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39822. Monitoring cashew seedlings during interactions with the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging
- Creator:
- Muniz, C. R., Freire, F. C. O., Viana, F. M. P., Cardoso, J. E., Sousa, C. A. F., Guedes, M. I. F., Van der Schoor, R., and Jalink, H.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, Brazílie severovýchodní, Brasil, North-eastern, kešu, Anacardium occidentale, gummosis, plant disease detection, high-throughput screening, cashew, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence imaging technique was applied to cashew seedlings inoculated with the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae to assess any disturbances in the photosynthetic apparatus of the plants before the onset of visual symptoms. Two-month-old cashew plants were inoculated with mycelium of L. theobromae isolate Lt19 or Lt32. Dark-adapted and light-acclimated whole plants or previously labelled, single, mature leaf from each plant were evaluated weekly for Chl fluorescence parameters. From 21 to 28 days, inoculation with both isolates resulted in the significantly lower maximal photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) than those for control samples, decreasing from values of 0.78 to 0.62. In contrast, the time response of the measured fluorescence transient curve from dark-acclimated plants increased in both whole plants and single mature leaves in inoculated plants compared with controls. The Fv/Fm images clearly exhibited photosynthetic perturbations 14 days after inoculation before any visual symptoms appeared. Additionally, decays in the effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry and photochemical quenching coefficient were also observed over time. However, nonphotochemical quenching increased during the evaluation period. We conclude that Fv/Fm images are the effective way of detecting early metabolic perturbations in the photosynthetic apparatus of cashew seedlings caused by gummosis in both whole plants and single leaves and could be potentially employed in larger-scale screening systems., C. R. Muniz, F. C. O. Freire, F. M. P. Viana, J. E. Cardoso, C. A. F. Sousa, M. I. F. Guedes, R. van der Schoor, H. Jalink., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
39823. Monitoring kvality ovzduší
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39824. Monitoring leaf photosynthesis with canopy spectral reflectance in rice
- Creator:
- Tian, Y., Zhu, Y., and Cao, W.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- chlorophyll, leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate, nitrogen supply, Oryza sativa, remote sensing, and water content
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Non-destructive and rapid method for assessment of leaf photosynthetic characteristics is needed to support photosynthesis modelling and growth monitoring in crop plants. We determined the quantitative relationships between leaf photosynthetic characteristics and canopy spectral reflectance under different water supply and nitrogen application rates. The responses of reflectance at red radiation (wavelength 680 nm) to different water contents and nitrogen rates were parallel to those of leaf net photosynthetic rate (PN). The relationships of reflectance at 680 nm and ratio index of R(810,680) (near infrared/red, NIR/R) to PN of different leaf positions and leaf layers in rice indicated that the top two full leaves were the best leaf positions for quantitative monitoring of leaf PN with remote sensing technique, and the ratio index R(810,680) was the best ratio index for evaluating leaf photosynthetic characteristics in rice. Testing of the models with independent data sets indicated that R(810,680) could well estimate PN of top two leaves and canopy leaf photosynthetic potential in rice, with the root mean square error of 0.25, 0.16, and 4.38, respectively. Hence R(810,680) can be used to monitor leaf photosynthetic characteristics at different growth stages of rice under diverse growing conditions. and Y. Tian, Y. Zhu, W. Cao.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
39825. Monitoring moderate Cu and Cd toxicity by chlorophyll fluorescence and P700 absorbance in pea leaves
- Creator:
- Wodala, B., Eitel, G., Gyula, T. N., Ördög, A., and Horváth, F.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- botanika, botany, Cd2+, chlorophyll fluorescence, Cu2+, heavy metal stress, P700 absorbance, photosynthetic electron transport, PSI photochemistry, PSII photochemistry, 2, and 58
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- We investigated the effect of moderate Cu2+ and Cd2+ stress by applying chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence and P700 absorbance measurements to monitor the photosynthetic electron transport activity of 3-week-old Pisum sativum L. cv. Petit Provençal plants grown in a modified Hoagland solution containing 50 μM CuSO4 or 5 μM CdCl2. Both heavy metals caused a slight inhibition in PSII photochemistry as indicated by the decrease in the effective quantum efficiency of PSII (ΦPSII), the maximum electron transport capacity (ETRmax), and the maximum quantum yield for electron transport (α). PSI photochemistry was also affected by these heavy metals. Cu2+ and Cd2+ decreased the quantum efficiency of PSI (ΦPSI) as well as the number of electrons in the intersystem chain, and the Cu2+ treatment significantly reduced the number of electrons from stromal donors available for PSI. These results indicate that PSII and PSI photochemistry of pea plants are both sensitive to moderate Cu2+ and Cd2+ stress, which in turn is easily detected and monitored by Chl fluorescence and P700 absorbance measurements. Therefore, monitoring the photochemistry of pea plants with these noninvasive, yet sensitive techniques offers a promising strategy to study heavy metal toxicity in the environment., B. Wodala ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
39826. Monitoring of active tectonic structures in central Betic Cordillera (southern Spain)
- Creator:
- Galindo-Zaldívar, Jesús, Gil, Antonio, Sanz de Galdeano, Carlos, Shanov, Stefan, and Stanica, Dumitru
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, GPS sítě, GPS netwoks, Španělsko, Spain, crustal structure, active faults, fault and fold interaction, Betic Cordillera, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Betic Cordillera, located at the westernmost end of the Mediterranean alpine belt, is deformed by overprinted folds and faults that produced the present-day relief since the Tortonian. In the frame of the COST 625 action, four sectors have been studied in the central part of the cordillera. In the Granad a Depression, the large NW-SE Padul normal fault deforms the SW periclinal end of the Sierra Nevada antiform. MT surveys in dicate the continuity in depth of high and low angle normal seismogenic faults and the presence of act ive detachment faults. In Tabernas regi on a good example of interaction between a N W-SE propagating normal fault, E-W strike-slip faults and the fold system is studied. In the Sierra Tejeda-Zafarraya and in the Balanegra-Sierra de Gádor areas, two new GPS networks ha ve been installed to determine the interaction and the development of large antiformal struct ures and normal faults with E-W and NW-SE orientations. However, taking into account the low tectonic activity of the studi ed region, a period of more than 5 year could be needed to determine with enough accuracy the development rate of the structures., Jesús Galindo-Zaldívar, Antonio Gil, Carlos Sanz de Galdeano, Stefan Shanov and Dumitru Stanica., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
39827. Monitoring of anthropogenic landslide activity with combined UAV and LiDAR-derived DEMs: a case study of the Czerwony Wawoz landslide (SW Poland. Western sudetes)
- Creator:
- Kowalski, Aleksander, Wajs, Jaroslaw, and Kasza, Damian
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- geodynamika, geomechanika, geofyzika, geologie, sesuvy půdy, geodynamics, geomechanics, geophysics, geology, landslides, fotogrammetrie, photogrammetry, Polsko jihozápadní, Poland, Southwestern, mass movements, UAV, LiDAR, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The paper presents the results of fieldwork and geodetic surveys carried out on a landslide in Wleń (Western Sudetes, Izerskie Foothills). This reactivated landslide occured firstly in 2011 and later on 16th July 2016, following heavy rainfall in the Lower Silesia region, and covered an area of ca. 1100 m2 above the renovated “Leśny Dwór” guesthouse in Wleń town. The main scarp of the landslide is built of strongly deformed Upper Permian (Zechstein) heterolithic deposits, composing the marginal part of the Wleń Graben - a NW-SE elongated, tectonic sub-unit within the North Sudetic Synclinorium. The landslide was a consequence of undercutting of steep slopes of the Bóbr River valley by anthropogenic activities and loading of the slope surface by blocks and pedestrian paths in the vicinity of the guesthouse. Monitoring of landslide activity was performed using the initial surface model of the slope subjected to mass movements, LiDAR elevation data, as well as 3D point cloud data from a non-metric camera on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). They were used to construct digital elevation models (DEMs) of the area covered by the landslide. The DEM from photogrammetric UAV data was processed using Structure from Motion (SfM) technology. The obtained dataset was verified by additional measurement series from terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). and Kowalski Aleksander, Wajs Jaroslaw, Kasza Damian.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39828. Monitoring of condition the railway system
- Creator:
- Żóltowski, Bogdan, Castañeda Heredia, Leonel F., and Betancur Giraldo, German R.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- multidimensional monitoring of condition (MMC), singular value decomposition (SVD), and railway technical diagnosis
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The multidimensional monitoring of symptoms applied to railway systems allow to detect and locate the sections of the track (straight and curved) that generate the decrement of the safety and comfort of the passengers. It also evaluates the technical state of the rail-vehicle interface. In addition it allows observing, evaluating, and controlling the reliability and availability of the system. The objective of the study is to propose an alternative to evaluate the condition of the technical state of railway systems from a dynamical point of view that guarantees the safety and comfort of the passengers. One looks for diminishing the operative costs of maintenance, improving the use of equipment for tasks of maintenance for the track, vehicle and auxiliary equipment, optimizing the time of the maintenance personal, the maintenance frequencies (corrective, preventive, etc.). It also aims to identify the variables related to maintenance actions that have a high influence on the technical state of the system. This paper presents the results obtained when applying a modeling of this type to a railway system, being centered mainly in the application of SVD theory to the technical diagnosis of systems. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
39829. Monitoring of curing process of siloxane resin by dielectric analysis
- Creator:
- Hron, Petr, Burian, Miloslav, Hytychová, Šárka, Inneman, Adolf, and Sucharda, Zbyněk
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, dielektrická analýza, dielectric analysis, polysiloxane resins, curing process, dopant, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The knowledge of the curing process of polysiloxane resin is an important factor for the optimal preparation of the precursor of ceramic materials/composites/. It was observed that different physical method explaining the cure process e.g. /IR, NMR/ and examined experimentally the method of dielectric analyses/DA/. It was found that the method DA with the addition of the dopant makes the monitored system to increase its conductivity for the certain type of polymer. This enables to influence the properties of the final composite during its curing with the help of the approprietly selected temperature and pressure depending on time., Petr Hron, Miloslav Burian, Šárka Hytychová, Adolf Inneman and Zbyněk Sucharda., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
39830. Monitoring of early and advanced glycation in relation to occurrence of microvascular complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Creator:
- Kostolanská, J., Vladimír Jakuš, and Barák, Ľ.
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, biochemie, diabetologie, komplikace (lékařství), biochemistry, diabetology, complications of diseases, fructosamine, HbA1c, serum AGEs, glycation gap, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The authors aimed to evaluate if the monitoring of serum advanced glycation end-products (s-AGEs) could help to predict a development of diabetic complications. Clinical and biochemical parameters including fructosamine (FAM), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum AGEs were investigated in children and adolescents with 1 type diabetes with (+DC) and without (–DC) complications. FAM levels (in mmol/l) were significantly elevated in +DC diabetic group compared to –DC one (3.043±0.459 vs. 2.614±0.430; p<0.001) or to controls (3.043±0.459 vs. 1.620±0.340; p<0.001) as well as in –DC compared to controls (2.614±0.430 vs. 1.620±0.340; p< 0.001). HbA1c (in %) were significantly elevated in +DC diabetic group compared to –DC one (10.48±1.83 vs. 8.41±1.19; p<<0.001) or to controls (10.48±1.83 vs. 5.0±0.38, p<<0.001) and also in –DC compared to controls (8.41±1.19 vs. 5. 0±0.38; p<0.001). Serum AGEs levels (in A. U.) were significantly higher in +DC group than in –DC (73.0±14.09 vs. 65.8±9.05; p< 0.05) and in group +DC than in controls (73.0±14.09 vs. 60.17±13.78; p<0.05), whereas there was no difference between –DC and controls. FAM correlated with HbA1c in both diabetic groups (+DC: r=0.374; p<0.05; –DC: r=0.719; p<0.001), but not in controls. Serum AGEs were correlated with Hb A1c (r=0.478; p=0.003) in +DC, but not in –DC or controls. Enhanced serum AGEs levels show that they could be not only an attendant phenomenon of microangiopathies, but also a predictor of their development., J. Kostolanská, V. Jakuš, Ľ. Barák., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public