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242. Suramin Affects Capsaicin Responses and Capsaicin-Noxious Heat Interactions in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurones
- Creator:
- Viktorie Vlachová, Alla Lyfenko, Ladislav Vyklický, and Orkand, R. K.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Dorsal root ganglia neurones, Vanilloid receptor, Capsaicin, Noxious heat, Whole-cell, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The effect of suramin, an inhibitor of G protein regulated signalling, was studied on the membrane currents induced by noxious heat and by capsaicin in cultured dorsal root ganglia neurones isolated from neonatal rats. Whole-cell responses induced by a heat ramp (24-52 °C) were little affected by suramin. The noxious heat-activated currents were synergistically facilitated in the presence of 0.3 µM capsaicin 13.2-fold and 6.3-fold at 40 °C and 50 °C, respectively. In 65% of neurones, the capsaicin-induced facilitation was inhibited by 10 µM suramin to 35±6 % and 53±6 % of control at 40 °C and 50 °C (S.E.M., n=15). Suramin 30 µM caused a significant increase in the membrane current produced by a nearly maximal dose (1 µM) of capsaicin over the whole recorded temperature range (2.4-fold at 25 °C and 1.2-fold at 48 °C). The results demonstrate that suramin differentially affects the interaction between capsaicin and noxious heat in DRG neurones and thus suggest that distinct transduction pathways may participate in vanilloid receptor activation mechanisms., V. Vlachová, A. Lyfenko, L. Vyklický, † R.K. Orkand., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
243. Svatý Václav: (psáno pro Sborník Svatováclavský)
- Creator:
- Josef Pekař
- Publisher:
- Nákladem Historického klubu
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and 44 s. ; 24 cm
- Type:
- text, volume, biography, studie, model:monograph, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Genealogie. Heraldika. Šlechta. Vlajky, Biografie, český kníže, Václav, asi 907-asi 935, 10. století, panovníci, Česko, křesťanští světci, dějiny, 929.731, 27-36, 94(437.3), (437.3), (048.8), 8, 929.5/.9, and 929
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Josef Pekař
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
244. Svatý Václav: definitivní vydání práce vyšlé r. 1929, opatřené poznámkami
- Creator:
- Josef Pekař
- Publisher:
- [s.n.]
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and 95 s. ; 25 cm
- Type:
- text, volume, biography, studie, model:monograph, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Genealogie. Heraldika. Šlechta. Vlajky, Biografie, český kníže, Václav, asi 907-asi 935, 10. století, panovníci, Česko, křesťanští světci, dějiny, 929.731, 27-36, 94(437.3), (437.3), (048.8), 8, 929.5/.9, and 929
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Josef Pekař
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
245. Taste Aversion Learning and Aging: A Comparison with the Effect of Dorsal Hippocampal Lesions in Rats
- Creator:
- Moron, I., Ballesteros, M.A., Candido, A., and Gallo, M.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Aging, Conditioned blocking, Hippocampal, Latent inhibition, Taste aversion learning, Rat, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The relationship between hippocampal function and aging was explored in Wistar rats using taste aversion learning by comparing the performance of adult dorsal hippocampal lesioned and fifteen-month-old intact rats with that of adult intact rats. In experiment 1 the conditioned blocking phenomenon was absent in the hippocampal and the aging rats. Unlike the adult intact rats, the hippocampal and aging rats were not impaired in acquiring a learned aversion to a cider vinegar solution (3 %) presented as a serial compound with a previously conditioned saccharin solution (0.1 %). In experiment 2 both the hippocampal and the aging rats developed reduced aversions to a saline solution (0.5 %) followed by an i.p. injection of lithium chloride (0.15 M; 2 % b.w.) if the taste solution was previously preexposed without consequences. This latent inhibition effect was similar to that seen in intact adult rats. In both experiments, the aging rats exhibited enhanced conventional learned taste aversions. It is concluded that aging is not a unitary process but induces both hippocampal dependent and hippocampal independent complex changes in the functioning of the neural circuits, implementing taste aversion learning., I. Moron, M.A. Ballesteros, A. Candido, M. Gallo., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
246. Teorie pravdy: (noetická rozprava)
- Creator:
- Josef Tvrdý and Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave. Filozofická fakulta
- Publisher:
- Filosofická fakulta Univerzity Komenského
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and 107 s. ; 24 cm
- Type:
- text, volume, studie, model:monograph, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Metafyzika, pravda, filozofické aspekty, 111.83, 101, (048.8), 5, and 11
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Josef Tvrdý
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
247. The Effect of an Acute Fat Load on Endothelial Function after Different Dietary Regimens in Young Healthy Volunteers
- Creator:
- Tomáš Šejda, Kovář, J., Jan Piťha, Renata Cífková, Švandová, E., and Rudolf Poledne
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Postprandial lipemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Endothelial dysfunction, DietHypertriglyceridemia, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Attention has recently been focused on endothelial function after a single high-fat meal, i.e. on the anticipated direct atherogenic effect of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Our study was designed to investigate the effect of a low-fat diet given for four weeks followed by a high-fat diet for another four weeks. At the end of each dietary period, a non-invasive ultrasound investigation of endothelial function of the brachial artery was performed along with laboratory tests. Endothelial function was measured immediately before the dietary load and after three and six hours in 11 healthy volunteers. The results were expressed as percentage of the changes in artery diameter at rest and during hyperemia; the data were processed using computer technology. When compared to the low-fat regimen, the total cholesterol content rose after the high-fat diet from 4.28 mmol/l to 5.15 mmol/l (p<0.05) in the whole group of volunteers. There was no difference between both dietary regimens in baseline triglycerides. The brachial artery dilatation under basal conditions was 5.26±2.88 mm after the high-fat diet compared with the value of 3.13±3.01 mm (p<0.05) after the low-fat diet. When measured individually endothelial function in the whole group of volunteers in the course of the day, the degree of arterial dilatation after one month on low-fat diet was 3.13±3.0 %, 3.88±2.5 % and 5.23±3.3 % at single measurement. When comparing arterial dilatation at two closest measurements, a non-significant trend, p>0.05 was seen in either case. The following values were obtained after one month on the high-fat diet: 5.26±2.9 %, 4.47±1.7 %, and 6.2±3.6 %; again showing a non-significant trend of p>0.05. In this study, a single high-fat meal at the different dietary regimen did not significantly influence the vasoreactivity of the brachial artery in young volunteers., T. Šejda, J. Kovář, J. Piťha, R. Cífková, E. Švandová, R. Poledne., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
248. The Effects of Cardiopulmonary Bypass with Hollow Fiber Membrane Oxygenator on Blood Clotting Measured by Thromboelastography
- Creator:
- Michal Horáček and Karel Cvachovec
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Blood clot, Thromboelastography, Cardiopulmonary bypass, Bleeding, Oxygenator, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In cardiac surgical patients we investigated the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with a hollow fiber membrane oxygenator on blood clotting measured by thromboelastography (TEG). We found only a minimal change in the strength of blood clot described either by the TEG parameter MA (maximum amplitude) or by the shear modulus G calculated from MA. After CPB there was also a significant tendency towards hypercoagulation as defined by shortened parameters R, K and increased ?-angle. After comparison with published data obtained in cardiac surgical patients using a bubble oxygenator we conclude that currently used extracorporeal technology exerts a less negative influence on blood clotting than had been conceived previously., M. Horáček, K. Cvachovec., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
249. The Enigma of Conditioned Taste Aversion Learning: Stimulus Properties of 2-phenylethylamine Derivatives
- Creator:
- Greenshaw, A.J., Turkish, S., and Davis, B. A.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, 2-phenylethylamine, (±)-amphetamine, Phenylethanolamine, Conditioned taste aversion, Locomotor activity, Drug levels, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The functional aversive stimulus properties of several IP doses of (±)-amphetamine (1.25-10 mg.kg-1), 2-phenylethylamine (PEA, 2.5-10 mg.kg-1, following inhibition of monoamine oxidase with pargyline 50 mg.kg-1) and phenylethanolamine (6.25-50 mg.kg 1) were measured with the conditioned taste aversion (CTA) paradigm. A two bottle choice procedure was used, water vs. 0.1 % saccharin with one conditioning trial and three retention trials. (±)-Amphetamine and phenylethanolamine induced a significant conditioned taste aversion but PEA did not. (±)-Amphetamine and PEA increased spontaneous locomotor activity but phenylethanolamine had no effects on this measure. Measurement of whole brain levels of these drugs revealed that the peak brain elevation of PEA occurred at approximately 10 min whereas the peak elevations of (±)-amphetamine and phenylethanolamine occurred at approximately 20 min. The present failure of PEA to elicit conditioned taste aversion learning is consistent with previous reports for this compound. The differential functional aversive stimulus effects of these three compounds are surprising since they exhibit similar discriminative stimulus properties and both (±)-amphetamine and PEA are self-administered by laboratory animals. The present data suggest that time to maximal brain concentrations following peripheral injection may be a determinant of the aversive stimulus properties of PEA derivatives., A.J. Greenshaw, S. Turkish, B.A. Davis., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
250. The H- and T-Reflex Response Parameters of Long- and Short-Distance Athletes
- Creator:
- Ozmerdivenli, R., Bulut, S., Urat, T., and Ahmet Ayar
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, H-reflex, T-reflex, Athlete, Electromyography, Training, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- It is well known that the training level of a muscle belongs to the parameters that affect the H-reflex response amplitude. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of training type on H- and T-reflex response parameters. For this purpose, 20 long-distance athletes (group I, test group), 18 short-distance athletes (group II, test group) and 20 non-trained subjects (group III, control group) were involved in this study in which the H- and T-reflex amplitude and latency values were measured. The H-reflex amplitude and latency values found in groups I, II and III were 3.64±0.28 mV and 26.88±1.45 ms, 3.17±0.26 mV and 26.19±1.89 ms, and 6.07±0.34 mV and 26.77±1.32 ms, respectively. The T-reflex amplitude and latency values of the groups I, II and III were 3.30±0.18 mV and 32.01±1.02 ms, 3.11±0.20 mV and 31.47±1.16 ms, 4.24±0.21 mV and 31.47±1.16 ms, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to latencies of H- and T-reflexes (p>0.05). In both test groups, the amplitudes of the H-reflex and T-reflex were significantly smaller than the control group (p<0.05). The results of this study suggest that training of muscles affect the H- and T-reflex response parameters., R. Ozmerdivenli, S. Bulut, T. Urat, A. Ayar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public