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2892. Characterisation of conditional independence structures for polymatroids using vanishing sets

Creator:
Chan, Terence, Chen, Qi, and Yeung, Raymond
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
full conditional independence, markov random field, and polymatroids
Language:
English
Description:
In this paper, we characterise and classify a list of full conditional independences via the structure of the induced set of vanishing atoms. Construction of Markov random subfield and minimal characterisation of polymatroids satisfying a MRF will also be given.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

2893. Characterisation of microsatellite loci in two species of lice, Polyplax serrata (Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Polyplacidae) and Myrsidea nesomimi (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Menoponidae)

Creator:
Martinů, Jana, Roubová, Veronika, Milena Nováková, Smith, Vincent S, Václav Hypša, and Štefka, Jan
Format:
electronic, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
populační genetika, koevoluce, evoluce (biologie), population genetics, coevolution, evolution (biology), Galapágy (Ekvádor : souostroví), Evropa, Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), Europe, ectoparasite, Polyplax, Myrsidea, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Polymorphic microsatellite loci were characterised for two louse species, the anopluran Polyplax serrata Burmeister, 1839, parasitising Eurasian field mice of the genus Apodemus Kaup, and the amblyceran Myrsidea nesomimi Palma et Price, 2010, found on mocking birds endemic to the Galápagos Islands. Evolutionary histories of the two parasites show complex patterns influenced both by their geographic distribution and through coevolution with their respective hosts, which renders them prospective evolutionary models. In P. serrata, 16 polymorphic loci were characterised and screened across 72 individuals from four European populations that belong to two sympatric mitochondrial lineages differing in their breadth of host-specificity. In M. nesomimi, 66 individuals from three island populations and two host species were genotyped for 15 polymorphic loci. The observed heterozygosity varied from 0.05 to 0.9 in P. serrata and from 0.0 to 0.96 in M. nesomimi. Deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were frequently observed in the populations of both parasites. Fst distances between tested populations correspond with previous phylogenetic data, suggesting the microsatellite loci are an informative resource for ecological and evolutionary studies of the two parasites., Jana Martinů, Veronika Roubová, Milena Nováková, Vincent S. Smith, Václav Hypša, Jan Štefka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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2894. Characterisation of sphaeractinomyxon types (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) from marine and freshwater oligochaetes in a Portuguese estuary, with the demise of the endocapsa collective group

Creator:
Rocha, Sónia, Alves, Ängela, Antunes, Carlos, Fernandes, Pedro, Azevedo, Carlos, and Casal, Graça
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
kroužkovci, Annelida, Minho (Španělsko a Portugalsko : řeka), Minho River (Spain and Portugal), Myxosporea, actinospore, life cycle, SSU rRNA gene, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Six types of sphaeractinomyxon are reported from the coelomic cavity of oligochaetes collected from the Minho River estuary in northern Portugal. Four new types are morphologically and molecularly described from freshwater species belonging to the genera Psammoryctides Hrabě and Potamothrix Vejdovský et Mrázek in the upper estuary, thus significantly increasing the number of known freshwater sphaeractinomyxon. In the lower estuary, sphaeractinomyxon types 8 and 10 of Rangel et al. (2016) are recorded infecting the marine oligochaete Tubificoides pseudogaster (Dahl). A single specimen of T. pseudogaster further displayed infection by one of the four new types found in the upper estuary, suggesting the involvement of sphaeractinomyxon in the life cycles of myxosporean species that infect migratory fish hosts. The acquisition of these second hosts is proposed to have allowed the myxosporean counterparts of sphaeractinomyxon to cross environmental barriers and conquer new habitats. Phylogenetic analyses of the SSU rRNA gene reveal the four new types clustering within the monophyletic clade of mugiliform-infecting myxobolids, strengthening the previously proposed involvement of the sphaeractinomyxon collective group in the life cycles of this specific group of myxosporeans. Endocapsa types also cluster within the latter clade, having actinospores that differ from those of sphaeractinomyxon only in the presence of valvular swellings that do not change when in contact with water. In this study, however, one type was found displaying actinospores with and without valvular swellings in the same oligochaete specimen. This overlap in actinospore morphology is given as grounds for the demise of the endocapsa collective group., Sónia Rocha, Ängela Alves, Carlos Antunes, Pedro Fernandes, Carlos Azevedo and Graça Casal., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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2895. Characterisation of the luciferase gene and the 5' upstream region in the European glow-worm Lampyris noctiluca (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Creator:
Day, John C.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Lampyris noctiluca, Photinus pyralis, luciferase, transposase, DDE domain, and bioluminescence
Language:
English
Description:
Beetle luciferase, a mono-oxygenase within the AMP-binding superfamily, is synthesized by bioluminescent beetles in concentrated levels within specialised cells clustering in the abdominal light organs. In vivo expression of luciferase has been rarely investigated and little is known about the role of enhancers and promoters in the expression of this gene. In order to investigate the gene structure and potential control of gene expression the luciferase gene along with 6 kb of upstream genomic sequence was characterised from the European glow-worm Lampyris noctiluca. Three TATA box motifs and a CAAT repeat were identified, two of these were found to be conserved in two other species of bioluminescent beetle. Although no enhancer regions were identified in the upstream sequence a region coding for a putative transposase DDE domain was identified 686 bp from the start codon of the luciferase gene. Although disrupted, the open reading frame also shared extensive identity to an mRNA transcript from the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. The remnants of an ancient transposase provide support for an ancestral luciferase transposition/insertion event that may have occurred within the genome of bioluminescent beetles.
Rights:
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2896. Characteristic Enhancement of Blood Pressure V-Shaped Waves in Sinoaortic-Denervated Rats in a Conscious and Quiet State

Creator:
Chang, Huan, Gu, Hong-Xia, Gong, Min, Han, Ji-Ju, Wang, Yun, Xia, Zuo-Li, and Zhao, Xiao-Min
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Rat, Sinoaortic denervation, Nerve, Blood pressure, and Blood pressure variability
Language:
English
Description:
A hemodynamic feature of chronic sinoaortic -denervated (SAD) rats is the increase in blood pressure variability (BPV) without significant change s in the average level of blood pressure (BP). The current study was designed to investigate the changes in BP V- shaped waves (V waves) in SAD rats. Sprague -Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 2 groups: SAD rats and sham -operated rats (n=13 ). Hemodynamics measurements were obtained in conscious, freely moving rats, four weeks after sinoaortic denervation or sham operation. V wave indices were evaluated in rats in both conscious and quiet states. Additionally, n ormal and high BPV was simulate d by the production of V waves with different amplitudes. The results showed that the V wave amplitude was dramatically increased, with a significantly prolonged duration and reduced frequency in SAD rats . V wave BPV in SAD rats was significantly increased , though BP remained unchanged. The twenty -four hour BPV in all rats was positively correlated with amplitude, duration time and V wave BPV and negatively correlated with frequency. The systolic BP spectral powers in the low frequency range (0.38 -0.45 Hz) were significantly reduced in the V waves of SAD rats. Moreover, there was a remarkable increase in mean BPV and a normal mean BP after simulating high BPV in SAD rats . The se results suggest that enhancement of V waves might be a waveform character of BP in SAD rats in both the conscious and quiet states. These types of V waves appear to be related to a depression of sympathetic regulation of BP induced by sinoaortic denervation.
Rights:
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2897. Characterization and evaluation of microsatellite markers in a strain of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae), with a genetic sexing character used in sterile insect population control

Creator:
Isasawin, Siriwan, Aketarawong, Nidchaya, and Thanaphum, Sujinda
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Tephritidae, oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, microsatellites, genetic sexing strain, mating competitiveness, sterile insect technique, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is a key economic insect pest reducing fruit yield and generating constraints in the international market. The application of the sterile insect technique (SIT) continues to reveal areas where new technologies can improve the effectiveness of fruit fly control. One such advancement concerns insect strains. In the present study, a mass-reared strain of the fly with a translocation-based genetic sexing character (Salaya1) based on a brown-white pupal colour dimorphism was genetically characterized using 11 microsatellite DNA markers. Subsequently, these markers were used to evaluate the maintenance of genetic variability in the strain under mass-rearing conditions. Mating competitiveness of this strain was also tested in field cages. Two of the newly characterized Y-pseudo-linked microsatellite markers were used for strain identification in field monitoring traps. The strain was also validated in a pilot integrated pest management (IPM) programme using male-only SIT in a fruit orchard. The programme resulted in the suppression of the fruit fly population., Siriwan Isasawin, Nidchaya Aketarawong, Sujinda Thanaphum., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
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2898. Characterization and finite element analysis of lime and polymer treated ultra-soft clay soils using the electrical resistivity and miniature penetrometer methods

Creator:
Raheem, Aram M. and Vipulanandan , Cumaraswamy
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
shear strength, ultra-soft soil, electrical resistivity, CIGMAT miniature penetrometer, polymer, lime, pH, FEM, and Mohr-Coulomb model
Language:
English
Description:
The characterization of ultra-soft soil behavior is one of the most difficult challenges since the water content in such soils is very high. Hence, nondestructive or special measurement is required. Therefore, the behavior of untreated and treated ultra-soft soil was characterized using both miniature penetrometer and electrical methods. The ultra-soft soil was prepared with 2% to 10% bentonite. The soil with 10% bentonite was treated with 2% to 10% lime and with 1% to 10% polymer separately. The pH, CIGMAT miniature penetrometer, and electrical resistivity combined with the measured shear strength from the modified vane shear device were used to characterize the ultra-soft soils. The CIGMAT miniature penetrometer penetration varied linearly with the shear strength of the untreated and treated soft soils with 10% bentonite. Relative electrical resistivity decreased by 246% when the bentonite content was increased from 2% to 10% in the ultra-soft soil. The addition of 10% of the lime to the ultra-soft soil with 10% of bentonite content decreased the relative electrical resistivity by 171%. The addition of 10% of the polymer to the ultra-soft soil with 10% of bentonite content reduced the relative electrical resistivity by 545%. Power law, linear and hyperbolic models were used to predict the shear strength- electrical resistivity relationship for the untreated, lime-treated and polymer-treated ultra-soft soils respectively. The CIGMAT miniature penetrometer was modeled using 3-D axisymmetric finite element method, which predicted the penetration of CIGMAT penetrometer that agreed well with the experimental results of the ultra-soft soils.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

2899. Characterization of 2-minimally nonouterplanar join graphs

Creator:
Akka, D. G. and Bano, J.K.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
join graphs, minimally nonouterplanar, forbidden, homeomorphic, block, and cut vertex
Language:
English
Description:
In this paper, we present characterizations of pairs of graphs whose join graphs are 2-minimally nonouterplanar. In addition, we present a characterization of pairs of graphs whose join graphs are 2-minimally nonouterplanar in terms of forbidden subgraphs.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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