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30742. Prevalence of some bacteria yeasts and molds in meat foods in san luis, argentina
- Creator:
- Stagnitta, Patricia V.
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30743. Prevalence of sun protection, skin self-examination and skin cancer screening behaviors and practices among medical students In Tirana, Albania witfFamily history for skin cancer
- Creator:
- Bilushi, Yllka, Luci, Rozeta, Kuneshka, Loreta, and Maliqari, Numila
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, and TEXT
- Subject:
- klinické křížové studie, nádory kůže--prevence a kontrola, sluneční záření--škodlivé účinky, slunění, riziko, melanom--prevence a kontrola, statistika jako téma, sběr dat, rodina, anamnéza, samovyšetření--metody, mladiství, ženské pohlaví, lidé, mužské pohlaví, mladý dospělý, and studenti lékařství
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Introduction Cutaneous malignant melanoma prevalence, incidence and mortality rates are increasing in white populations worldwide more rapidly than any other cancer site (American Cancer Society, 2006). Despite the potential importance of regular skin selfexamination and promotion of selfprotection practices, little is known about the prevalence of these practices in medical students in Albanian population. Methods This is a descriptive, quantitative crosssectional study. In this study were included a sample of 150 individuals chosen among the students of Faculty of Medicine based on their family history for skin cancer. This study was started on October the 3rd and finished on November the 12th. Subjects had to fill in a structured, selfadministered questionnaire. All participants lived within Republic of Albania but at the time of the study were students in University of Tirana, Faculty of Medicine. Results In this study that we conducted we included 150 individuals supposed to have a risk for skin cancer based on their family history. 200 individuals were approached for participation. Of these, 150 individuals returned questionnaire data, yielding a response rate of 75% among eligible, successfully contacted participants. The mean age of the sample was 20.05 years (Std. Dev. = 0.925), with males (22%) and females (78%) represented unequally, because the gender configuration of the faculty itself has gender disparities with more than 80% females and only 20% male students. The majority of the sample was born in city or town (85.3%), 14.7% was born in a village. In terms of income level, 79.3% of participants had a medium income family background, 15.3% high income and 5.3% had a low income level family background. Conclusion It is important for those individuals with family history for skin cancer (which inherently indicates risk for skin cancer) to develop selfexamination and SSE behaviours and practices in order to have a protection and at least an early detection (if onset) of the different forms of Melanoma. The results of this study provide some guide as to the key areas or 'hot spots' on which to focus attention when designing supportive care interventions for melanoma survivors and those at high risk of skin cancer., Yllka Bilushi, Rozeta Luci, Loreta Kuneshka, Numila Maliqari, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30744. Prevalence of tidal expiratory flow limitation in preschool children with and without respiratory symptoms: application of the negative expiratory pressure (NEP) method
- Creator:
- Adriana Jiřičková, Šulc, Karel, Petr Pohunek, Otomar Kittnar, Alena Dohnalová, and Jiří Kofránek
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, děti předškolního věku, fyziologie, preschool children, human physiology, respiratory disorders, expiratory flow limitation, negative expiratory pressure technique, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Negative expiratory pressure (NEP) applied at the mouth during tidal expiration provides a non-invasive method for detecting expiratory flow limitation. Forty-two children were studied, i.e. 25 children with different respiratory symptoms (R) and 17 without any respiratory symptoms (NR). Children were examined without any sedation. A preset NEP of -5 cm H 2 O was applied; its duration did not exceed duration of tidal expiration. A significance of FL was judged by determining of a flow-limited range (in % of tidal volume). FL was found in 48 % children of R group. No patient of the NR group elicited FL (P<0.001 R vs. NR). The frequency of upper airway collapses was higher in R group (12 children) than in NR gr oup (5 children). In conclusion, a high frequency of tidal FL in the R group was found, while it was not present in NR group. A relatively high frequency of expiratory upper airway collapses was found in both groups, but it did not differ significantly. NEP method represents a reasonable approach for tidal flow limitation testing in non-sedated preschool children., A. Jiřičková, J. Šulc, P. Pohunek, O. Kittnar, A. Dohnalová, J Kofránek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
30745. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in small mammals from the Ardennes Region, France
- Creator:
- Afonso, Eve, Poulle, Marie-Lazarine, Lemoine, Mélissa, Villena, Isabelle, Aubert, Dominique, and Gilot-Fromont, Emmanuelle
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Serum samples from 218 small mammals trapped in forest and grassland in the Ardennes region (North-eastern France) were tested for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Using the modified agglutination test, positive results were found in 4/92 Apodemus sp., 3/64 Clethrionomys glareolus, 0/26 Microtus agrestis, 0/4 Micromys minutus, 3/5 Sorex sp., 2/9 Arvicola terrestris, and 7/18 Talpa europaea. Toxoplasma gondii was not isolated from the heart of seropositive individuals after bioassay in mice. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in large fossorial mammals living in grassland than in small forest mammals, probably related to ecological factors.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
30746. Prevalence of various antiphospholipid antibodies in pregnant women
- Creator:
- Lenka Fialová, Ludmila Mikulíková, Ivan Matouš-Malbohan, Olga Benešová, and Antonín Zwinger
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, těhotenství, pregnancy, antiphospholipid antibodies, anticardiolipid antibodies, phospholipids, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- a1_Antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) are characterized as a heterogeneous population of autoantibodies directed against different target antigens, predominantly anionic phospholipids or phospholipid-containing structures. The presence of APAs has been strongly associated with a variety of clinical disorders including adverse pregnancy complications such as spontaneous abortions, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies (ACAs), which are routinely examined, with APAs directed against phosphatidylserine (APS), phosphatidylinositol (API), phosphatidylethanolamine (APE) and phosphatidylcholine (APC) in the sera of pregnant women. We examined 410 serum samples of pregnant women hospitalized in the department for pathological pregnancies. They underwent prenatal biochemical screening of fetal congenital abnormalities in the first and the second trimester of gravidity. Anticardiolipin IgG and IgM were measured using commercial ELISA kits (ImmuLisaTM Anti-Cardiolipin Antibody), whereas APS, APE, API and APC were determined by our modified ELISA kit. Among 410 pregnant women we found 21 patients (5.1 %) positive for ACA IgG (>20 GPL) and 30 patients (7.3 %) positive for ACA IgM (>10 MPL). It was found that 7.8 % of pregnant women had at least one high-titer APA IgG and 9.8 % high-titer APA IgM. One third of ACA IgG or IgM positive sera contained polyspecific autoantibodies reactive to at least two various phospholipids. In the group of IgG ACA positive women, 28.6 % patients were positive for APS, 28.6 % were positive or moderately positive for API, 23.8 % for APC and 19 % for APE. In the group of IgM ACA positive women, 33.3 % were also positive for APS, 26.7 % for APE, 26.7 % for API and 23.3 % for APC were present., a2_IgG and IgM ACA negative patients exhibited a significantly lower incidence of other APA than the group of ACA positive pregnant women. It still remains to clarify if the routine examination of APA reacting with other anionic and zwitterionic antigens other than cardiolipin would improve the probability of identifying women liable to adverse pregnancy complications., L. Fialová, L. Mikulíková, I. Matouš-Malbohan, O. Benešová, A. Zwinger., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
30747. Prevalence, epidemiological aspects and clinical importance of TT virus infection in Slovakia
- Creator:
- Kristian, Pavol
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30748. Prevalencia abdominálnej obezity na Slovensku. Štúdia IDEA Slovakia
- Creator:
- Dukát, Andrej, Lietava, Ján, Krahulec, Boris, Čaprnda, Martin, Vacula, I., Sirotiaková, J., Kosmálová, Viera, and Minárik, P.
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- komorbidita, obezita--epidemiologie, kardiovaskulární nemoci, břišní dutina, rizikové faktory, prevalence, distribuce podle pohlaví, tělesné váhy a míry, and lidé
- Language:
- Czech, Slovak, and English
- Description:
- Abdominálna obezita predstavuje nezávislý rizikový faktor pre následné závažné kardiovaskulárne príhody. Predstavuje jedno z dôležitých diagnostických kritérií metabolického syndrómu, ktorý má približne rovnakú prediktívnu hodnotu pre závažné kardiovaskulárne príhody, ako napr. zvýšenie hladín LDL-cholesterolu. Prevalencia abdominálnej obezity v rámci komplexu metabolického syndrómu doposiaľ nebola v podmienkach Slovenska systematicky sledovaná. IDEA program na Slovensku hodnotil vzorku 4 183 pacientov v 103 centrách. Ukázal, že iba jeden z 3 dospelých obyvateľov Slovenska má normálnu telesnú hmotnosť. Takmer každý druhý dospelý obyvateľ Slovenska má prítomný abdominálny typ obezity (hodnotenú podľa kritérií ATP III). Obezita bola zistená u každej tretej ženy (34,7 %) a u každého štvrtého muža (27,0 %). Prevalencia hlavných rizikových faktorov (hypertenzia, hyperlipidémia a diabetes mellitus) sa zvyšovala so zväčšovaním sa obvodu pása., Andrej Dukát, J. Lietava, B. Krahulec, and Lit. 17
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30749. Prevalencia vybraných farmakologických a nefarmakologických faktorov ovplyvňujúcich bezpečnosť a účinnosť liečiv u hospitalizovaných seniorov
- Creator:
- Krajčík, Štefan, , Bartošovič, Ivan, and Mikus, P.
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, staří, staří nad 80 let, farmakoterapie--statistika a číselné údaje--škodlivé účinky, polypharmacy, komorbidita, věkové faktory, hypoalbuminemie, renální insuficience, and tiklopidin--škodlivé účinky
- Language:
- Czech, Slovak, and English
- Description:
- Práca uvádza prehľad faktorov, ktoré ovplyvňujú užívanie liekov v dvoch súboroch pacientov hospitalizovaných na geriatrickej klinike. V prvom súbore A bolo 128 pacientov s priemerným vekom 80,1 rokov; súbor B tvorilo 201 pacientov priemerného veku 81,7 rokov. Typickou črtou bola multimorbidita, priemerne sme u jedného pacienta zistili 10,6 diagnóz. Častou v oboch skupinách bola polyfarmácia, v súbore B 163 (81,1 %) pacientov užíva viac ako 5 liekov. Lieky potencionálne nevhodné pre starých ľudí užívalo v súbore A 29 (22, 6 % pacientov), v súbore B 36 (17,9 % pacientov). Najčastejšie užívaným liekom z tejto skupiny bol tiklopidín. 55,5 % pacientov malo zvýšenú koncentráciu kreatinínu v plazme a 59 (29,4 %) pacientov malo chronickú renálnu insuficienciu. Hypalbuminémia bola prítomná u 48 % pacientov. Demencia bola prítomná u 34,7 %, resp. 37,8 %. Poruchy zraku malo 3 %, resp. 3,9 % pacientov; 8,9 % malo závažnú poruchu sluchu. 12,9 % pacientov malo parkinsonský syndróm a 4,5 % pacientov malo poruchu prehĺtania. U 3,1 % boli prítomné poruchu pohyblivosti rúk. Faktory, ktoré môžu ovplyvniť užívanie liekov sú v starobe časté a je potrebné venovať im zvýšenú pozornosť, nakoľko môžu významne ovplyvniť účinok liekov., Š. Krajčík, I. Bartošovič, P. Mikus, and Lit.: 34
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
30750. Prevence a ekonomika
- Creator:
- Kříž, Jaroslav
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, primární prevence--ekonomika, analýza nákladů a užitku--ekonomika--metody--využití, zdravotní péče - náklady, kvalitativně upravené roky života, chronická nemoc--ekonomika--prevence a kontrola, postoj ke zdraví, podpora zdraví--ekonomika, primární prevence, efektivita nákladů, and monetární hodnota DALY a QALY
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Cílem článku je zvýšit v České republice zájem o ekonomické otázky primární prevence a ukázat, že prevence nemocí může ušetřit náklady na zdravotní péči v řádu miliard korun ročně, kromě nemalého příspěvku do hrubého domácího produktu. Pro hodnocení efektivity preventivních intervencí existuje dostatek ověřených postupů, zejména výpočet poměru Cost-benefit anebo Cost-effectiveness. Autor předkládá úvahu ke stanovení monetární hodnoty ztracených let života, DALY (Disease Adjusted Life Years), resp. QALY (Quality Adjusted Life Years) a dospívá k návrhu 780 000–1 000 000 Kč/rok (32 000–40 000 €). V závěru autor navrhuje diskusi k těmto otázkám a výzkum souvisejících problémů., The objective of the article is to call attention to economic matters in primary prevention in the Czech Republic and to reveal that primary prevention could save costs in health care in the order of tens of millions euros annually, aside of the contribution to the GDP. A number of methods is available for cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of preventive interventions. The author presents a consideration on the costs of Disease-Adjusted-Life-Year (DALY) and Quality-Adjusted-Life-Year (QALY) in the Czech Republic and proposes 780.000–1,000.000 CZK/year (32.000–40.000 €). In conclusion, the author calls for more discussion on the matters presented and for research of associated problems., Jaroslav Kříž, and Lit.: 22
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public