Fyzikové se na výzkum v oblasti fyzikálního vzdělávání dosud často dívají s podezřením. Je to vůbec seriózní výzkum? Čím se zabývá? Jaké má výsledky? A nepatří spíš do pedagogiky? Příčinou těchto otázek může být i malá informovanost. Smyslem našeho příspěvku samozřejmě není přesvědčit polovinu fyziků, aby se vzdali svých specializací a vrhli se na didaktiku fyziky. Cílem je přinést stručný pohled na dnešní stav této oblasti (či alespoň určitých jejích aspektů), přispět k překonání některých zastaralých představ a ukázat, že výzkum v oboru fyzikálního vzdělávání lze brát jako přirozenou součást fyziky - oblast sice hraničí, ale je zajímavou a důležitou, která je pro fyziku jako celek přínosem., Physicists still often look at the area of physics educational research with some scepticism. ls it actually a serious research? What are its topics? What are the results? Does it not belong rather to pedagogy? Such questions can originate also from the lack of information. Of course, the purpose of this article is not to persuade half of physicists to drop their special fields and jump into the area of physics educational research. Rather, its aim is to present a brief view of a current state of this area (or at least some of its aspects), to help to overcome some outdated opinions and to show that physics educational research can be regarded as a natural part of physics – the part at its frontiers, but interesting, important and, in general, the area from which physics as a whole can benefit., Leoš Dvořák, Martina Kekule, Vojtěch Žák., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The aim of this article is to present a specific method for the study of the life-course, which focuses on life-course trajectories as a whole through the use of sequence analysis. In the first part, two approaches for the quantitative analysis of the life-course are distinguished: an event-oriented perspective and a trajectory-based (holistic) perspective. The holistic perspective is based on sequence analysis and more specifically on optimal matching. The trajectory-based perspective does not focus on single life events, but on whole sequences of events. In the second part, using the Czech wave of the ISSP 2002 dataset, which includes partnership and family histories, this article presents several examples of the use of sequence analysis of family trajectories. This study shows that sequence analysis can help identify patterns associated with typical and distinctive life-course trajectories., Jana Chaloupková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The Research Centre of the Oriental Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences at Academia Sinica in Taiwan (RCT) was established on December 3, 2015. It is designed to act as a branch office of the Oriental Institute of the CAS and is intended to serve as a platform facilitating and strengthening academic exchanges between Czech and Taiwanese scholars as well as institutions. The Centre is a part of a long-term interdisciplinary research project entitled Power and Strategies of Social and Political Order. Czech research fellows are expected to participate in conferences and hold colloqiums with their Taiwanese colleagues. In cooperation with the Academia Sinica, the Institute plans to organize annual joint workshops and publish their proceedings. It will concomitantly continue building the network of patner institutions and thus create a solid foundation for further scholarly exchanges. In cooperation with Charles University in Prague it will also support doctoral students wishing to conduct research at the Centre. and Táňa Dluhošová.
Odpúšťanie patrí medzi psychologické javy, ktorým dlhú dobu nebola venovaná primeraná pozornosť psychologických štúdií. Situácia sa mení s rozmachom aplikovanej pozitívnej psychológie a vzhľadom k tomu je tematika odpúšťania aktuálne vo svete predmetom interdisciplinárneho štúdia. Príspevok poukazuje na potenciál procesu odpustenia ako jednej z intervenčných techník v poradenstve a psychoterapii, ktorého cieľom je zlepšenie psychologického zdravia klienta. Odpustenie môže byť jednou z možností redukcie negatívneho afektívneho aspektu utrpenia psychického zranenia obete. Príspevok najprv poukazuje na podstatu odpustenia v poradenstve a psychoterapii, následne definuje odpustenie vzhľadom na fázy procesu odpustenia a popisuje proces odpustenia podľa R. D. Enrighta. Prezentuje modely procesu odpustenia v poradenstve a psychoterapii s ohľadom na zdravotný aspekt odpúšťania a neodpúšťania. V závere sú uvedené niektoré výsledky výskumov zaoberajúcich sa intervenč- nými programami modelu procesu odpustenia v rámci kvality života človeka, konkrétne jeho fyzického a duševného zdravia. Okrem toho sa príspevok pokúsil naznačiť silné a slabé stránky procesu odpustenia v poradenstve a psychoterapii na základe troch prístupov k odpusteniu v psychoterapii. Ukazuje sa nádej, že tento jav sa stáva predmetom intenzívneho psychologického štúdia nielen v zahraničí, ale aj v Čechách a na Slovensku., Forgiveness is one of the psychological phenomena, which did not received adequate attention in psychological studies for a long time. The situation is changing due the rise of applied positive psychology and thus the topic is the subject of interdisciplinary studies in the world. This paper points to the considerable potential of the process of forgiveness as one of the intervention techniques in counseling and psychotherapy, which aims to improve the psychological health of the client. Forgiveness can be one of the options how to reduce the negative affective aspect of suffering the psychological injury of a victim. First, it is pointed to the essence of forgiveness in counseling and psychotherapy, then, the forgiveness is defined regarding the phases of forgiveness and the process of forgiveness is described according R. D. Enright. The process models of forgiveness in counseling and psychotherapy are presented regarding the health aspect of forgiveness and non-forgiveness. In the conclusion, some results of studies dealing with intervention programs of process model of forgiveness in the field of quality of life, namely physical and mental health, are mentioned. Besides that, the author tries to outline the strengths and weaknesses of the process of forgiveness in counseling and psychotherapy based on three approaches to forgiveness in psychotherapy. The hope turns out that this phenomenon will become the subject of deeper psychological study not only abroad but also in the Czech and Slovak Republics., Ivana Prešinská., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy