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452. DHA upregulates FADS2 expression in primary cortical astrocytes exposed to vitamin A
- Creator:
- Dziedzic, B., Bewicz-Binkowska, D., Zgorzynska, E., Stulczewski, D., Wieteska, L., Kaza, B., and Walczewska, A.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- vitamin A, palmitic acid, FADS2, α-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, astrocytes, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The fads2 gene encoding Δ6-desaturase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the LCPUFA biosynthesis is expressed in astrocytes. Dietary fatty acids, which cross the blood-brain barrier, may regulate the transcription of lipogenic enzymes through activation of transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). The PPARs form the transcription complex with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) that are activated by 9-cis retinoic acid, a metabolite of vitamin A (VA). The study examines whether challenge of astrocytes with VA, prior 24-h treatment with palmitic acid (PA), α-linolenic acid (ALA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has the effect on the FADS2 expression. RT-qPCR showed that in astrocytes not challenged with VA, PA increased fads2 gene expression and DHA decreased it. However, in VA-primed astrocytes, PA doubled the FADS2 mRNA levels, while DHA increased fads2 gene expression, oppositely to non-primed cells. Furthermore, similar changes were seen in VA-primed astrocytes with regard to Δ6-desaturase protein levels following PA and DHA treatment. ALA did not have any effect on the FADS2 mRNA and protein levels in either VA-primed or non-primed astrocytes. These findings indicate that in the presence of vitamin A, DHA upregulates fads2 gene expression in astrocytes., B. Dziedzic, D. Bewicz-Binkowska, E. Zgorzynska, D. Stulczewski, L. Wieteska, B. Kaza, A.Walczewska., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
453. DHEA, DHEAS and prolactin correlate with glucose control parameters in women of fertile age with type-1 diabetes mellitus
- Creator:
- Hana Kvasničková, Richard Hampl, and Karel Vondra
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, DHEA/S, prolactin, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim of our work was to provide data from women of fertile age with type 1 diabetes mellitus about the endogenous androgens and on their relations to the parameters of diabetes control. Forty-two women were examined, they did not use contraceptives for at least three months prior to the examination. A multivariate regression analysis showed that the daily insulin dose, the fasting glycemia and the HbA1c values and patient´s age correlated negatively with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone and prolactin levels. The testosterone/ dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ratio correlated positively with daily insulin dose and patient´s age. In contrast to adrenal androgens the values of other hormones, including total and free testosterone, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, LH, FSH, 17-OH-P, progesterone and cortisol revealed no significant correlation. To conclude, significant relations between the glucose control parameters and the adrenal androgens and prolactin were demonstrated. These relationships should be considered as an important factor influencing diabetes control so the additional cardiovascular risk in women with DM1., H. Kvasnickova, R. Hampl, K. Vondra., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
454. Diabetes and thyroid hormones affect connexin-43 and PKC-ε expression in rat heart atria
- Creator:
- Mitašíková, M., Lin, H., Tomáš Soukup, Imanaga, I., and Narcisa Tribulová
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, srdeční síně, fibrilace síní, diabetologie, physiology, atria of heart, atrial fibrillation, diabetology, connexin-43, PKC-ε, rat heart atria, triiodothyronine, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We have examined the changes of intercellular electrical coupling protein connexin-43 (Cx43) and of PKC-ε in heart atria of diabetic rats and/or after the treatment with triiodothyronine (T3 ). Diabetes was induced in Wistar-Kyoto rats by streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, i.v.) and atria were examined after 5 (acute stage) and 10 (chronic stage) weeks. T 3 (10 μg/100 g/day) was applied via a gastric tube for the last 10 days prior to the end of the experiments to non-diabetic and to the half of diabetic rats. Expression and phosphorylated status of Cx43, as well as expression of PKC-ε , were analyzed by Western blots using mouse monoclonal anti-Cx43 and rabbit polyclonal anti-PKC-ε antibodies. We found that the Cx43 expression was significantly increased after the treatment with T3 and in the acute diabetes. Both in diabetes and after T3 treatment the phosphorylation of Cx43 isoforms was markedly suppressed compared to the non-diabetic and T3-untreated controls. Such a down-regulation was less pronounced in diabetic rats after the T3-treatment. The expression of atrial PKC-ε was increased in diabetic rats. This increase was suppressed after T3 administration and the expression was decreased in T3-treated non-diabetic rats. We suggest that the reduced Cx43 phosphorylation in diabetic and hyperthyroid rats can deteriorate a cell-to-cell coupling and consequently facilitate a development of atrial tachyarrhythmia in diabetic or hyperthyroid animals., M. Mitašíková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
455. Diabetic macular edema-like ocular lesions in male spontaneously diabetic Torii Fatty Rats
- Creator:
- Motohashi, Y., Kemmochi, Y., Maekawa, T., Tadaki, H., Sasase, T., Tanaka, Y., Kakehashi, A., Yamada, T., and Ohta, T.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- diabetická retinopatie, diabetic retinopathy, SDT fatty rat, VEGF, diabetic macular edema, retinal thickening, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a major factor contributing to visual disabilities in diabetic patients, and the number of patients is increasing. Animal models play a key role in the development of novel therapies. In this study, pathophysiological analyses of ocular lesions in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats were performed. First, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations in vitreous humor, retinal vascular permeability and retinal thickness were measured in SDT fatty rats (Experiment 1). Furthermore, the pharmacological effects of two anti-diabetic drugs, phlorizin and pioglitazone, on retinal lesions were evaluated (Experiment 2). As results, the SDT fatty rats exhibited VEGF increase in vitreous humor at 8 and 16 weeks of age, and both retinal vascular hyperpermeability and retinal thickening at 16 weeks of age. In particular, the layers between the retinal internal limiting membrane and the outer nuclear layer were thickened. Phlorizin treatment from 4 to 16 weeks of age improved hyperglycemia and normalized retinal thickness; however, the effect of pioglitazone on retinal thickness was not strong despite the normalization of hyperglycemia. These data demonstrate that the male SDT fatty rat is a useful model for developing new therapeutic approaches in DME., Y. Motohashi, Y. Kemmochi, T. Maekawa, H. Tadaki, T. Sasase, Y. Tanaka, A. Kakehashi, T. Yamada, T. Ohta., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
456. Diagnostic significance of a mild decrease of baroreflex sensitivity with respect to heart rate in type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Creator:
- Svačinová, J., Nataša Honzíková, Krtička, A., Ingrid Tonhajzerová, Kamil Javorka, and Michal Javorka
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, baroreflex sensitivity, inter-beat interval, repeatability, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Decreased baroreflex sensitivity is an early sign of autonomic dysfunction in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the repeatability of a mild baroreflex sensitivity decrease in diabetics with respect to their heart rate. Finger blood pressure was continuously recorded in 14 young diabetics without clinical signs of autonomic dysfunction and in 14 age-matched controls for 42 min. The recordings were divided into 3-min segments, and the mean inter-beat interval (IBI), baroreflex sensitivity in ms/mm Hg (BRS) and mHz/mm Hg (BRSf) were determined in each segment. These values fluctuated in each subject within 42 min and therefore coefficients of repeatability were calculated for all subjects. Diabetics compared with controls had a decreased mean BRS (p=0.05), a tendency to a shortened IBI (p=0.08), and a decreased BRSf (p=0.17). IBI correlated with BRS in diabetics (p=0.03); th is correlation was at p=0.12 in the controls. BRSf was IBI independent (controls: p=0.81, diabetics: p=0.29). We conclude that BRS is partially dependent on mean IBI. Thus, BRS reflects not only an impairment of the quick baroreflex responses of IBI to blood pressure changes, but also a change of the tonic sy mpathetic and pa rasympathetic heart rate control. This is of significance during mild changes of BRS. Therefore, an examination of the BRSf index is highly recommended, because this examin ation improves the diagnostic value of the measurement, particul arly in cases of early signs of autonomic dysfunction., J. Svačinová ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
457. Die Philosophie Fichtès nach dem Gesammtergebnisse ihrer Entwickelung und in ihrem Verhältnisse zu Kant und Spinoza
- Creator:
- Johann Heinrich Loewe
- Publisher:
- Wilhelm Nitzsche
- Format:
- print and 321 s.
- Type:
- text, volume, pojednání, model:monograph, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofické systémy a hlediska, Tisky (19. stol.), Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 1762-1814, filozofové, německá filozofie, 101-051, 14(430), (049), 5, 12, 14, and 094.5
- Language:
- German
- Description:
- Johann Heinrich Loewe ; mit einem Anhange ueber den Gottesbegriff Spinozàs und dessen Schicksale. and KČSN
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
458. Dietary flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease
- Creator:
- Mojžišová, G. and Kuchta, M.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, flavonoidy, volné radikály, víno, dietní jídla, flavonoids, free radicals, wine, diet, coronary heart diseases, LDL, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Flavonoids, a group of phenolic compounds found naturally in fruit, vegetables, nuts, flowers, seeds and bark are an integral part of the human diet. They have been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological effects, including anti-ischemic, antiplatelet, antineoplastic, antiinflammatory, antiallergic, antilipoperoxidant or gastroprotective actions. Furthermore, flavonoids are potent antioxidants, free radical scavengers and metal chelators, and inhibit lipid peroxidation. Oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) is believed to play a crucial role in atherogenesis. Epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of fruits and vegetables, and regular red wine consumption is related with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases., G. Mojžišová, M. Kuchta., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
459. Difference in angiotensinogen haplotype frequencies between chronic heart failure and advanced atherosclerosis patients - new prognostic factor?
- Creator:
- Monika Pávková Goldbergová, Lenka Špinarová, Jindřich Špinar, Jiří Pařenica, Šišková, L., Ladislav Groch, Jan Máchal, and Anna Vašků
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, ischemická choroba srdeční, polymorfismus, ischemic heart disease, polymorphism, chronic heart failure, AGT, gene, haplotype, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Numerous association studies have been involved in studying the angiotensinogen (AGT) variants, AG T plasma levels and relations to cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease. To investigate a role of AGT G(-6)A and M235T genetic variants for chronic heart failure (CHF) and advanced atherosclerosis (AA), a total of 240 patients with CHF and 200 patients with AA of the Czech origin were evaluated for the study. The study shows the role of polymorphism AGT G(-6)A in genetic background among advanced atherosclerosis patients and chronic heart failure patients (Pg=0.001). This difference was also observed in comparison of AA patients with subgroup of CHF with dilated cardiomyopathy (Pg=0.02; Pa=0.009), and ischemic heart disease (Pg=0.007). The greatest difference between triple-vessel disease and chronic heart failure groups was observed in freque ncy of GT haplotype (P<0.001) and GGMT associated genotype (P <0.001). Retrospectively, we found the same trend when the subgroups of CHF were compared to AA group (AA vs. IHD with CHF P<0.001; AA vs. DCM P<0.001). These results suggest AGT genetic variants as a risk factor for chronic heart failure compared to advanced atherosclerosis disease without heart failure, with a strong difference between IHD patients and chronic heart failure patients with ischemic heart disease, especially in haplotypes and associated genotypes., M. Pávková Goldbergová ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
460. Differences in bisphenol A and estrogen levels in the plasma and seminal plasma of men with different degrees of infertility
- Creator:
- Vítků, J., Sosvorová, L., Chlupacova, T., Richard Hampl, Hill, M., Vladimír Sobotka, Jiří Heráček, Marie Bičíková, and Luboslav Stárka
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, bisfenol A, krevní plazma, neplodnost mužů, bisphenol A, blood plasma, male infertility, estrone, estradiol, estriol, seminal fluid, seminal plasma, LC-MS, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The general population is potentially exposed to many chemicals that can affect the endocrine system. These substances are called endocrine disruptors (EDs), and among them bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widely used and well studied. Nonetheless, there are still no data on simultaneous measurements of various EDs along with steroids directly in the seminal fluid, where deleterious effects of EDs on spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis are assumed. We determined levels of BPA and 3 estrogens using LC-MS/MS in the plasma and seminal plasma of 174 men with different degrees of infertility. These men were divided according their spermiogram values into 4 groups: (1) healthy men, and (2) slightly, (3) moderate, and (4) severely infertile men. Estradiol levels differed across the groups and body fluids. Slightly infertile men have significantly higher BPA plasma and seminal plasma levels in comparison with healthy men (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Furthermore, seminal BPA, but not plasma BPA, was negatively associated with sperm concentration and total sperm count (-0.27; p<0.001 and -0.24; p<0.01, respectively). These findings point to the importance of seminal plasma in BPA research. Overall, a disruption of estrogen metabolism was observed together with a weak but significant impact of BPA on sperm count and concentration., J. Vitku, L. Sosvorova, T. Chlupacova, R. Hampl, M. Hill, V. Sobotka, J. Heracek, M. Bicikova, L. Starka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public