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582. Abortiva - medikamentózní ukončení těhotenství
- Format:
- braille, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, informační letáky pro pacienty, and TEXT
- Subject:
- mifepriston--aplikace a dávkování and abortiva steroidní--aplikace a dávkování
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
583. About our state-building
- Creator:
- Adamová, Karolina
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- state-building and herd-building
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this essay the author reflects on the subject of state-building, its interpretation and impact on the society. The government usually understands state-building differently than the opposition. The question is raised whether the development does not lead from state-building to “herd-building”, when smaller and larger groups behave like an easy-to-manipulate herd. But how can we revert this process?
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
584. About the (non)movement of heavenly bodies – some remarks to the recent jurisprudence of the Court of justice in the area of free movement of persons and to the future of the Directive 2004/38
- Creator:
- Smolek, Martin
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Court of Justice of the EU, free movement of persons, family members-third country nationals, and Directive 2004/38
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Treaty provisions on the free movement of persons do not directly address free movement of family members. The right to move to and reside in another Member State for family members of the moving EU citizens is anchored in the secondary law, namely in the Directive 2004/38. However, the Court of Justice, under certain circumstances, grants the right of residence for family members-third country nationals outside the scope of the Directive, even in the Member State of the EU citizen’s nationality, by virtue of different Treaty provisions. That brings a lot of inconsistency, legal uncertainty and, in the end, risk of injustice. This article summarizes the different legal sources of residence right for family members-third country nationals in that internal situation as adjudicated by the Court of Justice until nowadays and assesses on that background whether the time is ripe for an amendment of the Directive 2004/38.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
585. About the history and present of the right to strike in the Czech Republic
- Creator:
- Adamová, Karolina and Valentová, Vendulka
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- right to strike, coalition law of 1870, and act on colletive bargaining No. 2/1991 Col.
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The authors look into a current topic – history and present of the legal implementation of the right to strike in the Czech Republic. They introduce pieces of legislation that to some extent governed this right in the past and continue to govern it today. An important law, which established the right to strike during the Austrian-Hungarian period was the coalition act from 1870. This act was received in the Czechoslovak legal system by receiving standard No. 11/1918 Col. The article then chronologically introduces other pieces of legislation up until the present, when the fundamental document for the right to strike is the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and the Act No. 2/1991 Col. on collective bargaining. However, a law governing strikes outside of collective bargaining is still missing. This should be fixed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
586. Abrahámoviny Biologia Plantarum
- Creator:
- Jan Krekule
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, odborné časopisy, vědecké časopisy, botanika, professional journals, scientific journals, botany, 12, and 00
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The International Journal for Experimental Botany was founded in 1959 by Professor Bohumil Němec. The journal covers all branches of experimental botany ranging from molecular biology and biotechnology to whole-plant and stand functioning. and Jan Krekule.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
587. Absces mozku jako první klinická manifestace hereditární hemoragické teleangiektázie – tři kazuistiky
- Creator:
- Hanoun, George, Vybíhal, Václav, Sova, Marek, Boudný, Jaroslav, Svoboda, Tomáš, and Smrčka, Martin
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, kazuistiky, práce podpořená grantem, and TEXT
- Subject:
- hereditární hemoragická teleangiektazie--diagnóza--etiologie--terapie, absces mozku--diagnóza--etiologie--terapie, arteriovenózní malformace--diagnóza--etnologie--terapie, epistaxe--diagnóza--etiologie--terapie, mezioborová komunikace, mutace--genetika, vaskulární endoteliální růstové faktory--izolace a purifikace, receptory buněčného povrchu, anamnéza, tomografie rentgenová počítačová--metody--využití, magnetická rezonanční tomografie--metody--využití, digitální subtrakční angiografie--metody--využití, statistika jako téma, výsledky a postupy - zhodnocení (zdravotní péče), dospělí, lidé středního věku, ženské pohlaví, and lidé
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Hereditární hemoragická teleangiektázie neboli morbus Rendu‑Osler‑Weber je fibrovaskulární dysplazie s autozomálně dominantní dědičností charakteristická přítomností teleangiektázií a arteriovenózních malformací kůže, sliznic a vnitřních orgánů. Plicní arteriovenózní malformace jako zdroj septických embolů mohou zapříčinit vznik mozkového abscesu, který tak bývá prvním a často jediným projevem heriditární hemoragické teleangiektázie. V práci jsou prezentovány tři kazuistiky pacientů trpících touto chorobou, kde prvním a závažným příznakem byl vzniklý mozkový absces. Protože se jedná o relativně vzácné onemocnění, nebývá vždy zvažováno v rámci diferenciální diagnostiky a tím pádem ani diagnostikováno. U každého pacienta s mozkovým abscesem je nezbytné na toto onemocnění pomýšlet a v případě podezření je nutné jej řádně vyšetřit. Při verifikované plicní arteriovenózní malformaci je třeba ji ošetřit a zabránit tak vzniku recidivujících mozkových abscesů. Péče o tyto pacienty je komplexní a multioborová., Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia or Rendu‑Osler‑Weber disease is an autosomal‑dominant disorder that results in fibrovascular dysplasia and is characterized by telangiectases and arteriovenous malformation of the skin, mucosa and viscera. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations as a source of septic emboli may give rise to brain abscess that so often is the first and only clinical manifestation of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Three cases of patients suffering from this disease with brain abscess as the first and serious symptom are presented. Since this is a relatively rare disease, it is not always considered in the differential diagnosis and thus not diagnosed. This disease has to be considered in patients with brain abscess and, in case of a suspicion, it must be properly examined. When pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is verified, it has to be treated in order to prevent recurrent brain abscesses. Care of these patients should be comprehensive and multidisciplinary. Key words: hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia – Rendu-Osler-Weber disease – brain abscess – arteriovenous malformation – epistaxis – endoglin The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers., and G. Hanoun, V. Vybíhal, M. Sova, J. Boudný, T. Svoboda, M. Smrčka
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
588. Absence of flow-mediated vasodilation in the rabbit femoral artery
- Creator:
- Clifford, P. S., Madden, J. A., Hamann, J. J., Buckwalter, J. B., and Valic, Z.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endotel, svaly, endothelium, muscles, blood flow, conduit vessel, skeletal muscle, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The purpose of this study was to determine if there is flowmediated vasodilation of the femoral artery in response to progressive increases in flow within a physiological range observed in the in vivo experiments. Femoral artery blood flow was determined in conscious rabbits (n=5) using chronically implanted flowprobes. Resting blood flow was 8.3±0.6 ml/min and increased to 39.9±5.4 ml/min during high intensity exercise. Femoral arteries (n=12, 1705±43 μm outer diameter) harvested from a separate group of rabbits were mounted on cannulas and diameter was continuously monitored by video system. Functional integrity of the endothelium was tested with acetylcholine. The arteries were set at a transmural pressure of 100 mm Hg and preconstricted with phenylephrine to 73±3 % of initial diameter. Using a roller pump with pressure held constant, the arteries were perfused intraluminally with warmed, oxygenated Krebs' solution (pH=7.4) over a physiological range of flows up to 35 ml/min. As flow increased from 5 ml/min to 35 ml/min, diameter decreased significantly (p<0.05) from 1285±58 μm to 1100±49 μm. Thus, in vessels with a functional endothelium, increasing intraluminal flow over a physiological range of flows produced constriction, not dilation. Based on these results, it seems unlikely that flow-mediated vasodilation in the rabbit femoral artery contributes to exercise hyperemia., P. S. Clifford ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
589. Absence of sex chromatin corresponds with a sex-chromosome univalent in females of Trichoptera
- Creator:
- Marec, František and Novák, Karel
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Cytogenetics, Trichoptera, Anabolia furcata, Hydropsyche sp., Limnephilus decipiens, Polycentropus flavomaculatus, Rhyacophila sp., sex chromatin, and sex chromosomes
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Five Trichoptera species, representing four different families of three suborders, have been examined for sex chromatin status in relation to their sex chromosome system. These were Hydropsyche sp., Polycentropus flavomaculatus (Pictet), Rhyacophila sp., Anabolia furcata Brauer and Limnephilus decipiens (Kolenatý). None of the species displayed sex-specific heterochromatin in highly polyploid nuclei of the Malpighian tubule cells. Such sex chromatin is a characteristic trait of the heterogametic female sex in the sister order Lepidoptera; it is derived from the heterologous sex chromosome W. Hence, the absence of sex chromatin in somatic nuclei of Trichoptera females indicated the lack of a W chromosome in their karyotype. Correspondingly, diploid chromosome sets of the females consisted of an odd chromosome number, two sets of autosomes and one sex chromosome Z. Thus, the Z/ZZ chromosome mechanism of sex determination has been confirmed. In pachytene and postpachytene oocytes, the Z chromosome having no pairing partner formed a univalent. In Hydropsyche sp., the Z-univalent was distinct as a compact, positively heteropycnotic element. Whereas, in two other caddis-flies, P. flavomaculatus and L. decipiens, it formed a negatively heteropycnotic thread. In postpachytene nuclei of nurse cells of A. furcata, two sister chromatids of the Z chromosome separated as a result of chromosome degeneration and formed a negatively heteropycnotic pseudobivalent. The species-specific differences in pycnosis may reflect a transcriptional activity/inactivity of the Z chromosome during meiotic prophase. The absence of sex chromatin and the sex chromosome system in Trichoptera are characters in common with the "primitive" Lepidoptera. This supports a hypothesis that the commcommon with the "primitive" Lepidoptera. This supports a hypothesis that the common ancestor of both orders had a ZJZZ sex chromosome mechanism.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
590. Absence symptomů deprese u dětí po léčbě nádorového onemocnění: posttraumatický rozvoj, nebo represivně adaptivní styl?
- Creator:
- Komárková, Irena, Marek Blatný, Martin Jelínek, and Tomáš Kepák
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Psychologie, psychologie, kvalita života, deprese, psychology, quality of life, depression, děti po léčbě nádorového onemocnění, pozdní následky léčby, childhood cancer survivors, late effects, 17, and 159.9
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Cílem studie bylo posouzení přítomnosti depresivní symptomatologie u dětí po léčbě nádorového onemocnění. Soubor tvořilo 91 bývalých dětských onkologických pacientů (47 dívek) ve věku 9 - 19 let. Vyšetření depresivity bylo provedeno v rozmezí dvou až pěti let od ukončení léčby v rámci monitorování pozdních následků léčby a kvality života bývalých dětských onkologických pacientů. Výsledky byly porovnány s kontrolní skupinou dětských pacientů s chronickým onemocněním a skupinou zdravých dětí. Vyšetření depresivity bylo provedeno prostřednictvím dotazníku CDI. Přínosem studie je srovnání skupin v rámci jednotlivých subškál dotazníku CDI (špatná nálada, interpersonální problémy, nevýkonnost, anhedonie, negativní sebehodnocení) za účelem přesnější identifikace okruhu případných problémů přeživších. Bývalí dětští onkologičtí pacienti mají významně nižší hodnoty depresivní symptomatologie v porovnání s oběma porovnávacími skupinami. Signifikantně nižší míra depresivity u dětí po léčbě onkologického onemocnění byla identifikována v oblastech špatná nálada, anhedonie a negativní sebehodnocení. Ve shodě se současnými výzkumnými poznatky nabízíme několik možných interpretací získaných výsledků., Objective. The purpose of this study was to explore symptoms of depression in childhood cancer survivors. Sample and setting. The study included 91 childhood cancer survivors (47 girls) aged 9-19. Depressiveness was measured by means of the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) within a period of two to five years after treatment completion while monitoring the late effects of oncological treatment and survivors’ quality of life. The data has been compared to a group of child patients with another chronic disease and a group of healthy children (comparison groups). Hypotheses. The aim of the study was to identify whether possible differences between the individual groups of respondents manifest themselves in some specific CDI subscales and thus help better identify possible complaints among the survivors. Statistical analysis. The sum scores for the whole CDI scale and its sub-scales were compared by factor analysis of variance. Results. Former oncological patients (study group) scored significantly lower in the CDI in comparison to both comparison groups, and the analysis of individual CDI subscales has established a significant difference between the study group and the two comparison groups in relation to the Negative Mood, Anhedonia and Negative Self-esteem subscales. The lowest depressiveness scores have been explored on the specified subscales for the cancer survivor group. Study limitation. The research has the usual limitations arising from the fact that a self-report method was used. CDI data should be verified using projective testing and an interview in future research., and Irena Komárková ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public