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812. Insulin resistance induced by maximal exercise correlates with a post-exercise increase in uridine concentration in the blood of healthy young men

Creator:
Dudzinska, W., Lubkowska, A., Jakubowska, K., Suska, M., and Skotnicka, E.
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, uridine, HOMA-IR, exercise, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Uridine is postulated to participate in the development of insulin resistance. Since exercise is an effective tool in the treatment of insulin resistance it appeared justified to assess the impact of maximal exercise on plasma uridine and insulin sensitivity indices (e.g. insulin and HOMA-IR) in healthy subjects. The study included forty-four healthy males (18.5±2.92 years, VO2 max 50.2±6.26 ml kg-1 min-1). Subjects performed a single maximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Blood samples were taken three times: immediately before exercise, immediately after exercise and at the 30th min of rest. Uridine concentrations were determined in the whole blood using high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum insulin levels were measured by a specific ELISA method. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR). A maximal exercise-induced increase in the concentration of uridine correlated with post-exercise increases in insulin levels and HOMA-IR. Our results indicate a relationship between the concentration of uridine in the blood and indicators of insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. We are the first to demonstrate that a maximal exercise-induced increase in the concentration of uridine is correlated with post-exercise increases in insulin levels and HOMA-IR in healthy subjects. It appears that uridine may be an indicator of insulin resistance., W. Dudzinska, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

813. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

Creator:
Kateřina Kotrčová, Martina Pechová, Karel Kotaška, and Průša, P.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Liver cirrhosis, GFBP-3, Liver tests, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Aim of the study was to evaluate serum levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in patients with liver cirrhosis and to compare serum IGFBP-3 levels with other liver function tests. Fifty-one patients with liver cirrhosis were selected for our study. We measured IGFBP-3 (1.67±1.06 mg/l, mean ± SD), albumin (32±8 g/l), prealbumin (0.22±0.14 g/l), AST (2.29±2.38 mkat/l), ALT (2.11±4.83 mkat/l) and cholinesterase (mean 78.6±45.2 mkat/l) in the serum. There was a significant positive correlation of serum IGFBP-3 with serum albumin and serum cholinesterase. The correlation coefficient was much lower between serum IGFBP-3 and serum prealbumin. There was no significant correlation between serum AST, ALT and IGFBP-3. Serum IGFBP-3 proves to be a better marker for the hepatic synthetic capacity than serum albumin or cholinesterase., K. Šídlová, M. Pechová, K. Kotaška, R. Průša., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

814. Intake of carp meat from two aquaculture production systems aimed at secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease - a follow-up study

Creator:
Jan Mráz, Tomáš Zajíc, Pavel Kozák, Jana Picková, Kacer, P., Václav Adámek, Kralova Lesna, I., Věra Lánská, and Věra Adámková
Format:
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Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, kapři, rybí olej, carp, cardiovascular health, n-3 PUFA, fish oil, nutrition, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Our previous study showed that a diet enriched with 400 g of carp per week improved plasma lipids in subjects after aortocoronary bypass (CABG). The aim of the present study is to determine whether the differe nt carp farming systems have an impact on the effects of carp meat in secondary cardiovascula r prevention. We examined 3 groups of patients after CABG over a 4-week period of spa treatment (108 persons, 73 males, 35 females, age over 60 years). We found no differences in baseline values of blood pressure or plasma lipids. The patients were given a standard spa diet (controls; N=36) or a diet enriched of 400 g of car p meat per week, enriched omega-3 (N=37) or cereal carp (N=35). Plasma lipid parameters were examined at start and after 4 weeks in a routine laboratory setting. Group consuming omega-3 carp showed the largest decline in total cholesterol, LDL ch olesterol, triglycerides and an increase in HDL cholesterol (all p<0.01). We found that carp meat from the two production systems showed significantly different effects on plasma lipids. Further t rials should be performed to clarify the exact causes of the differences., J. Mraz, T. Zajic, P. Kozak, J. Pickova, P. Kacer, V. Adamek, I. Kralova Lesna, V. Lanska, V. Adamkova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

815. Integration of the thiol redox status with cytokine response to physical training in professional basketball players

Creator:
Zembron-Lacny, A., Slowinska-Lisowska, M., and Ziemba, A.
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, cytokiny, atleti, cytokines, athletes, thiol redox, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The present study was designed to evaluate the plasma markers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and cytokines, and their relationship with thiol redox status of basketball players during training. Sixteen professional players of the Polish Basketball Extraleague participated in the study. The study was performed during the preparatory period and the play-off round. Markers of ROS activity (lipid peroxidation TBARS, protein carbonylation PC) and reduced glutathione (GSH) demonstrated regularity over time, i.e. TBARS, PC and GSH were elevated at the beginning and decreased at the end of training periods. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was not affected by exercise training. Thiol redox status (GSHtotal-2GSSG/GSSG) correlated with TBARS and PC in both training periods. The level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was increased and positively correlated with thiol redox (r=0.423) in the preparatory period, whereas tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) was increased and inversely correlated with thiol redox (r=-0.509) in the play-off round. The present study showed significant shifts in markers of ROS activity, thiol redox status and inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNFα) following professional sport training as well as correlation between changes in thiol redox and cytokine response., A. Zembron-Lacny, M. Slowinska-Lisowska, A. Ziemba., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

816. Integrative pattern of vasomotor efficiency in SHR during ontogenesis

Creator:
Mária Gerová and Kristek, F.
Format:
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Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, ontogeneze, acetylcholin, kardiovaskulární systém, physiology, ontogeny, acetylcholine, cardiovascular system, spontaneously hypertensive rats, noradrenaline, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Numerous studies concerning the cardiovascular system in SHR often yield controversial data. The background of this diversity has various roots, ranging from different vascular segments or areas studied up to the different age of experimental animals. Our study aimed to follow the BP as an integrated response of vascular system. This approach was justified since stabilized cardiac output in SHR was proved till 1 year of age. The groups of male SHR (aged 3, 5, 9, 17 and 52 weeks) and age-matched Wistar rats were used. Significant basal BP difference between SHR and Wistar rats was found at 9 weeks of age and continued till the age of 52 weeks, reaching 189.6±11.9 mm Hg in SHR and 117.3±6.9 mm Hg in Wistar rats (P<0.01). The significant difference in BP increase to two doses of noradrenaline (0.1μg and 1 μg) between SHR and control rats was also found at the age of 9 weeks. At 52 weeks the BP increment to two doses of noradrenaline was in SHR 19.7±2.0 mm Hg and 60.5±3.9 mm Hg and in Wistar rats 7.4±1.9 mm Hg and 40.5±3.2 mm Hg (P<0.01). The hypotensive response to acetylcholine (0.1 μg, 1 μg and 10 μ) in SHR was enhanced at 17 weeks of age only and this amplification persisted till the age of 52 weeks. In 52-week-old SHR the hypotensive response to three doses was 69.9±10.2 mm Hg, 87.5±11.8 mm Hg and 103.4±10.6 mm Hg, while in Wistar rats it was 37.4 4.2 mm Hg P<0.0), 62.3±3.5 mm Hg (P<0.01) and 73.5±2.8 mm Hg (P<0.05). In conclusion, the efficiency of cardiovascular system of SHR to respond to noradrenaline was already enhanced from 9 weeks of age, whereas the response to acetylcholine was not augmented before the age of 17 weeks., M. Gerová, F. Kristek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické údaje
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

817. Inter-collicular suppression compresses all types of rate-amplitude functions of inferior collicular neurons in mice

Creator:
Cheng, Liang, Mei, Hui-Hian, and Huang, Yun
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, inter-collicular suppression, rate-amplitude function, amplitude-coding, inferior colliculus, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The two i nferior colliculi (IC) are paired structures in the midbrain that are connected to each other by a bundle of commissural fibers. The fibers play an important role in coordinating sound signal processing between the two inferior colliculi. This study examined inter-collicular suppression on sound signal processing in amp litude domain of mice by measuring the rate-amplitude functions (RAFs) of neurons in one IC during the electrical stimulation of the opposite IC. Three types (monotonic, saturated and non-monotonic) RAFs of collicular neurons were measured before and durin g inter-collicular suppression. Inter-collicular suppression significantly increased the slope, decreased the dynamic range and narrowed down the responsive amplitude of all RAFs to high amplitude level but did not change the type of most (36/43, 84 % ) RAFs. As a result, all types of RAFs were compressed at a greater degree at low than at high sound amplitude during inter-collicular suppression. These data indicate that inter-collicular suppression improve sound processing in the high amplitude domain., Liang Cheng, Hui-Xian Mei, Yun Huang., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

818. Interaction between single nucleotide polymorphism in catalase gene and catalase activity under the conditions of oxidative stress

Creator:
Komina, A. V., Korostileva, K. A., Gyrylova, S. N., Belonogov, R. N., and Ruksha, T. G.
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, catalase, polymorphism, free radicals, H2 O2, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Catalase is an antioxidant enzyme the activity of which is crucial for the protection against damage caused by reactive oxygen species. The –262C>T polymorphism in the promoter region of catalase gene was found to be associated with altered catalase levels. In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells catalase activity was measured after H2 O2-induced oxidative stress. C/T and T/T genotypes were associated with the decrease of catalase levels in contrast to C/C donors who had elevated catalase activity in the presence of 0.4 and 0.7 mM H2 O2. Genotypedependent response of catalase activity to oxidative stress might be related to the predisposition of catalase mutant allele carriers to disorders mediated by oxidative stress., A. V. Komina, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

819. Interaction of glutamate- and adenosine-induced decrease of acetylcholine quantal release at frog neuromuscular junction

Creator:
Svatopluk Adámek, Shakirzyanova, A. V., Malomouzh, A. I., Naumenko, N. V., and Vyskočil, F.
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, endplate potentials, guanylyl cyclase, carbacholine, ATP, NO, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
In a frog neuromuscular preparation of m. sartorius, glutamate had a reversible dose-dependent inhibitory effect on both spontaneous miniature endplate potentials (MEPP) and nerve stimulation-evoked endplate potentials (EPP). The effect of glutamate on MEPP and EPP is caused by the activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors, as it was eliminated by MCPG, an inhibitor of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. The depression of evoked EPP, but not MEPP frequency was removed by inhibiting the NO production in the muscle by L-NAME and by ODQ that inhibits the soluble NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase. The glutamate-induced depression of the frequency of spontaneous MEPP is apparently not caused by the stimulation of the NO cascade. The particular glutamate-stimulated NO cascade affecting the evoked EPP can be down-regulated also by adenosine receptors, as the glutamate and adenosine actions are not additive and application of adenosine partially prevents the further decrease of quantal content by glutamate. On the other hand, there is no obvious interaction between the glutamatemediated inhibition of EPP and inhibitory pathways triggered by carbacholine and ATP. The effect of glutamate on the evoked EPP release might be due to NO-mediated modulation (phosphorylation) of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels at the presynaptic release zone that are necessary for evoked quantal release and open during EPP production., S. Adámek ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

820. Interleukin-10 is differentially expressed in the small intestine and the colon experiencing chronic inflammation and ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in young pigs

Creator:
Lackeyram, D., Young, D., Kim, C. J., Yang, C., Archbold, T. L., Mine, Y., and Fan, M. Z.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, záněty, cytokiny, inflammations, cytokines, chronic bowel inflammation, gut permeability, IL-10, colonic ulcerative colitis, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
ntestinal inflammation induced with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) is used to study acute or chronic ulcerative colitis in animal models. Decreased gut tissue anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 concentration and mRNA abundance are associated with the development of chronic bowel inflammation. Twelve piglets of 3 days old were fitted with an intragastric catheter and randomly allocated into control and DSS groups by administrating either sterile saline or 1.25 g of DSS/ kg body weight (BW) in saline per day, respectively, for 10 days. Growth rate and food conversion efficiency were reduced (p<0.05) in the DSS piglets compared with the control group. Quantitative histopathological grading of inflammation in the jejunum and colon collectively showed that the DSS tr eatment resulted in 12 fold greater (p<0.05) inflammation severity scoring in the colon than in the jejunum, indicative of chronic ulcerative colitis in the colon. Upper gut permeability endpoint was 27.4 fold high er (p<0.05) in the DSS group compared with the control group. The DSS group had higher concentrations and mRNA abundances (p<0.05) of TNF - α and IL-6 in the jejunal and colonic tissues compared with the control group. Colonic concentration and mRNA abundanc e of IL-10 were reduced (p<0.05), however, jejunal IL-10 mRNA abundance was increased (p<0.05) in the DSS group compared with the control group. In conclusion , administration of DSS at 1.25 g/kg BW for 10 days respectively induced acute inflammation in th e jejunum and chronic inflammation and ulcerative colitis in the colon with substantially decreased colonic concentration and mRNA abundance of IL-10 in the young pigs, mimicking the IL-10 expression pattern in humans associated with chronic bowel inflamma tion., D. Lackeyram, D. Young, C. J. Kim, C. Yang, T. L. Archbold, Y. Mine, M. Z. Fan., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public