Východisko a cíl: Prognóza inoperabilního karcinomu jícnu je velmi závažná, léčba těchto pacientů je paliativní. Cílem sdělení je retrospektivní hodnocení intraluminální brachyterapie vysokým dávkovým příkonem nádorové stenózy inoperabilního karcinomu jícnu. Pacienti a metody: Od února 1996 do června 2011 bylo intraluminální brachyterapií léčeno 41 pacientů s karcinomem jícnu, z toho v 19 případech se jednalo o dlaždicobuněčný karcinom a ve 22 případech o adenokarcinom. U všech pacientů byla před zahájením brachyterapie přítomna dysfagie. Výsledky: U většiny pacientů došlo po brachyterapii k úlevě polykacích obtíží. Medián doby přežití činil 396 dní (95 % CI: 270–492 dní). Nebyla pozorována mechanická komplikace zavedení brachyterapeutického aplikátoru. Závěr: Intraluminální brachyterapie je účinná a bezpečná paliativní metoda léčby dysfagie způsobené nádorovou stenózou jícnu. Background and purpose: The prognosis of inoperable carcinomas of esophagus is poor, and therapeutic efforts are generally limited to palliation. The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of intraluminal high dose rate brachytherapy in the palliative treatment of tumorous esophageal stenoses. Patients and methods: Between February 1996 and June 2011 intraluminal brachytherapy was performed in 41 patients with esophageal carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma in 19 cases and adenocarcinoma in 22 cases). All patients had dysphagia at presentation. Brachytherapy was performed using high dose rate afterloading system. Results: Dysphagia was improved in majority of patients. The median survival was 396 days (95 % CI: 270–492 days). No mechanical complication was observed during introduction of the applicator. Conclusion: Our experience indicates that intraluminal brachytherapy is an effective and safe method of palliation of dysphagia caused by malignant esophageal stenosis., Background and purpose: The prognosis of inoperable carcinomas of esophagus is poor, and therapeutic efforts are generally limited to palliation. The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of intraluminal high dose rate brachytherapy in the palliative treatment of tumorous esophageal stenoses. Patients and methods: Between February 1996 and June 2011 intraluminal brachytherapy was performed in 41 patients with esophageal carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma in 19 cases and adenocarcinoma in 22 cases). All patients had dysphagia at presentation. Brachytherapy was performed using high dose rate afterloading system. Results: Dysphagia was improved in majority of patients. The median survival was 396 days (95 % CI: 270–492 days). No mechanical complication was observed during introduction of the applicator. Conclusion: Our experience indicates that intraluminal brachytherapy is an effective and safe method of palliation of dysphagia caused by malignant esophageal stenosis., David Buka, Josef Dvořák, Jiří Petera, Linda Kašaová, Jana Bedrošová, Milan Zouhar, Petr Paluska, Igor Sirák, Igor Richter, Milan Vošmik, Zdeněk Zoul, and Literatura
Gliomy limbického a paralimbického systému představují anatomicky a tím pádem i operačními přístupy unikátní skupinu mozkových nádorů. Mikrochirurgie v kombinaci s moderními perioperačními postupy zvyšuje šance na radikální odstranění těchto gliomů. Z hlediska lokalizace je dělíme do tří základních skupin: 1. gliomy inzuly, 2. amygdalohippokampálního komplexu a 3. cingula. V minimonografii se věnujeme anatomii i funkci limbického a paralimbického systému a v návaznosti na ni představujeme ucelený pohled na jednotlivé neurochirurgické přístupy k těmto oblastem. Maximální resekce za zachování funkční integrity mozku je předpokladem následné smysluplné onkologické léčby. Taktéž prezentujeme výsledky operací našeho pracoviště ve smyslu morbidity a radikality za posledních sedm let., Limbic and paralimbic gliomas represent a unique group of brain tumors both from an anatomic and surgical point of view. Microsurgery, together with modern perioperative procedures, enables a wider extent of resection of these gliomas. Based on localization, we divide gliomas into three basic groups: 1. insular, 2. amygdalohippocampal complex and 3. cingulum gliomas. In our review, we describe the anatomy and function of the limbic and paralimbic system and in relation to that, we present a description of the specific neurosurgical approaches to these regions. Maximal resection with brain function preservation represents the basis for subsequent oncologic therapy. We also present the surgical results of our department in the last seven years with regard to morbidity and radicality. Key words: limbic system – insula – hippocampus – cingulum – glioma – resection The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers., Vědomostní test, and R. Bartoš, V. Němcová, T. Radovnický, A. Sejkorová, A. Malucelli, M. Orlický, F. Třebický, M. Sameš
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of allergic rhinitis on the success of the operation in chronic otitis surgery by using score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study; 121 patients, who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty were examined retrospectively. SFAR of all patients were recorded. The graft success rates of 26 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 95 patients with no allergic rhinitis group (NAR) were compared. RESULTS: While the graft success rate in NAR group was 89.5%, this rate was 80.8% in the AR group. However, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.311). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that allergic rhinitis decreases the graft success rate of the pathologies occurring in eustachian tube, middle ear and mastoid although statistically significant difference wasn't found. Prospective studies with larger patient groups are required in order to evaluate this pathology. and E. E. Callioglu, A. S. Bercin, H. Kale, T. Muderris, S. Demirci, A. Tuzuner, M. H. Korkmaz
Cieľ: Priblížiť problematiku spinálneho lipómu. V súbore pacientov vyhodnotiť neurologický a urodynamický stav pred operáciou a po nej. Zhodnotiť výhody profylaktického výkonu, prípadne observácie pacienta. Súbor a metodika: Autori prezentujú v retrospektívnej štúdii súbor 25 pacientov so spinálnym lipómom v lumbosakrálnej oblasti. Pacienti boli vyšetrení na Klinike detskej chirurgie LF UK a DFNsP Bratislava za trojročné obdobie. Tento súbor bol štatisticky spracovaný, vyhodnotený po neurologickej a urodynamickej stránke a určený stav pred operácii a po nej. Výsledky: Náš súbor obsahuje 25 pacientov, z toho 14 dievčat a 11 chlapcov. Operovaných bolo 22 pacientov, 21 detí jedenkrát a jedna pacientka bola kvôli zhoršovaniu neurofunkcie operovaná trikrát. U dvoch pacientov sa pooperačne neurologicky stav zhoršil, u štyroch zlepšil, u šiestich úplne vymizol neurologický deficit, u šiestich zostal nález stacionárny a u štyroch asymptomatický. Po urologickej stránke bolo 11 pacientov asymptomatických, u šiestich pacientov sa nález zlepšil, u piatich zostal stacionárny a nezhoršil sa ani v jednom prípade. Záver: Spinálne lipómy sú kontroverznou skupinou vrodených ochorení chrbtice a miechy, vďaka rôznorodým možnostiam ich riešenia. U časti pacientov dochádza napriek chirurgickej intervencii k zhoršovaniu stavu. Uvedený súbor pacientov je malý na to, aby nás oprávňoval k jednoznačným záverom. Napriek tomu si myslíme, že u mladších detí je profylaktický výkon prínosom., Aim: To introduce the topic of spinal lipoma. To evaluate neurological and urodynamic status before and after surgery in a cohort of patients. To evaluate benefits of prophylactic performance or patient observation. Methods: Authors present a retrospective study pf a set of 25 patients with spinal lipoma in the lumbosacral region. The patients were examined at the Department of Paediatric Surgery at DFNsP Bratislava within three years. The data from the cohort were statistically processed and neurological and urodynamic states evaluated. Outcomes: Our set consisted of 25 patients, 14 girls and 11 boys. 22 patients had surgery. Twenty one children had one surgery, and one girl had three surgeries due to worsening of neurological function. Neurological status of two patients worsened and improved in four patients. Neurological deficit completely ceased in six patients, another six patients had no changes, and four patients remained asymptomatic. Urological status was asymptomatic in eleven patients, it improved in six and remained unchanged in five patients. Urological status did not worsen in any patient. Conclusion: Due to diverse treatment modalities available, spinal lipomas are a controversial group of congenital diseases of the spine and spinal cord. Despite a surgical intervention, the status of some patients deteriorates. Our set of patients is too small to conclude. Nevertheless, it seems that prophylactic intervention can be suggested to younger children. Key words: spina bifida – spinal lipoma – filum terminale – spinal cone tethered cord The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers., and J. Chochol, M. Smrek, P. Bartoň, P. Sýkora, M. Kabát, J. Chochol, D. Dúbravová, E. Štefánková, L. Zábojníková, J. Trnka, F. Horn