Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] comprises of an LDL particle and apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] and its elevated levels are considered a risk factor for atherosclerosis. The aim of our study was to find out whether elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis in patients with multiple other risk factors. We further tested the association of three polymorphisms of the apo(a) gene promoter with Lp(a) levels. No significant correlation was detected between Lp(a) levels and lipid and clinical parameters tested. The study demonstrated a significantly (p=0.0219) elevated Lp(a) level (mean 28±35 mg/dl, median 0.14) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). In a group with premature CHD the correlation was not significant anymore. There was a significant correlation between polymorphic loci of the promoter region of apo(a) gene and Lp(a) levels (+93C>T, p=0.0166, STR, p<0.0001). Our study suggests that elevated Lp(a) level is an independent risk factor of CHD in carriers of other important CHD risk factors. Observed association of sequence variants of the promoter of apo(a) gene with Lp(a) levels is caused in part due to linkage to a restricted range of apo(a) gene length isoforms., L. Zlatohlávek, K, Zídková, M. Vrablík, T. Haas, M. Prusíková, H. Svobodová, R. Češka., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
V článku popisujeme kazuistiky dvou pacientů s maligním a benigním primárním tumorem retroperitonea, které byly diagnostikovány na základě symptomatologie z progredujícího narůstaní objemu tumoru. U jednoho pacienta byla provedena punkční biopsie se suspekcí na low grade liposarkom. Pacient byl indikován k operační revizi. S odstupem sedmi měsíců od operace došlo k recidivě onemocnění a byla provedena exstirpace recidivy tumoru s adjuvantní chemoterapií. Po ukončení systémové léčby byl pacient pro druhou recidivu opět operován s neradikálním odstraněním tumoru a byl indikován k paliativní systémové léčbě. V druhém případě byla na základě zobrazovacích metod indikovaná adrenalektomie pro suspektní tumor nadledviny. Definitivní histologie vyloučila afekci nadledviny a popsala ganglioneurom retroperitonea., We decribe a case reports of two patients with benign and malignant primary retroperitoneal tumors that presented with symptoms due to of the progressive tumor growth. One patient un150 Ces Urol 2015; 19(2): 149–156 Kazuistika derwent percutaneous biopsy with a suspicion of low grade liposarcoma. The patient was designated for surgical intervention. The recurrence of the tumor occurs in seventh months post-surgery, at which point the tumor was excised and followed by postoperative chemotherapy. Upon completion the patient underwent an additional surgery for a second recurrence. Incomplete removal of the tumor was performed, and palliative systemic therapy followed. In the second case, a patient was indicated to adrenalectomy for suspicion of adrenal tumor based on finding from imaging methods. The final histology excluded adrenal pathology and instead described retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma., Miroslav Hruška, Petr Klézl, Petr Nencka, Jiří Klečka, Ivan Kolombo, Tomáš Jirásek, Petr Kujal, Robert Grill, and Literatura
To investigate lisinopril effect on the contribution of nitric oxide (NO) and KCa channels to acetylcholine (ACh)-induced relaxation in isolated mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Third branch mesenteric arteries isolated from lisinopril treated SHR rats (20 mg/kg/day for ten weeks, SHR-T) or untreated (SHR-UT) or normotensi ve WKY rats were mounted on tension myograph and ACh concentration-response curves were obtained. Westernblotting of eNOS and K Ca channels was performed. ACh-induced relaxations were similar in all groups while L-NMMA and indomethacin caused significant rightward shift only in SHR-T group. Apamin and TRAM-34 (SKCa and IKCa channels blockers, respectively) significantly attenuated ACh-induced maximal relaxation by similar magnitude in vessels from all three groups. In the presence of L-NMMA, indomethacin, apamin and TRAM-34 further attenuated ACh-induced relaxation only in SHR-T. Furthermore, lisinopril treatment increased expression of eNOS, SKCa and BKCa proteins. Lisinopril treatment increased expression of eNOS, SKCa , BKCa channel proteins and increased the contribution of NO to ACh-mediated relaxation. This increased role of NO was apparent only when EDHF component was blocked by inhibiting SKCa and IKCa channels. Such may suggest that in mesenteric arteries, non-EDHF component functions act as a reserve system to provide compensatory vasodilatation if (and when) hyperpolarization that is mediated by SKCa and IKCa channels is reduced, S. Albarwani, S. Al-Siyabi, I. Al-Husseini, A. Al-Ismail, I. Al-Lawati, I. Al-Bahrani, M. O. Tanira., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Distribution of LiCl/pilocarpine status epilepticus-induced neuronal damage was studied in the piriform cortex and in adjoining structures in 12-day-old, 25-day-old and adult rats. No distinct structural and neuronal alterations were detected in the basal telencephalon in 12-day-old rats surviving status epilepticus (SE) for one week or two months. In 25-day-old rats a decrease in Nissl staining was evident. There was also cell loss and gliosis in the caudal 2/3 of the piriform cortex, in the superficial amygdaloid nuclei, in the dorsal and ventral endopiriform nucleus and in the rostrolateral part of the entorhinal cortical area. In adult animals, the topography of neuropathological changes in the basal telencephalon was comparable to those in 25-day-old rats. The damage in the caudal 2/3 or caudal half of the piriform cortex in adult rats with survival times one week or two months was characterized by a marked loss of neurons and striking glial infiltration. The thickness of the piriform cortex and superficial amygdaloid nuclei was significantly reduced. In 25-day-old and in adult animals the sublayer IIb and layer III of the piriform cortex was more affected, while sublayer IIa was less damaged. Parvalbumin (PV) immunocytochemistry revealed a significant decrease in the number of PV-immunoreactive neurons in the rostral piriform cortex and in the dorsal claustrum in animals surviving for two months., R. Druga, H. Kubová, L. Suchomelová, R. Haugvicová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The aim of the present study was to define the stress-induced pattern of cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Hsp70 protein in the liver of male Wistar rats exposed to different stress models: acute (2 h/day) immobilization or cold (4 °C); chronic (21 days) isolation, crowding, swimming or isolation plus swimming and combined (chronic plus acute stress). Changes in plasma levels of corticosterone were studied by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results obtained by Western immunoblotting showed that both acute stressors led to a significant decrease in cytosolic GR and Hsp70 levels. Compared to acute stress effects, only a weak decrease in the levels of GR and Hsp70 was demonstrated in chronic stress models. Chronically stressed rats, which were subsequently exposed to novel acute stressors (immobilization or cold), showed a lower extent of GR down-regulation when compared to acute stress. The exception was swimming, which partially restores this down-regulation. The observed changes in the levels of these major stress-related cellular proteins in liver cytosol lead to the conclusion that chronic stressors compromise intracellular GR down-regulation in the liver., D. Filipović, L. Gavrilović, S. Dronjak, M. Demajo, M. B. Radojčić., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
When in vitro growth of Vittaforma comeae was tested using MDCK, MRC-5, XEN, L-929 and FHM cell lines, propagation occurred only in MDCK, MRC-5 and XEN cells. The intervals required for the various stages of the life cycle to develop were the same in all the cell lines tested. The MDCK cell line was selected to support the growth of V. comeae in vitro and provide the system for in vitro testing of drugs. The weekly output of V. comeae spores from the MDCK cell monolayer was monitored over a 61-week period during which there were fluctuations but no definite increase or decrease in output. Albendazole at 2.1 or 4.2 pg/ml in MEM was tested against V. comeae in MDCK cell monolayers and showed antimicrosporidial activity. The percentage of infected cells was reduced in the presence of the drug and there were ultrastmctural abnormalities in all stages of the life cycle. The drug prevents parasite division.
This paper shows how the local effects can change the value of maximum accelerations from mining-induced tremors. The analysis was carried out basing on data collected from acceleration stations installed in Bytom Syncline region (Upper Silesia). The estimation of the local effects was obtained on the basis of deviations from the attenuation relation. The accelerograms were recorded from the mining tremors in low seismic energy range and in epicentral distances in the range from 500m to 5000m. The obtained re sults were correlated with results from Horiz ontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) technique. This method is based on simple theoretical founda tion and is commonly used in natural seismicity studies. Our results show that the H/V ratio technique gives a reasonable estimate of the surface amplification for frequency range between about 2 and 8 Hz. In case of simple geology and when the signal to noise is adequately high the results are the best. All the results show that there occur local effects., Adam Fref and Wacław Marian Zuberek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy