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1973. Collage as the Principle of Mythological Thinking and Postmodern Music

Creator:
David Kozel
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
hudební estetika, musical aesthetics, hudební kompozice, composition (music), mytologie, mythology, 78.01, 78.02, 25, and (048.8)
Language:
Czech
Description:
Studie Davida Kozla je věnována formě hudební koláže ve vztahu k princpipu mytologického myšlení, stejně jako jejího použití v postmoderní hudební tvorbě., The term neo-mythologism can be used as an interpretative approach to reflect the new 20th-century music paradigm, which helps to explain changes in the understanding of basic structural elements of myth and music. The study identifies certain possible correlations between mythological thinking and music by analysing the concept of collage (bricolage). The underlying theoretical concept employed is Claude Lévi-Strauss’ structural anthropology as proposed in La Pensée Sauvage (1962). Collage is viewed as a manifestation of neo-mythologism and as a narrative in the postmodern musical discourse, which is accompanied by changes in the understanding of the essence of the musical matter and compositional techniques of composers. The compositional treatment of several different layers of the musical structure within a musical collage with a view to conveying a new meaning is in principle akin to how meaning is generated in mythological thinking through the combination of various materials., David Kozel., Rubrika: Studie, and České resumé na s. 192, anglický abstrakt na s. 181.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:private

1974. Colon submucosal microdialysis: a novel in vivo approach in barrier function assessment - a pilot study in rats

Creator:
Norbert Cibiček, Helena Živná, Zdeněk Zadák, Jiří Kulíř, Čermáková, E., and Vladimír Palička
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, biochemie, tlusté střevo, potkan, biochemistry, large intestine, Rattus norvegicus, mikrodialýza, microdialysis, colon barrier function, Cr-EDTA permeability, 2, and 577
Language:
English
Description:
During shock, prognosis of a patient depends largely on intestinal barrier function. The potency of gut epithelium to represent an obstacle to toxins is determined by the blood supply. All established methods of mucosal function determination necessitate the functional involvement of bloodstream. Microdialysis allows monitoring of extracellular substances in the gut submucosa, but its potential use for gut barrier integrity assessment is unknown. Twelve rats underwent perfusion of the descending colon either with 20 % ethanol or control medium (vehicle). Both media contained equal amounts of a radioactive tracer substance (51Cr-EDTA). Mucosal permeability for 51Cr-EDTA was assessed by microdialysate to luminal perfusate activity ratios. Sampling was performed using the colon submucosal microdialysis technique. The group subjected to ethanol treatment had profound macro- and microscopical alterations in perfused colonic segment associated with a significant increase in tracer permeability during ethanol exposure (2.354±0.298 % for ethanol as opposed to 0.209±0.102 % for control group, p<0.01), which remained elevated for 60 min after cessation of ethanol administration (3.352±0.188 % for ethanol compared to 0.140± 0.0838 % for the control group, p<0.001). Submucosal microdialysis with radioactive tracer substance can be considered a feasible and advantageous alternative of gut barrier function estimation. Parallel monitoring of local tissue chemistry with this method remains a challenge in the future., N. Cibiček, H. Živná, Z. Zadák, J. Kulíř, E. Čermáková, V. Palička., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1975. Colonisation and extinction in relation to competition and resource partitioning in acanthocephalans of freshwater fishes of the British Isles

Creator:
Lyndon, Alastair R. and Kennedy, Clive R.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Acanthocephala, colonisation, extinction, fish, persistence, and resource partitioning
Language:
English
Description:
This paper challenges two paradigms long held in relation to the ecology of parasites in freshwater systems: (1) autogenic species are poorer colonisers than allogenic ones; and (2) parasites with direct life cycles are more successful colonisers than those with complex life cycles. Using new and existing data for Acanthocephala in freshwater fish from the British Isles, it is suggested that all six species present have been able to colonise and persist successfully, in spite of the supposed limitations of their autogenic life-style. It is proposed that these parasites have overcome these limitations by a variety of means, which apply equally to all species considered. Foremost among these is the utilisation of a migratory fish host as either a preferred or a suitable host in their life cycle, allowing colonisation of new areas and rescue effects in established areas, whilst equally important is the use of a common and widespread crustacean as the intermediate host. In addition, all six species appear to exhibit resource partitioning by host at either or both the larval and adult stages, thus reducing the potential for competition and further facilitating colonisation and survival. This hypothesis is supported by data from previous studies both on acanthocephalans from Europe and North America and on other autogenic parasites. It also provides an explanation for the apparently atypical host utilisation patterns of some acanthocephalan species in areas on the edge of their distributions, notably in Ireland.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1976. Combination of different space geodesy techniques for EOP and terrestrial reference frame determination

Creator:
Štefka, Vojtěch, Jan Kostelecký, and Ivan Pešek
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, geodezie, geodesy, Earth orientation parameters, combination of space geodesy techniques, station coordinates, ITRF 2005, 7, and 551
Language:
English
Description:
The combination method of results of different space geodetic techniques gives two kinds of products. On the one hand, the Earth orientation parameters (EOP) that define the orientation of the Earth in space and, on the other, the coordinates of collocation stations by them the ITRF is realized. Obtained results are based on the method developed by authors, so called “non-rigorous” combination of the data. Approximately eight-year data was successively processed in order to obtain solutions of both products, which were then compared with the results given in ITRF 2005 solution., Vojtěch Štefka, Jan Kostelecký, and Ivan Pešek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1977. Combination of drugh elevating extracellular adenosine with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor promotes granulopoietic recovery in the murine bone marrow after 5-fluorouracil treatment

Creator:
Michal Hofer, Pospíšil, M., Lenka Weiterová, Vladimír Znojil, Vácha, J., Jiřina Holá, Antonín Vacek, and Iva Pipalová
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, granulocyty, granulocytes, 5-fluorouracil, granulopoiesis, extracellular adenosine, adenosine monophosphate, dipyridamole, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Combined administration of drugs elevating extracellular adenosine, namely dipyridamole and adenosine monophosphate, together with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was shown to enhance granulopoietic recovery in the bone marrow of mice treated with 5-fluorouracil. Enhanced regeneration was found both at the level of hematopoietic progenitor cells for granulocytes and macrophages and in the compartment of morphologically recognizable granulocyte precursors. The results might have positive clinical impact. The adjunct use of drugs elevating extracellular adenosine might reduce the cost expenditure of therapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor., M. Hofer, M. Pospíšil, L. Weiterová, V. Znojil, J. Vácha, J. Holá, A. Vacek, I. Pipalová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1978. Combined effect of irradiance and water regime on sorghum photosynthesis

Creator:
Xu, Qingzhang and Kirkham, M. B.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
crop breeding programs, drought resistance, photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), Sorghum bicolor, and stomatal resistance
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. cvs. TX430 and KS82] was grown in a Haynie very fine sandy loam (coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Mollic Udifluvents) under constant 47 % shade or full irradiance in a greenhouse under two watering regimes to see the combined and individual effects of low irradiance (LI) and low water (LW) on the sorghum genotypes. Under the high-irradiance (HI) and high-water (HW) treatment (control) and the LI-HW treatment, TX430 grew taller than KS82. Both LI and LW reduced several times the fresh and dry masses. Under the control conditions, TX430 reached its maximum net photosynthetic rate (PNmax) of 28.93 μmol m-2 s-1 at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 1 707 μmol m-2 s-1, and KS82 reached its PNmax of 28.32 μmol m-2 s-1 at a PPFD of 2 973 μmol m-2 s-1. The fact that TX430 had PNmax under a lower PPFD than KS82 may relate to its taller growth under LI conditions. Hence genotypes of sorghum might be selected for low irradiance using curves relating PN to PPFD. and Qingzhang Xu, M. B. Kirkham.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1979. Combined effects of cadmium and ozone on photosynthesis of Lycopersicon esculentum

Creator:
Degl’Innocenti, E., Castagna, A., Ranieri, A., and Guidi, L.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fotosyntéza, ozon, rajčata, kadmium, photosynthesis, ozone, tomatoes, cadmium, chlorophyll a fluorescence, de-epoxidation index, electron transport rate, gas exchange, xanthophyll cycle, Lycopersicon esculentum, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Pearson) plants were grown in growth chambers for 25 days with cadmium (Cd) and then exposed briefly to ozone (O3). Gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and pigment composition were analysed in leaves at the end of the treatment to assess the effects of a single pollutant and their combination on photosynthesis. The CO2 assimilation rate was dramatically reduced in plants subjected to the combined treatment, while the single effect of Cd appeared less severe than that of O3. The decline of CO2 photoassimilation found in all O3-exposed plants was attributed to both stomatal and nonstomatal limitations. Tomato plants seemed to detoxify Cd to a great extent, but this resulted in growth suppression. In response to O3 exposure, the plants protected their photosystems by heat dissipation of excess energy via the xanthophyll cycle. Cd combined with O3 affected adversely this cycle resulting in an increase in photosynthetic performance under the same experimental light conditions., E. Degl’Innocenti, A. Castagna, A. Ranieri, L. Guidi., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1980. Combined effects of elevated CO2 concentration and drought stress on photosynthetic performance and leaf structure of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings

Creator:
Liu, B. B., Li, M., Li, Q. M., Cui, Q. Q., Zhang, W. D., Ai, X. Z., and Bi, H. G.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
abiotické faktory, chloroplasty, elektronová mikroskopie, abiotic factors, chloroplasts, electron microscopy, mezofyl, akumulace škrobu, stomata, mesophyll, starch accumulation, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Drought stress is one of the main environmental factors limiting plant growth and productivity of many crops. Elevated carbon dioxide concentration (eCO2) can ameliorate, mitigate, or compensate for the negative impact of drought on plant growth and enable plants to remain turgid and functional for a longer period. In order to investigate the combined effects of eCO2 and drought stress on photosynthetic performance and leaf structures, we analyzed photosynthetic characteristics and structure and ultrastructure of cucumber leaves. The decline in net photosynthetic rate under moderate drought stress occurred due to stomatal limitation alone, while under severe drought stress, it was the result of stomatal and nonstomatal limitations. Conversely, eCO2 improved photosynthetic performance under moderate drought stress, increased the lengths of the palisade cells and the number of chloroplasts per palisade cell under severe drought stress, and significantly increased the grana thickness under moderate drought stress. Additionally, eCO2 significantly decreased stomatal density, stomatal widths and stomatal aperture on the abaxial surface of leaves under moderate drought stress. In conclusion, eCO2 can alleviate the negative effects of drought stress by improving the drought resistance of cucumber seedlings through stomatal modifications and leaf structure., B. B. Liu, M. Li, Q. M. Li, Q. Q. Cui, W. D. Zhang, X. Z. Ai, H. G. Bi., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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