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722. Gender differences in electrophysiological characteristics of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia originating from right ventricular outflow tract
- Creator:
- Yang, S.-G., Mikuláš Mlček, and Otomar Kittnar
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, gender, fyziologie, physiology, gender difference, electrophysiological characteristics, idiopathic ventricular, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- It has become increasingly apparent in recent years that there are important differences of many cardiovascular disorders including ventricular tachycardias in men and women. Nevertheless, so far just few studies have addressed possible gender differences in electrophysiological characteristics of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia from right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT-VT), other than epidemiological ones. This study explored possible gender differences in electrophysiological characteristics and catheter ablation outcome in RVOT-VT patients. Ninety-three patients (mean age 38.7±15.5 years, 30 males) with idiopathic RVOT-VT were enrolled and analyzed in our study. Male patients had longer QRS width (99.9±19.4 ms vs. 88.4±20.7 ms, p=0.02). Female patients had lower right ventricular mean voltage (3.0±0.7 mV vs. 3.7±0.9 mV, p=0.03), and more low voltage zone over the right ventricular outflow tract free wall (27.0 % vs. 6.7 %, p=0.02). Eighty-one patients passed catheter ablation (23 males). The acute success rate, repeated catheter ablation rate and VT recurrence rate were similar in both genders. The present study provides evidence of the gender differences in electrophysiological findings in patients with idiopathic RVOT-VT. Studies on gender-specific differences in arrhythmia could lead to a better understanding of its mechanism(s) and provide valuable information for the development of optimal treatment strategies., S.-G. Yang, M. Mlček, O. Kittnar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
723. Gender differences in the effect of prenatal methamphetamine exposure and challenge dose of other drugs on behavior of adult rats
- Creator:
- Romana Šlamberová, Macúchová, E., Kateryna Nohejlová, Barbora Schutová, Hrubá, L., and Richard Rokyta
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, opioidy, pervitin, opioids, methamphetamine, prenatal methamphetamine, behavior, laboras test, psychostimulants, cannabinoids, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim of the present study was to compare the response to acute application of several drugs in adult male and female rats prenatally exposed to metham phetamine (MA). Spontaneous locomotor activity and exploratory behavior of adult male and female rats prenatally exposed to MA (5 mg/kg) or saline were tested in a Laboras apparatus (Metris B.V., Netherlands) for 1 h. Challenge dose of the examined drug [amphetamine - 5 mg/kg; cocaine - 5mg/kg; MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) - 5 mg/kg; morphine - 5 mg/kg; THC (delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol) - 2 mg/kg] or saline was injected prior to testing. Our data demonstrate that prenatal MA exposure did not affect behavior in male rats with cocaine or morphine treatment, but increased locomotion and exploration in females. Application of amphetamine and MDMA in adulthood increased activity in both sexes, while cocaine and THC only in female rats. Morphine, on the other hand, decreased the activity in the Laboras test in both sexes. As far as sex and estrous cycle is concerned, the present study shows that males were generally less active than females and also females in proestrus-estrus phase of the estrous cycle were more active than females in diestrus. In conclusion, the present study shows that the pr enatal MA exposure does not induce general sensitization but affects the sensitivity to drugs dependently to mechanism of drug action and with respect to gonadal hormones., R. Šlamberová ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
724. Gender impact on electrophysiological activity of the brain
- Creator:
- Jana Langrová, Jan Kremláček, Miroslav Kuba, Zuzana Kubová, and Jana Szanyi
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, gender, pattern-reversal VEPs, motion VEPs, event related potentials, visual mismatch negativity, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Gender is presumed to be one of the factors causing interindividual variability in the brain’s electrophysiological parameters. Our aim was to characterize the role of gender in visual evoked potentials (VEPs), event-related potentials (ERPs), visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) and the spectral characteristics of the EEG. We examined 42 healthy volunteers (21 women and 21 men, aged 20-29 years). We measured VEPs in response to pattern-reversal and motion-onset stimulation, ERPs in an oddball paradigm and vMMN in response to a combination of motion directions presented in the visual periphery. P100 peak latency for 40’ reversal VEPs was significantly shorter in women than in men as determined using a non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. In addition, women showed higher relative EEG spectral power in the alpha band (p=0.023) and lower power in the theta band (p=0.004). Our results in this small but homogeneous group of subjects confirm previously reported gender influences on pattern-reversal VEPs and the EEG frequency spectrum. Gender should be taken into consideration in establishing norms on these measures. We found no statistically significant differences between women and men for any of the other stimuli presented., J. Langrová, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
725. Gender specific influence of fish oil or atorvastatin on functional properties of renal Na, K-ATPase in healthy wistar and hypertriglyceridemic rats
- Creator:
- Vrbjar, N., Mézešová, L., Veronika Javorková, Vlkovičová, J., Mitašíková, M., Katarína Dlugošová, Ľudmila Okruhlicová, and Narcisa Tribulová
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, pohlavní rozdíly, sex differences, sodium pump, kidney, hereditary hypertriglyceridemia, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- For better understanding of pathophysiological processes leading to increased retention of sodium as a consequence of hyperlipidemia, the properties of renal Na,K-ATPase, a key enzyme involved in maintaining sodium homeostasis in the organism, were studied. Enzyme kinetics of renal Na,K-ATPase were used for characterization of ATP- and Na+-binding sites after administration of fish oil (FO) (30 mg · day-1) or atorvastatin (0.5 mg·100 g-1 day-1) to healthy Wistar rats and rats with hereditary hypertriglyceridemia of both genders. Untreated healthy Wistar and also hypertriglyceridemic female rats revealed higher Na,K-ATPase activity as compared to respective untreated male groups. Hypertriglyceridemia itself was accompanied with higher Na,K-ATPase activity in both genders. Fish oil improved the enzyme affinity to ATP and Na+, as indicated by lowered values of K m and K Na in Wistar female rats. In Wistar male rats FO deteriorated the enzyme in the vicinity of the Na+-binding site as revealed from the increased K Na value. In hypertriglyceridemic rats FO induced a significant effect only in females in the vicinity of the sodium binding sites resulting in improved affinity as documented by the lower value of KNa. Atorvastatin aggravated the properties of Na,K-ATPase in both genders of Wistar rats. In hypertriglyceridemic rats protection of Na,K-ATPase was observed, but this effect was bound to females only. Both treatments protected renal Na,K-ATPase in a gender specific mode, resulting probably in improved extrusion of excessive intracellular sodium out of the cell affecting thus the retention of sodium in hHTG females only., N. Vrbjar ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
726. Gender-related effects on substrate utilization and metabolic adaptation in hairless spontaneously hypertensive rat
- Creator:
- Trnovská, J., Šilhavý, J., Václav Zídek, Miroslava Šimáková, Petr Mlejnek, Vladimír Landa, Eigner, S., Eigner Henke, K., Škop, V., Olena Oliyarnyk, Lazdová, L., Tomáš Mráček, Josef Houštěk, and Michal Pravenec
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, gender, metabolismus, metabolism, hairless rat, brown adipose tissue, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Cold exposure of rats leads to ameliorated glucose and triglyceride utilization with fema les displaying better adaptation to a cold environment. In the current study, we used hairless rats as a model of increased thermo genesis and analyzed gender- related effects on parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism in the spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. Specifically, we compared hairless coisogenic SHR- Dsg4 males and females harboring mutant Dsg4 (desmoglein 4) gene versus their SHR wild type controls. Two way ANOVA showed significant Dsg4 genotype (hairless or wild type) x gender interaction effects on palmitate oxidation in brown adipose tissue (BAT), glucose incorporation into BAT determined by microPET, and glucose oxidation in skeletal muscles. In addition, we observed significant interaction effects on sensitivity of muscle tissue to insulin action when Dsg4 genotype affected these metabolic traits in males, but had little or no effects in females. Both wild type and hairless females and hairless males showed increased glucose incorporation and palmitate oxid ation in BAT and higher tissue insulin sensitivity when compared to wild type males. These findings provide evidence for gender-related differences in metabolic adaptation required for increased thermogenesis. They are consistent with the hypothesis that increased glucose and palmitate utilization in BAT and muscle is associated with higher sensitivity of adipose and muscle tissues to insulin action, J. Trnovská, J. Šilhavý, V. Zídek, M. Šimáková, P. Mlejnek, V. Landa, S. Eigner, K. Eigner Henke, V. Škop, O. Oliyarnyk, L. Kazdová, T. Mráček, J. Houštěk, M. Pravenec., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
727. Gender-specific genetic determinants of blood pressure and organ weight: pharmacogenetic approach
- Creator:
- Ueno, T., Tremblay, J., Jaroslav Kuneš, Josef Zicha, Zdena Dobešová, Pausova, Z., Deng, A. Y., Sun, Y., Jacob, H. J., and Pavel Hamet
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hypertenze, farmakogenetika, hypertension, pharmacogenetics, Prague hypertriglyceridemic rat, quantitative trait locus, heart weight, kidney weight, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A total genome scan and pharmacogenetic study were designed to search for genetic determinants of blood pressure (BP) as well as heart and kidney weights. Genome scanning was carried out in 266 F2 intercrosses from Prague hypertensive hypertriglyceridemic rats for phenotypes of organ weights, baseline BP, BP after blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) by losartan, of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) by pentolinium, and of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. Pharmacogenetic analysis showed that, in males, BP was controlled by two loci on chromosomes 1 and 5 (Chr1, Chr5) through the SNS, and these loci showed a positive contribution for relative kidney weight (KW/BW). On the other hand, baseline BP in females was controlled by two loci on Chr3 and Chr7. The effect of these loci was not mediated by the RAS, SNS or NO system. These loci did not show any effect for KW/BW. Negatively-linked loci for KW/BW and relative heart weight (HW/BW) were identified on Chr2 in both genders. Another negatively-linked locus for KW/BW, located on Chr8 in males, affected BP through the SNS. This locus on Chr8 overlapped with a previously-reported modifier locus for polycystic kidney disease (PKD). In conclusion, this pharmacogenetic study determined two loci for BP and relative organ mass implicating sympathetic overactivity. Concordance of the identified locus for KW/BW and BP through the SNS on Chr8 with the PKD locus revealed the importance of this region for renal complications in various diseases., T. Ueno, J. Tremblay, J. Kuneš, J. Zicha, Z. Dobešová, Z. Pausová, A. Y. Deng, Y. Sun, H. J. Jacob, P. Hamet., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
728. Genetic isolation of quantitative trait loci for blood pressure development and renal mass on chromosome 5 in the spontaneously hypertensive rat
- Creator:
- Michal Pravenec, Vladimír Křen, Drahomíra Křenová, Václav Zídek, Miroslava Šimáková, Alena Musilová, Vorlíček, J., Lezin, E. St., and Kurzt, T. W.
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, krevní tlak, blood pressure, SHR, congenic strain, chromosome 5, renal mass, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Total genome scans of genetically segregating populations derived from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and other rat models of essential hypertension suggested a presence of quantitative trait loci (QTL) regulating blood pressure on multiple chromosomes, including chromosome 5. The objective of the current study was to test directly a hypothesis that chromosome 5 of the SHR carries a blood pressure regulatory QTL. A new congenic strain was derived by replacing a segment of chromosome 5 in the SHR/Ola between the D5Wox20 and D5Rat63 markers with the corresponding chromosome segment from the normotensive Brown Norway (BN/Crl) rat. Arterial pressures were directly monitored in conscious, unrestrained rats by radiotelemetry. The transfer of a segment of chromosome 5 from the BN strain onto the SHR genetic background was associated with a significant decrease of systolic blood pressure, that was accompanied by amelioration of renal hypertrophy. The heart rates were not significantly different in the SHR compared to SHR chromosome 5 congenic strain. The findings of the current study demonstrate that gene(s) with major effects on blood pressure and renal mass exist in the differential segment of chromosome 5 trapped within the new SHR.BN congenic strain., M. Pravenec, V. Křen, D. Křenová, V. Zídek, M. Šimáková, A. Musilová, J. Vorlíček, E. St. Lezin, T. W. Kurtz., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
729. Genetic predictors of the development and recurrence of Graves' disease
- Creator:
- Daniela Vejražková, Josef Včelák, Eliška Václavíková, Marie Vaňková, Kateřina Zajíčková, Markéta Dušková, Jana Vrbíková, and Běla Bendlová
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- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Graves-Basedowova nemoc, autoimunita, Graves' disease, autoimmunity, HLA variants, treatment, genetic predictors, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Graves' disease affects approximately 3 % of women and 0.5 % of men. The first-choice therapy is based on the administration of thyrostatic drugs. However, approximately half of patients relapse within two years of discontinuation. These patients must then decide whether to re-initiate thyrostatics, which may have serious side effects, or to undergo surgery or radioiodine treatment. Familial forms of Graves' disease indicate a significant genetic component, with twin studies demonstrating a contribution of genetic factors up to 70-80 %. The autoimmune nature of the disease involves the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, which has a decisive impact on each individual's immune response. Within HLA, some variants of the DRB1 , DQA1 and DQB1 genes appear to be possible predictors of the development and recurrence of Graves' disease. Outside the HLA region, many variants of immunocompetent genes have also been identified as potential Graves' disease predictors. Apart from the immune system, some thyroid-specific genes have been described in relation to the disease. Here, we present current knowledge regarding the genetic components involved in the development and recurrence of Graves' disease. Further, we present original pilot results from a cohort of Czech Graves' disease patients regarding the HLA variants., D. Vejrazkova, J. Vcelak, E. Vaclavikova, M. Vankova, K. Zajickova, M. Duskova, J. Vrbikova, B. Bendlova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
730. Genetic predisposition of human plasma triglyceride concentrations
- Creator:
- Schwarzová, L, Jaroslav Hubáček, and Michal Vrablík
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, polymorfismus, mutace (biologie), polymorphism, mutation (biology), triglycerides, predisposition, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The issue of plasma triglyceride levels relative to the risk of development of cardiovascular disease, as well as overall mortality, has been actively discussed for many years. Like other cardiovascular disease risk factors, final plasma TG values have environmental influences (primarily dietary habits, physical activity, and smoking), and a genetic predisposition. Rare mutations (mainly in the lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein C2) along with common polymorph isms (within apolipoprotein A5, glucokinase regulatory protein, apolipoprotein B, apolipo - protein E, cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 -like 3 , glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored HDL -binding protein 1) play an important role in determining plasma TG levels., L. Schwarzova, J. A. Hubacek, M. Vrablik., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public