Precise relative gravimeters achieve the internal precision about a few μGal 1, even in field conditions. Nevertheless this precision is in fact concerned with the instant of measurement and can not be confused with the accuracy of the gravity at the gravity station, which is influenced by other effects. The best approach of these two values is question of high-quality elimination of instrumental errors and time-variable disturbing effects affecting the relative gravity measurements., Martin Lederer., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Wire myograph is a device for the in vitro investigation of both, active and passive properties of arteries. Arteries from a variety of animal species, pathological states, and vascular beds were investigated using this method. We focus on the normalization procedure which is aimed to standardize experimental settings and, in part, to simulate physiological conditions. During normalization, it is determined the internal circumference of a vessel stretched to a tension that corresponds to the transmural pressure of 100 mm Hg (IC100). Once it is determined, the internal circumference is traditionally set to (0.9 ⋅ IC100). However, this constant 0.9, called also the normalization factor (NF), was experimentally determined for rat small mesenteric arteries only. Therefore, the aim of our work was to show the influence of different NFs on the passive tension and reactivity of both, rat femoral arteries (FA) an d the first branches of superior mesenteric arteries (MA). We found out that the maximal active wall tension of the FA was achieved at the NF value of 1.1, and that of the MA at 0.9. Considering the values of the active wall tension we suggest that higher reactivity and better signal-to- noise ratio in FA can be achieved when the NF is set at least to 1.0., P. Slezák, I. Waczulíková, P. Bališ, A. Púzserová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Quasi-steady state assumptions are often used to simplify complex systems of ordinary differential equations in the modelling of biochemical processes. The simplified system is designed to have the same qualitative properties as the original system and to have a small number of variables. This enables to use the stability and bifurcation analysis to reveal a deeper structure in the dynamics of the original system. This contribution shows that introducing delays to quasi-steady state assumptions yields a simplified system that accurately agrees with the original system not only qualitatively but also quantitatively. We derive the proper size of the delays for a particular model of circadian rhythms and present numerical results showing the accuracy of this approach.
This paper addresses the poorly understood patterning in the presence vs. absence of the accusative resumptive pronoun in the Czech relative clauses (RC) introduced by the absolutive relativizer co. Using both qualitative and frequency-based quantitative analysis, I investigate the distribution of the resumptive pronoun in authentic usage as attested in the Czech National Corpus. The study leads to the conclusion that the criteria that determine the distribution of the accusative resumptive pronoun go well beyond the traditionally invoked need for expressing agreement categories (gender, number) and grammatical relations (accusative object) or that the presence vs. absence of the pronoun should depend exclusively on the animacy of the relativized noun. Instead, the distribution appears to depend on the semantic compatibility between the relativized noun and the proposition expressed by the RC, reflecting a functional distinction between a determinative and non-determinative (explicative) interpretation of the RC; the former is unambiguously signaled by the bare relativizer co, the latter is available with the analytic co + resumptive pronounACC pattern as one of the interpretive options. and Článek se zabýv| problémem akuzativního z|jmena ve vztažných větách uvozených nesklonným co v češtině a hled| odpověď na dosud nezodpovězenou otázku, čím je v těchto větách přítomnost či nepřítomnost anaforického akuzativu podmíněna. Na základě kvalitativní i frekvenční analýzy korpusového materiálu docházíme k závěru, že korpus nijak nepotvrzuje tradičně postulovaná kritéria pro používání akuzativního zájmena, jimiž má být nutnost vyj|dřit gramatickou shodu s řídícím substantivem (v rodu a čísle) a gramatickou funkci ve vztažné větě (předmět) či role, kterou m| hr|t životnost řídícího substantiva (preferenční souvýskyt akuzativního z|jmena a neživotných substantiv). Rozbor autentického materi|lu naopak nasvědčuje tomu, že distribuce akuzativního z|jmena ve vztažných vět|ch s co je podmíněna sémantickou kompatibilitou mezi řídícím substantivem a propozičním obsahem vztažné věty, což se promítá do funkčního rozlišení mezi determinační a nedeterminační (explikativní) platností dané věty. Nepřítomnost anaforického akuzativu jednoznačně signalizuje funkci determinační, zatímco použití anaforického zájmena umožňuje obojí interpretaci.
Despite significant advances in medical research, plastic surgeons still face a shortage of suitable patient tissues, and soft tissue reconstruction is no exception. In recent years, there has been a rapid boom in the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in reconstructive and aesthetic surgery. ADM is incorporated into the surrounding tissue and gradually replaced by the host's collagen, thus promoting and supporting the healing process and reducing the formation of scar tissue. The main goal of this article is to provide a brief review of the current literature assessing the clinical applications of ADM across a broad spectrum of applications in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Considering the effects of alcohol on cardiac electrical behavior as well as the important role of the inward rectifier potassium current I K1 in arrhythmogenesis, this study was aimed at the effect of acetaldehyd e, the primary metabolite of ethanol, on I K1 in rat ventricular myocytes. Acetaldehyde induced a reversible inhibition of I K1 with IC 50 = 53.7± 7.7 μM at -110 mV; a significant inhibition was documented even at clinically -relevant concentrations (at 3 μM by 13.1 ±3.0 % ). The inhibition was voltage -independent at physiological voltages above - 90 mV. The I K1 changes under acetaldehyde may contribute to alcohol - induced alterations of cardiac electrophysiology, especially in individuals with a genetic defect of a ldehyde dehydrogenase where the acetaldehyde level may be elevated., M. Bébarová, P. Matejovič, M. Šimurdová, J. Šimurda., and Obsahuje bibliografii