The article focuses on the development of terms which were used in antiquity and Middle Age Europe to denote public opinion ( fama, existimatio, opinio in Ancient Rome, fama publica, communis opinio in the Middle Ages etc.). Particular attention is paid to the distinction made in Roman public life between a fama, which represented common opinion, and a rumor, which meant undervalued and unreliable opinion of the plebs. The medieval term rumor fama, more often fama publica, referred to a local information network or mechanism of collective evaluation of individuals’ esteem. It was also an impor- tant part of court proceedings. Both historic eras were concerned with rumor in today’s sense of the word, which often comprised or underlaid common opinion., Kateřina Soukalová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The presented paper tries to interpret the campaign before the Czech presidential election in 2013 from the perspective of Je rey Alexander’s performative theory. It argues that the process of preference formation cannot be completely explained on the basis of rational interests of the voters, media or socioeconomic strata. On the contrary, the paper based in durkheimian paradigm argues for the importance of collective emotions. The campaign is understood here as a sequence of performative acts in which the candidates, understood as collective representations, try to associate themselves with emotions of the voters. The performance in Alexander’s perspective takes place in the civil sphere formed by the cultural code with binary structure of the democratic and antidemocratic side. In this perspective the case of Czech presidential campaign will be shown with the focus on the unexpected advancement of Karel Schwarzenberg to the second round of the election., Vít Horák., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The article discusses the o cial presentations of the two most successful candidates of the rst round of the presidential elections in the Czech Republic 2013, Karel Schwarzenberg and Miloš Zeman, from the perspective of the concepts of positive and negative political advertisement and the re ection of the election campaigns by Czech citizens. By the means of the framework and content analyses the topics and the most frequent words of the o cial (created by campaigns teams) materials are identi ed. The results are interpreted with regard to the attributes of positive and negative campaign. Using the statistical analysis of the data from public opinion survey by CVVM the Czech public’s re ection of the election campaigns is described. The results of the study indicate that we can denote Zeman’s campaign after the rst round of the elections as a negative one. Zeman’s campaign has also proved to be more speci c and memorable - by both, subjective evaluation of the respondents and the associations, connected with the candidates after the elections., Monika Cervinková, Lucie Kulhavá., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
This paper deals with the representation of national and ethnic identity categories in media texts during the Population and Housing Census 2011. Census is understood here as means of constructing collective identities not as clearly pre-defined categories but as socially and media shaped parts of an individual identity. The aim of this study is thus to analyze media representations of Population and Housing Census 2011 as an event that highlights the negotiation of collective identities and the processes of the so called “identitary mobilization”. Quantitative analysis of selected articles from national newspapers enriched by findings of qualitative analysis of comments and videos from the new media shows, among others, that the Census is often represented through a kind of media discourse called national in this paper and that the processes of identitary mobilization acquire specific forms during the Census, although probably not limited to its actual period., Jitka Zalabáková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
This article deals with the issue of pre -election polling and examines the methodological approaches used in pre -election polling in the Czech Republic. Aselection of Czech research agencies is presented and explored, as well as the recommendations of various professional associations. The core of this work examines and compares the methodological approaches used by the Czech agencies CVVM, ppm factum, Median and STEM. The aim of this article is to highlight the differences in the methodological approaches among the Czech agencies and to determine whether these differences could eventually affect the outcomes of pre -election polls., Kristýna Chábová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Publikace je metodickým doporučením pro snižování rizik v prostředí hudební zábavy(diskotéky, kluby, festivaly a taneční párty), zejména s ohledem na rizika spojená s užíváním drog včetně alkoholu mezi návštěvníky. Je určena poskytovatelům preventivních a harm reduction drogových služeb, pořadatelům hudebních akcí, provozovatelům klubů a diskoték, zástupcům samospráv a voleným zástupcům. Text byl, Michal Kandler, and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Strategiím prevence problémového hráčství se v posledních letech věnovala značná pozornost i úsilí. Rozvoj, realizace a hodnocení většiny těchto iniciativ však probíhaly živelně a nepříliš koordinovaně. Spíše než na základě prokázané vědecké účinnosti byla většina z nich zavedena, protože „se zdály jako dobrý nápad“ a/nebo se používaly jinde. Primárním smyslem zprávy s názvem „Prevence problémovéh, (The Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre, OPGRC...) ; [překlad Jiří Bareš], and Obsahuje bibliografii