left-hand short tributary and gives the impression of an initial settlement which did not grow further. A chain of sites predisposes left-bank route of long-distance communication deduced for later prehistoric period and early Middle Ages., 2_It probably developed during the height of Cracow Cz˛estochowa Jurassic chert transport to Moravia or even to Silesia, during the LPC II phase, and subsequently declined during the LPC III phase. The purpose of the sites was to participate in raw material transport. This pattern probably emerged in the Opava region, but it may also have originated in the Beˇcva Gate or Cracow regions. The left-bank settlement has evidently no connection with the contemporaneous LPC settlement on the other side of the river (at the microregions and cadasters Štramberk Blahutovice, located 15–20 km), where the presence silicites Cracow Cz˛estochowa Jurassic form an exception., Vratislav Janák, Aleš Knápek, Kateřina Papáková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

79. Sites of memory. Between scientific research and collective representations, edd. Jana Maříková-Kubková - Nathan Schlanger - Sonia Lévin

Creator:
Tomáš Klír
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archeologie, archeologické výzkumy, interdisciplinární aspekty, paměť, archaeology, excavations (archaeology), interdisciplinary aspects, memory, 8, and 904
Language:
Czech
Description:
[autor recenze] Tomáš Klír.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

80. The Hlinsko - Kouty I site and the only stratified aurignacian-like assemblage with a bifacial triangular point in Moravia

Creator:
Demidenko, Yuri E, Petr Škrdla, and Jios-Garaizar, Joseba
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
archeologie, archaeology, Morava (Česko), Moravia (Czechia), carinated burin-cores, bifacial triangular point, Míškovice-type, Morava-type Aurignacian, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
A salvage excavation carried out in Hlinsko quarry in 2006 yielded a collection of Aurignacian-like artifacts supplemented by a bifacial triangular point. Recently, a refitting attempt documented on-site reduction of a carinated burin-core and shaping/thinning of the bifacial point. Subsequently, a use-wear study supported the homogeneity of the assemblage. The assemblage relates to the Morava-type Aurignacian (B. Klíma) or Míškovice-type Upper Paleolithic industry (M. Oliva) previously known in Moravia for lithic assemblages originating only from surface find spots. At the same time, some similar excavated Upper Paleolithic assemblages combining Aurignacian-like and Szeletian-like features are also known in Eastern Europe., Yuri E. Demidenko, Petr Škrdla, Joseba Rios-Garaizar., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public