Chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with high incidence of cardiovascular complications. To clarify pathogenesis of CRF numerous animal models have been developed. The aim of our work was to describe methodology of subtotal surgical renal ablation in rat and to characterize some biochemical and cardiovascular parameters of this animal model. Male rats underwent 5/6 surgical nephrectomy or sham operations in two steps. The following parameters were measured on day 10 and in week 10 after the surgery: plasma concentrations of creatinine and urea, blood pressure, resting heart rate, chronotropic response to atropine and metipranol, heart ventricles weight, contraction parameters and action potential duration in the left ventricle. Increased serum concentrations of creatinine and urea, decreased creatinine clearance, polyuria and alteration of the remnant kidney tissue were found in CRF rats. Changes in cardiovascular parameters identified after subtotal nephrectomy resembled alterations of cardiovascular system in uremic patients and included hypertension, elevated resting heart rate, diminished parasympathetic cardiac tone, hypertrophy of the left ventricle associated with weakened force of contraction, prolonged contraction and relaxation and shortening of action potential duration. These data suggest that the present model can be a useful tool in the study of CRF and its cardiovascular complications., J. Švíglerová ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of regular daily consumption of white wine on oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk markers. Forty-two healthy male volunteers consumed 375 ml of white wine daily. Each participant provided three venous blood samples (before wine consumption, following the wine consumption period and again a month later). Levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A I, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, paraoxonase 1, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were measured. Immediately following the month of white wine consumption there was a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol (p<0.0001), paraoxonase 1 (p<0.001), glutathione peroxidase (p<0.001) and reduced glutathione (p<0.01) levels, a decrease in superoxide dismutase activities (p<0.0001), and a decrease in oxidation protein products (p<0.001) and TBARS (p<0.05) concentrations. However, there was also a clear increase in homocysteine (p<0.0001) after a month of white wine consumption. The results of our non-placebo controlled trial suggest that regular daily white wine consumption is associated not only with both antioxidative and antiatherogenic effects but also with a potentially proatherogenic increase of homocysteine concentrations. and D. Rajdl, J. Racek, L. Trefil, K. Siala.
Research and clinical implications on novel cardiac biomarkers has intensified significantly in the past few years. The highsensitive troponin T (hscTnT) assay plays a dominant role in diagnostic algorithm regarding myocardial injury in adults. Despite generally accepted use of hscTnT there are no data about physiological concentrations and cut-off limits in neonates and infants to date. The aim of this study is to assess hscTnT levels in healthy newborns and infants. Consecutively 454 healthy full termed newborns and 40 healthy infants were enrolled in the study. Samples of cord or venous blood were drawn and tested for hscTnT concentrations with high-sensitive TnT assay (Roche Cobas e602 immunochemical analyzer). The 97.5 percentile of hscTnT concentration was assessed and correlation analysis was performed in neonates. Two hundred and thirteen samples (47 %) were excluded due to blood hemolysis of various degrees in neonates. Finally, the group of 241 healthy newborns was statistically analyzed. The median concentration of hscTnT was 38.2 ng/ml, 97.5 percentile reached 83.0 ng/l (confidential interval 74.1 to 106.9 ng/l). HscTnT concentrations were statistically decreased in hemolytic samples when compared to non-hemolytic samples (34.3 ng/l [26.7 to 42.0 ng/l] and 37.1 ng/l [30.5 to 47.9 ng/l], respectively, p=0.003). Elevated plasma concentrations of hscTnT decreased to adult level within six months. This study has confirmed the higher reference levels of hscTnT in neonates and young infants when compared with adult population. Many extracardiac factors as hemolysis and age may affect the hscTnT level. Based on presented results, a careful clinical interpretation of hscTnT is recommended., P. Jehlička, M. Huml, D. Rajdl, A. Mocková, M. Matas, J. Dort, A. Masopustová., and Seznam literatury