Příspěvek nabízí stručné zamyšlení nad současným stavem vnímání alternativní medicíny a p seudovědy ve s polečnosti a z e- jména v ak ademickém prostředí, což je dokumentováno několika příklady selhání akademiků v p osledních letech, kterým se většinou dostalo určité mediální pozornosti. Autor naznačuje, že tato relativně častá pochybení mohou mít příčinu v je n formálním ztotožnění se akademických pracovníků s pa radigmatem moderní vědy., The contribution offers some reflections on present state of perception of alternative medicine and pseudoscience in the soci- ety and namely in the academic milieu which is documented by some examples of academics failures published in media lately. The author gives an indication that these relatively frequent faults could be caused by only formal identification of some academics with the paradigm of modern science, Vojtěch Mornstein, and Literatura
Spontaneous rupture is a rare and dramatic complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), burdened by a high mortality. Here we describe a case of a 73-year-old man, who arrived at the ER because of syncope, and acute epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. He had a history of hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis and HCC in treatment with sorafenib. The physical examination showed a state of hemorrhagic anemia with the presence of blood in the peritoneal cavity. The patient underwent an urgent liver resection. Thirty days after surgery, he was in good general condition. Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor recently introduced in the therapy of patients with advanced HCC. Among the various side effects reported in patients treated with sorafenib, there is a higher risk of bleeding. In conclusion, sorafenib may increase the risk of bleeding and rupture of HCC in susceptible individuals., Ferdinando Rombolà, Angelo Caravetta, Francesco Mollo, Antonio Spinoso, Lenino Peluso, Raffaele Guarino, and Literatura 15
Cíl: Minireview podává přehled aktuálního stavu měření 25-hydroxyvitaminu D v krevním séru. Metoda: Hodnocení analytické kvality měření 25-hydroxyvitaminu v programech externího hodnocení kvality. Výsledky separačních a imunochemických metod, stav metrologické reference a standardizace, předměty měření (analyty), preanalytická stabilita. Závěr: Je nutná standardizace měření jako podmínka vyšší úrovně srovnatelnosti mezi metodami a mezi laboratořemi využitím a rozvojem referenční metodiky a aplikací již existujících referenčních materiálů., Objective: A mini-review on the current state in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurement. Methods: The review of used routine methods for the measurement the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum. The assessment of analytical quality by means of inter-laboratory comparison programs is presented. The current state of metrological reference and standardization is outlined. The methods, based on separation, with immunochemistry methods are compared. Problem of suitable analytes as subjects of measurement. Stability of analyte is described. Conclusion: There is the necessity of standardization for achieving the interlaboratory comparability and clinical utility by means of using reference material and reference method in routine practice., Friedecký B., Vávrová J., and Literatura 18
Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare disorder characterized by muscle stiffness and painful spasms. Misdiagnosis may occur due to the fact that the clinical picture of SPS is often atypical. The main pathophysiologic mechanism underlying the development of SPS is insufficient inhibition at the cortical and spinal levels. There is good evidence for a primary autoimmune etiology. A 61-year-old man was admitted to a neurological department due to muscle hypertonia with episodic attacks of painful spasms predominantly affecting axial muscles. The symptoms developed shortly after tickborne meningoencephalitis. Electromyography (EMG) revealed signs of continuous motor unit activity. Antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase (anti-GAD) were highly elevated. We present a case of a man who developed clinically severe anti-GAD positive SPS, provoked by tick-borne encephalitis. After therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) a rapid, temporary improvement of the clinical and neurophysiological findings was noted. Only after being placed on long-term immunosuppression did the patient achieve stable recovery. This case supports the importance of EMG findings and demonstrates the effect of TPE as well as the need for chronic immunosuppression in severe cases of SPS., Edvard Ehler, Jan Latta, Petra Mandysová, Jana Havlasová, Milan Mrklovský, and Literatura 22