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202. Targeted deletion of MMP-9 attenuates myocardial contractile dysfunction in heart failure
- Creator:
- Moshal, K. S., Rodriguez, W. E., Sen, U., and Tyagi, Suresh C.
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, biofyzika, srdeční selhání, physiology, biophysics, heart failure, endothelial-myocyte uncoupling, ventricular contraction, volume overload, left ventricle (LV) rings, aortocaval shunt, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Chronic volume overload (VO) on the left ventricle (LV) augments redox stress and activates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) which causes the endocardial endothelial-myocyte (EM) disconnection leading to myocardial contractile dysfunction. VO-induced MMP-9 activation impairs cardiac functions, in part by endothelial endocardial apoptosis, but the role of MMP-9 on EM functions remains obscure. We conjecture that chronic VO activates MMP-9 and causes EM uncoupling. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) was created in genetically identical wild type (WT) mice (FVB/NJ) and MMP-9 knockout mice (MMP-9KO, FVB.Cg-MMP9tm1Tvu/J). Sham-operated mice were used as controls. Before experimentation the phenotype analysis of MMP-9KO mice was carried out. In-gel-gelatin zymography for MMP-9 activation was performed on LV homogenates. The EM functions were determined on LV rings using tissue myobath. We report a decrease in MMP-9 activity in left ventricular myocardial extracts in MMP-9 deficient mice after AVF. The responses to drugs affecting cardiac functions (acetylcholine (Ach), nitroprusside and bradykinin) were attenuated in AVF mice suggesting the impairment of EM coupling. Interestingly, the EM functions were restored in the MMP-9 deficient mice after AVF. We suggest a direct cause-and-effect relationship between MMP-9 activation and EM uncoupling in LV myocardium after chronic VO and the possible involvement of MMP-9 in myocardial contractile performance., K. S. Moshal, W. E. Rodriguez, U. Sen, S. C. Tyagi., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
203. Terguride attenuates prolactin levels and ameliorates insulin sensitivity and insulin binding in obese spontaneously hypertensive rats
- Creator:
- Věroslav Golda, Mária Ficková, Ľudmila Pintérová, Jana Jurčovičová, Ladislav Macho, and Zórad, Š.
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- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, prolactin, obese SHR, insulin binding, fat tissue, insulin sensitivity, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Glucose tolerance, serum insulin, insulin receptors in epididymal fat tissue, circulating total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations as well as serum prolactin were studied in obese and lean spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of both sexes. Obese animals displayed insulin resistance and elevated insulin and triglyceride concentrations. Moreover, in obese rats the increased mass of epididymal fat tissue was accompanied with decreased capacity of high affinity binding sites of insulin receptors in the tissue plasma membranes. Terguride treatment lowered prolactin serum levels which was accompanied by ameliorated insulin sensitivity in obese animals of both sexes. In addition, terguride treatment decreased serum insulin and triglyceride concentrations in obese females and at the same time enhanced the affinity of high affinity insulin binding sites. Our results show that obesity in SHR is associated with a decreased capacity of insulin receptors and that prolactin may play a role in obesity-induced insulin resistance, particularly in female rats., V. Golda +, M. Ficková, L. Pinterová, J. Jurčovičová, L. Macho, Š. Zórad., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
204. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of uncoupling protein-1 in the brown adipose tissue of hypothyroid rats: comparison with effects of iopanoic acid
- Creator:
- Petrović, N., Gordana Cvijić, and Davidović, V.
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- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, brown adipose tissue, hypothyroidism, rat, antioxidant enzymes, uncoupling protein, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The activity of antioxidant enzymes, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as that of the mitochondrial FAD-dependent a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (a-GPD) in the rat interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) were studied after the treatment with methimazole (MMI) for three weeks or with iopanoic acid (IOP) for five days. Besides, the mitochondrial concentration of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) and the activity of catecholamine degrading enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the IBAT as well as the activity of the catecholamine synthesizing enzyme, dopamine b-hydroxylase (DBH) in rat serum were examined. Judging by the significantly enhanced level of serum DBH, which is an index of sympathetic activity, and that of IBAT MAO, the increase in MnSOD and CAT activities in the IBAT of hypothyroid (MMI-treated) rats seems to be due to elevated activity of sympathetic nervous system (SNS). However, CuZnSOD activity is not affected by SNS. On the contrary, IOP, which is a potent inhibitor of T4 deiodination into T3 producing "local" hypothyroidism, did not change either SNS activity or activities of IBAT antioxidant enzyme. However, both treatments significantly decreased IBAT UCP-1 content and a-GPD activity suggesting that the optimal T3 concentration in the IBAT is necessary for maintaining basal levels of these key mitochondrial parameters., N. Petrović, G. Cvijić V. Davidović., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
205. The association between oxidative stress and obstructive lung impairment in patients with COPD
- Creator:
- Kluchová, Z., Darina Petrášová, Pavol Joppa, Zlatica Dorková, and Ružena Tkáčová
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, nemoci plic, oxidační stres, human physiology, pulmonary diseases, oxidative stress, glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation products, malondialdehyde, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- An oxidant/antioxidant imbalance is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that antioxidant capacity reflected by erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and serum levels of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), may be related to the severity of obstructive lung impairment in patients with COPD. Erythrocyte GPx, SOD and CAT activities, and serum levels of MDA were measured in 79 consecutive patients with stable COPD. Pulmonary functional tests were assessed by bodyplethysmography. Moderate COPD (FEV1 50-80 %) was present in 23, and severe COPD (FEV1 < 50 %) in 56 patients. Erythrocyte GPx activity was significantly lower, and serum MDA levels were significantly higher in patients with severe COPD compared to patients with moderate COPD (GPx: 43.1±1.5 vs. 47.7±2.9 U/gHb, p<0.05, MDA: 2.4±0.1 vs. 2.1±0.1 nmol/ml, p<0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed a significant direct relationship between FEV1 and erythrocyte GPx activity (r = 0.234, p<0.05), and a significant inverse relationship between FEV1 and serum MDA levels (r = -0.239, p<0.05). However, no differences were observed in the erythrocyte SOD and CAT activities between the two groups of patients with different severity of COPD. Findings of the present study suggest that antioxidant capacity reflected by erythrocyte GPx activity and serum levels of the lipid peroxidation product MDA are linked to the severity of COPD., Z. Kluchová, D. Petrášová, P. Joppa, Z. Dorková, R. Tkáčová., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
206. The association study of DRD2, ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms and metamphetamine dependence
- Creator:
- Omar Šerý, Vojtová, V., and Petr Zvolský
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, taqI A polymorphism, angiotensinogen, metamphetamine dependence, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We investigated the association between metamphetamine dependence and TaqI A polymorphism of the dopamine receptor D2 gene (DRD2), I/D polymorphism in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT) in 93 unrelated metamphetamine-dependent subjects and 131 controls. Our results did not prove any association of TaqI A polymorphism of the DRD2 gene, I/D polymorphism of ACE gene, and M235T polymorphism of AGT gene with the metamphetamine dependence in Caucasians of Czech origin. However, a significant difference in allele I frequency between male and female control groups for the I/D ACE polymorphism (p<0.03) was found., O. Šerý, V. Vojtová, P. Zvolský., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
207. The common cDNA and amino acid sequences of the CD14 (myeloid cell-specific leucine-rich glycoprotein) receptor
- Creator:
- Jaroslav Hubáček and Rudolf Poledne
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- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, CD14 receptor, monocyte, cDNA, mismatched PCR, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- J. A. Hubáček, R. Poledne. and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
208. The effect of branched chain amino acids on protein synthesis in two skeletal muscles of Japanese quail
- Creator:
- Jana Antalíková, Jankela, J., and Baranovská, M.
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- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, fractional protein synthetic rate, branched chain amino acids, Japanese quail, isolated skeletal muscles, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Two different isolated skeletal muscles of Japanese quail were used. The influence of branched chain amino acids on the fractional rate of protein synthesis (FSR) was evaluated using 14C-tyrosine. The addition of 0.5 mM valine, leucine or isoleucine to the incubation medium significantly decreased (P<0.05) the value of FSR in extensor metacarpalis radialis. In the ambiens muscle only the application of leucine increased the FSR significantly while valine and isoleucine were without any effect., J. Antalíková, J. Jankela, M. Baranovská., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
209. The effect of glucose when added to a fat load on the response of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and apolipoprotein B-48 in the postprandial phase
- Creator:
- Zemánková, K., Jolana Mrázková, Jan Piťha, and Kovář, J.
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- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, inzulin, fyziologie, insulin, physiology, postprandial lipemia, triglyceride, glucose, GLP-1, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Increased and prolonged postprandial lipemia has been identified as a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. However, there is no consensus on how to test postprandial lipemia, especia lly with respect to the composition of an experimental meal. To address this question of how glucose, when added to a fat load, affects the selected parameters of postprandial lipemia, we carried out a study in 30 healthy male volunteers. Men consumed an experimental meal containing either 75 g of fat + 25 g of glucose (F+G meal) or 75 g of fat (F meal) in a control experiment. Blood was taken before the meal and at selected time points within the following 8 h. Glucose, when added to a fat load, induced an increase of glycemia and insulinemia and, surprisingly, a 20 % reduction in the response of both total and active glucagon -like peptide -1 (GLP -1) concentration. The addition of glucose did not affect the magnitude of postprandial triglyceridemia and TRL -C and TRL -TG concentrations but stimulated a faster response of chylomicrons to the test meal, evaluated by changes in apolipoprotein B -48 concentrations. The addition of glucose induced the physiological response of insulin and the lower response of GLP -1 to the test meal during the early postprandial phase, but had no effect on changes of TRL -cholesterol and TRL -TG within 8 h after the meal., K. Zemánková, J. Mrázková, J. Piťha, J. Kovář., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
210. The effect of goldthioglucose on peroxidative processes in mice
- Creator:
- Košťová, D. and Michnová, E.
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- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, myši, physiology, mice, goldthioglucose, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malonaldehyde precursors, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Experiments were conducted to study the effect of goldthioglucose (GTG) upon the processes associated with lipid peroxidation. The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (G6PD; E.C.1.1.1.49) in red blood cells (RBC) and the amount of malonaldehyde precursors (MDA) per gram of brain, liver and kidney were determined. Adult mice received i.p. injections for three consecutive days of either saline (controls) or GTG dissolved in saline, in a dose of 0.10 mg.g-1 or 0.15 mg.g-1 b.w. In mice receiving higher dose of GTG the G6PD activity was significantly increased (349.38± 17.46 mU.10-9 RBC compared to 258.2± 14.46 mU.10-9 RBC in control animals). The content of MDA precursors rose significantly from 4.8± 0.81 m mol.g-1 of the liver in controls to 8.12± 1.41 m mol.g -1 and 7.88± 0.51 m mol.g-1 and from 18.71± 1.01 m mol.g-1 of the kidneys in controls to 24.25± 1.25 m mol.g-1 and 24.88± 1.7 m mol.g-1 respectively. The GTG-induced higher levels of MDA precursors and increased G6PD activity in RBC corresponds to the rise in lipid peroxidation and its participation in producing the lesions after experimental and therapeutic use of gold-containing substances seems possible., D. Košťová, E. Michnová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public