The Czech Society for Histo- and Cytochemistry is a successor of The Czechoslovak Society for Histo- and Cytochemistry founded in 1966. The Society provides an interdisciplinary forum to support a study of the relationships among the structure, chemical composition and function in cells and tissues by histochemical, immunohistochemical and cytochemical methods. The Society encourages its members in the development and improvement of histochemical, immunohistochemical, and cytochemical methods used to discover the content and function of the tissue and cellular systems in situ and the application of the methods for diagnostics. and Jaroslav Mokrý.
In the present study, the effect of polycyclic musk compound tonalide (AHTN) in two concentrations was studied in male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792). A feeding trial was conducted with AHTN incorporated into feed granules. One concentration was environmentally relevant (854 µg/kg); the second one was 10× higher (8699 µg/kg). The fish were fed twice a day with the amount of feed at 1 % of their body weight. After an acclimatization period, the experimental phase in duration of six weeks followed. At the end of the experiment, fish were sampled and the biometrical data were recorded. Subsequently, hematological and biochemical tests, histopathological examination, analysis of oxidative stress markers and evaluation of endocrine disruption using plasma vitellogenin were performed. In conclusion, an increase of hematocrit for both AHTN concentrations was found, but no significant changes were observed in biochemical profile. Moreover, AHTN caused lipid peroxidation in caudal kidney tissue, which was confirmed by histopathological images. The long-lasting AHTN exposure could thus be harmful for maintaining homeostasis in the rainbow trout organism. However, the vitellogenin concentration seemed not to be affected by AHTN.
This study evaluated the subacute morphologic alterations in renal artery wall and renal nerves in response to catheter-based renal denervation (RDN) in sheep and also compared the efficiency of single-point and multiple-point ablation catheters. Effect of each ablation catheter approved for the clinical use (Symplicity FlexTM, Medtronic, Inc., or EnligHTNTM, St. Jude Medical, INC.) was compared to intact contralateral renal artery in 12 sheep by histopathology and immunohistochemistry evaluation after a 10-day period post-RDN procedure. The safety was verified by extensive evaluation of kidney morphology. Vascular wall lesions and nerve injuries were more pronounced in those animals treated with multi-point EnligHTN catheter when compared with animals treated with single-point Symplicity Flex catheter. However, neither RDN procedure led to complete renal nerve ablation. Both systems, tested in the present study, provided only incomplete renal nerve ablation in sheep. Moreover, no appreciable progression of the nerve disintegration in subacute phase post-RDN procedure was observed. This study further supports the notion that the effectiveness remains fully dependent on anatomical inter-individual variability of the sympathetic nerve plexus accompanying the renal artery. Therefore, new systems providing deeper penetrance to targeted perivascular structure would be more efficient.
Copepods of the genus Achtheinus Wilson, 1908 (Pandaridae) are parasites of elasmobranchs that attach to their fins, gill slits and around the nostrils. Specimens of Achtheinus pinguis Wilson, 1912 were collected and examined using histology and scanning electron microscopy to determine their way of attachment to the host and the possible effect on the host. They insert their antennae deep into the dermis of the shark's skin, which causes the most damage due to possible tissue compression and/or fibrosis as well as rupture of the connective tissue. Additionally, the presence of the copepod on the skin causes cell erosion of the epidermal cells and thus reduces the number of epidermal layers. The maxillipeds are used to attach to the placoid scales that cover the shark's skin and probably serve to keep the copepod and inserted antennae in position. This is accomplished by the insertion of the placoid scales into the flaccid corpus of the maxillipeds. Observed damage seems to be negligible to the shark apart from the possibility of secondary infection., Susan M. Dippenaar, Anine Jordaan., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The recently described and originally monotypic genus Discheramocephalus Johnson, 2007 from the Solomon Islands is revised. Six new species are described, illustrated and keyed: Discheramocephalus brucei sp. n. (Cameroon), D. elisabethae sp. n. (Cameroon), D. mikaeli sp. n. (Tanzania), D. stewarti sp. n. (Bolivia), D. jarmilae sp. n. (Bolivia), D. minutissimus sp. n. (Indonesia). Adults of D. minutissimus have a body length of about 400-426 µm, which is at the lower limit among non-egg-parasitoid insects. Evidence is provided that an egg size large enough to produce a viable larva is the main factor limiting miniaturisation of female insects. Females and males of egg-parasitoids are able to overcome the 400 µm threshold and reach limits of 180 µm and 130 µm, respectively. Brain size is likely the second most important factor limiting miniaturisation in insects.
Macroscopic and histological examinations of the integument demonstrate that Meriones libycus possesses a varied assortment of skin scent-glands: alveolar sebaceous holocrine mouth corner gland; branched tubulo-acinar sero-mucous merocrine gular gland; sudoriferous merocrine palmar and plantar glands; alveolar sebaceous holocrine abdominal gland and alveolar sebaceous holocrine preputial and clitorial glands. Related behavior observations on captive animals in laboratory conditions, demonstrate that this species has several patterns of scent emission and marking: the mouth-corner glands, pressed and rubbed by the forepaws, are apparently involved in individual recognition via naso-oral contacts. Runways and movements are perhaps scent-marked environment with plantar and palmar secretions. The transfer of scent from the site of production to the substrate, may help in the animal's orientation. M. libycus marks low-lying objects in its environment by rubbing them with the abdominal pad, whereas, when objects are higher, the animal marks them with the gular area. The deposit of olfactory marks are frequently investigated by conspecifics. It appears that abdominal scent marking is closely associated with social status, agonistic relationships and territoriality. the latter notion is also associated with gular scent marking. The abdominal marking behavior as well as the size of the scent abdominal gland are sexually dimorphic in favor of the male. Chemical signals of preputial and clitorial glands may convey information such as sex and reproductive status. Male castration induces an extreme atrophy of the preputial and abdominal sebaceous glandular tissues, whereas this operation has no effect on the morphology of oral, gular, palmar and plantar glandular tissues. The preputial and abdominal gland changes induced by castration, are prevented by testosterone administration. these suggest that the preputial and abdominal gland integrities are androgen-dependent in the male.
The paired eversible vesicles on the postabdomen of male T. notata are likely to play an important role in intraspecific communication and possibly in the notorious aggregation behaviour of these flies at buildings in autumn. The morphological and histological study of these organs provides new evidence supporting the hypothesis that they are pheromone glands. They also constitute a strong optical signal. A detailed survey of these structures could provide the bases for targeted control methods.
The animal osteological material from Přerov –
Horní náměstí 19, 20 comes from the 1990 and 1998 rescue excavations. Throughout the 10th / 11th / 12th centuries, domesticated species predominate over wildlife. Hunting and fishing were only an additional source of
livelihood. Common mammalian domesticated species were represented by: horses, cattle, pig, sheep, goats,
dogs, domesticated chickens and geese. The dominant role was played by cattle, sheep/goats, pigs and chickens. According to the number of bones and individuals, cattle and sheep/goats predominated over pigs during
the reference periods in this locality. The predominance of cattle and ruminants over pigs is rare, in general
cattle and pigs represent the greatest part of osteological collections from early medieval excavations. This
phenomenon could be related only to economic habits (proximity of suitable pastures), or possibly a suitable
grazing climate. The composition of domesticated fauna (predominance of ruminants) is relatively rare in the
monitored periods. Cattle and domesticated pigs dominated in the contemporary central places in Bohemia,
Poland and Germany, but small ruminants were in a minority everywhere. Although we do not have enough
data on the actual share of different domesticated animals concerning bone weight in the available publications, it can be assumed that the dominant food source was mostly domesticated animals. Among the species
of wildlife, the most remains come from carp, deer, followed by roe deer, wild pigs and ducks. For the first
time in this period (until the middle of the 11th century), here is evidence of hunting and eating songbirds.
The height at withers of the domesticated species correspond to dimensions of animals in other localities of
the same period. From the point of view of gender, females dominated. A higher proportion of females may
indicate that these animals were used for the production of chicks, milk, lambs and wool.
A species not identifiable with any of the about 23 Myxobolus species recorded from the common carp so far, was detected in the gills of one- and two-summer-old specimens of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) cultured in pond farms in Hungary. The strictly tissue-specific plasmodia of the parasite were located, surrounded by hyaline cartilage cells, in the chondrous substance of the terminal parts of the gill arches and in the cartilage structure vcntrally connecting the gill arches. The spores of the parasite described as Myxobolus intrachondrealis sp. n. developed in globular or ellipsoidal plasmodia measuring 300-600 pm. By their elongated ellipsoidal shape and similarly elongated polar capsules the spores were well distinguishable from the hitherto described Myxobolus species parasitic in the common carp and also from the cartilage-parasitic Myxobolus species of other fishes.
Two species of Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882 were found in yellow catfish Tachysurus fulvidraco (Richardson). A species of Myxobolus infecting the gills was morphologically identified as Myxobolus voremkhai (Akhmerov, 1960) and it was characterised here with additional morphological and molecular data. The other species of Myxobolus infecting the host's skin did not conform to any known myxosporean species. It is characterised by the presence of round, black or milky white plasmodia with black spots. Myxospores are pyriform in frontal view and lemon-shaped in lateral view, measuring 12.9-16.2 μm (14.6 ± 0.7 μm) in length, 8.1-10.8 μm (9.4 ± 0.5 μm) in width, and 6.1-8.1 μm (7.0 ± 0.4 μm) in thickness. Two ampullaceous polar capsules are slightly unequal in size, larger polar capsule 7.2-9.5 μm (7.9 ± 0.4 μm) long by 3.0-3.9 μm (3.5 ± 0.2 μm) wide, smaller capsule 6.9-8.0 μm (7.4 ± 0.3 μm) long by 2.9-3.9 μm (3.4 ± 0.2 μm) wide. Polar filaments are coiled with seven to nine turns. Histologically, the plasmodia develop in the stratum spongiosum of skin dermis, resulting in epithelial cell shedding and immunological cell infiltration. Given the morphological and molecular differences between this species and other species of Myxobolus, we proposed the name of Myxobolus pseudowulii sp. n. for this parasite from the skin of yellow catfish. Interestingly, some spores of the new species possess Henneguya-like caudal appendages. Phylogenetically, M. pseudowulii sp. n. and M. voremkhai infecting yellow catfish group together in one clade with other parasites of Siluriformes, indicating that parasites clustering according to the fish host order may be an important factor affecting the evolution of species within the Myxobolus clade., Bo Zhang, Yanhua Zhai, Yang Liu, Zemao Gu., and Obsahuje bibliografii