Number of results to display per page
Search Results
1752. Ard marks and changes in land use at the beginning of the Early Middle Ages: A case study from the site of Miłosławice, north Silesia
- Creator:
- Baron, Justyna
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Early Middle Ages, ard marks, mound, Silesia, land use, časný středověk, stopy orby, mohyla, jihozápadní Polsko, and využití půdy
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- In a forest near the present village of Miłosławice in Silesia, 34 mounds of various sizes were found that are the results of human activity. Research including excavations of two of them has not proved the original intention of the mound builders, and only one burnt human bone makes it impossible to interpret the whole area as barrow cemetery, but the plough marks found under a large mound are interesting. Both the stratigraphy and pollen data enable us to prove a change in land use, which took place between 6 and 8th centuries AD as 14C dating from the mounds revealed. The paper aims to present and discuss the ard furrows discovered recently under a large round mound at Miłosławice. The study is focused on the remains of the furrows and their stratigraphical relationship with the mounds. and V lese nedaleko dnešní vsi Miłosławice ve Slezsku bylo objeveno 34 mohyl různé velikosti, které jsou pozůstatkem lidské aktivity. Výzkum zahrnující odkryv dvou z nich neprokázal původní záměr stavitelů mohyl; jediná přepálená lidská kost neumožňuje interpretovat celou lokalitu jako mohylové pohřebiště, pozoruhodné jsou však stopy orby zjištěné pod jednou z velkých mohyl. Jak stratigrafická, tak palynologická data nám dovolují prokázat změnu využití půdy, která se odehrála mezi 6. a 8. stol. n. l., jak dokládá 14C datování vzorků z mohyl. Cílem článku je prezentovat a diskutovat orební brázdy nedávno objevené pod velkou okrouhlou mohylou. Studie se zaměřuje na stopy brázd a jejich stratigrafický vztah s mohylami.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1753. Are Acute Changes After Status Epilepticus in Immature Rats Persistent?
- Creator:
- Suchomelová, L., Hana Kubová, Renata Haugvicová, Rastislav Druga, and Pavel Mareš
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Status epilepticus, Rat, Development, EEG, Behavior, Histology, Motor performance, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Early consequences of lithium-pilocarpine convulsive status epilepticus (SE) were studied six days after this status had been induced in rat pups at the age of either 12 or 25 days. Studies of spontaneous EEG activity demonstrated the presence of epileptic phenomena (isolated spikes) in both hippocampus and cortex (cortical spikes were more expressed in the older group). There were no marked behavioral correlates of spikes and transition into the ictal phase was exceptional. The motor performance on a rotorod and a horizontal bar was the same in experimental and control rats of both ages. Behavior in the open field was changed in a reverse manner in the two age groups: the locomotor activity of rats with induced seizures at the age of 12 days was significantly lower than that of their control siblings, whereas animals undergoing status at the age of 25 days were hyperactive. In addition, they also exhibited increased exploratory activity (rearing) and their habituation to the open field was deranged. Nissl-stained brain sections demonstrated extensive brain damage in the older group in contrast to the negative findings in younger animals. EEG, behavioral and morphological changes induced by status epilepticus in developing rats persisted for 6 days after the status. They markedly differed according to the age of animals., L. Suchomelová, H. Kubová, R. Haugvicová, R. Druga, P. Mareš., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1754. Are differences in hydrocarbon profiles able to mediate strain recognition in German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)?
- Creator:
- Rivault, Colette, Cloarec, Ann, and Sreng, Leam
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Cuticular hydrocarbons, strain recognition, and Blattella germanica
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Previous behavioural tests indicated that strain recognition and aggregation behaviour could be induced by cuticular hydrocarbons. The aim of this study was to document and to compare cuticular hydrocarbon profiles between different strains of Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) and to relate variations in the general profile of cuticular hydrocarbons with strain discrimination during behavioural tests. Profiles of different strains were remarkably similar qualitatively but presented slight quantitative differences over the 25 identified components. Important differences were observed in dimethylalkane components and these allowed separation of the strains into two groups using multivariate methods. Although we were not able to demonstrate a relationship between strain discrimination ability and differences in cuticular hydrocarbon profiles, we assumed that cuticular hydrocarbons could play two major roles in B. germanica strains. Less variable hydrocarbon profiles could play a role in species recognition and aggregation behaviour and the more variable part could play a role in strain discrimination.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1755. Are embryonal neurones used for transplantation "sufficiently immature"?
- Creator:
- Pokorný, J., Langmeier, M., and Trojan, S.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- hippocampus, embryonal neurones, neuronal suspension, and dendritic development
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Live neuronal suspensions, prepared from the hippocampal region of donors aged 20 embryonal days, were observed in the Nomarski Differential Interference Contrast. Many neurones displayed profiles, resembling dendrites or axons and both principal hippocampal neurones (pyramidal and granular cells) were identified. For transplantation studies, donors of a younger embryonal age are thus recommended.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1756. Are local active networks a reliable densification of national RTK positioning network?: A case study in Spain
- Creator:
- Garrido, Mª Selmira, Gil, Antonio J., and Gaitán, Rafael
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, management jakosti, datové sítě, quality control, data networks, GNSS, RTK Positioning, data acquisition, RTK network, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The use of Continuously Operating Reference Stations, both singly and as part of an active network, is widely employed in surveying, engineering and other geomatics applications, achieving high accuracy positioning even in real time. With an active network the measurements of the reference stations are processed jointly in order to model the errors and compute network RTK corrections. Due to distance dependent errors (ionospheric and tropospheric delays), single base RTK positioning accuracy decreases with increased baseline length. However, the network solution (NRTK) retains the accuracy and the time to fix ambiguities (TTFA) at a constant level. This study aims to contribute to the scientific research on real time positioning based on active networks. In Southern Spain, ERGNSS, a national CORS network that provides GNSS data for post-processing and real time single- b ased reference station corrections, shares territory with the Andalusian Positioning Network (RAP), a local active network. RAP provides network an d single-based RTK corrections. In order to analyze the quality of real time positioning based on both networks, several tests have been performed on a sample of test points. The reference frame, the time to fix ambiguity resolution, precision, accuracy and repeatability of RTK positioning are considered as the evaluation parameters. The results confirm that the RAP network complements the precise positioning services provided by the ERGNSS network, ensuring accurate real time positioning, full cove rage and reliable positioning services in the Andalusian Community., Mª Selmira Garrido, Antonio J. Gil and Rafael Gaitán., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1757. Are macrophyte-dwelling Chironomidae (Diptera) largely opportunistic in selecting plant species?
- Creator:
- Tóth, Monica, Móra, Arnold, Kiss, Béla, Dévai, György, and Specziár, András
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Chironomidae, macrophytes, habitat preference, vegetation pattern, environmental variables, backwater, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this study we evaluate how variations in taxonomic composition and physical structure of macrophyte stands affect plant-dwelling chironomid assemblages in highly variable macrophyte assemblages in two densely vegetated backwaters. By using multivariate explanatory techniques we found that similar vegetation composition did not unequivocally relate to similar chironomid assemblages, moreover the diversity of macrophyte stands did not correlate with the taxonomic diversity of chironomid assemblages in the backwaters investigated. Taxonomic composition and structural characteristics of the vegetation had little influence on the taxonomic or functional (i.e. feeding groups) composition of chironomid assemblages inhabiting them. Similarly, there are only weak relationships between the distribution of certain chironomid species or functional feeding groups and the environmental variables investigated. In general, the structure of the vegetation was more closely associated with the distribution of dominant chironomid taxa than compositional variables (i.e. density of specific macrophyte taxa). In summary, the structure of aquatic vegetation (i.e. position, size of a stand of vegetation, total plant density) and characteristics of the environment where it develops may be more important in shaping plant-dwelling chironomid assemblages than the taxonomic composition of the vegetation., Mónika Tóth ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1758. Are mammal communities occurring at a regional scale reliably represented in “hub” bushmeat markets? A case study with Bayelsa State (Niger Delta, Nigeria)
- Creator:
- Akani, Godfrey C., Amadi, Nioking, Eniang, Edem A., Luiselli, Luca, and Petrozzi, Fabio
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- mammalia, hunting, marketing of wildlife, and West Africa
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Monitoring of bushmeat markets has traditionally been seen as a source of faunistic and ecological data on mammal communities in West Africa. Nonetheless, it is largely unexplored whether datasets coming from monitoring of large “hub” markets in towns can reliably picture the mammal faunas and community compositions at the local level. Here, Swali market in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, that is one of the largest bushmeat markets in the Niger Delta, was monitored for six months in 2013-2014. Data from Swali market were compared with those collected during regular field surveys at five protected forests situated within 15 km radius from the market. A total of 21 mammal species was recorded at Swali versus 29 in the five protected forests. The trade was more intense by wet season. There was a statistically significant linear relationship between mean weight of the sold mammal and its price. A considerable portion of species that occur at the protected forests did not occur in the market samples, including the very rare species and the small-sized species. However, the abundance in the market of the common species was positively related to their apparent field abundance in the forest reserves. Therefore, it is concluded that large-sized bushmeat markets did not depict reliably the whole faunal composition and the community structure of mammals in West Africa, although these types of surveys are sufficient to characterize the abundance distribution of the common species at the regional scale.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1759. Are there any differences between stress hormone levels in non-stress conditions and in potentional stress overload (heart catheterisation) in sows?
- Creator:
- Hana Skarlandtová, Marie Bičíková, Petr Neužil, Mikuláš Mlček, Vladimír Hrachovina, Svoboda, T., Eva Medová, Kudlička, J., Alena Dohnalová, Štěpán Havránek, Hana Kazihnitková, Ludmila Máčová, Veřejková, E., and Otomar Kittnar
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, stres (fyziologie), kortizol, prasnice, stress (physiology), cortisol, sows, stress hormones, heart catheterisation, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In order to study a possible effect of mini-invasive heart intervention on a response of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, we analyzed four stress markers (cortisol, cortisone, DHEA and DHEAS) in 25 sows using minimally invasive heart catheterisation as the stress factor. The marker levels were assessed in four periods of the experiment, (1) the baseline level on the day before intervention, (2) after the introduction of anesthesia, (3) after conducting tissue stimulation or ablation, and (4) after the end of the catheterisation. For statistical analyses we used the non-parametric Friedman test for four dependent samples (including all four stages of the operation) or three dependent samples (influence of operation only, baseline level was excluded). Statistically significant differences in both Friedman tests were found for cortisol and for cortisone. Significant differences for DHEA as well as for DHEAS were found for all tested stages but not for the effect of operation itself. We have concluded that cortisol levels are blunted by the influence of anesthesia after its administration, and therefore decrease back to the baseline at the end of the operation. The other markers (cortisone, DHEA and DHEAS) acted as balanced systems against the injurious stress effect., H. Skarlandtová, M. Bičíková, P. Neužil, M. Mlček, V. Hrachovina, T. Svoboda, E. Medová, J. Kudlička, A. Dohnalová, Š. Havránek, H. Kazihnítková, L. Máčová, E. Vařejková, O. Kittnar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1760. Are there any differences in the excitation-contraction coupling of the working myocardium of adult and newborn Guinea-pigs?
- Creator:
- Fiala, P.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Guinea-pig, ontogeny, action potential, contractility, and excitation-contraction coupling
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Action potentials (APs) and the force of isometric contractions of the right ventricular papillary muscles were measured in adult and newborn guinea-pigs. The measurements were carried out in the steady state with the rate of stimulation of 0.1, 1, and 2 Hz, and further some measurements were done in which Sr2+ was substituted for Ca2- The duration of APs of the newborn animals without pharmacological treatment was significantly shorter in comparison with that of the adults at all the used stimulation frequencies. An analogous sensitivity was found in the contractile force to increased stimulation frequency and when the steady state stimulation was discontinued by the insertion of interpolated extrasystoles in papillary muscles of adult or newborn animals. The biphasic contractions of papillary muscles were evoked in both groups of animals by the incomplete substitution of Sr2+ by Ca2+ in the presence of isoprenaline. The early component of the biphasic contractions had a faster course as compared to the late component and disappeared in the presence of caffeine in both groups of animals. Our results suggest that the heart cells of newborn guinea-pigs probably possess the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), whose function does not differ in quality from that of the adult guinea-pigs. The postnatal prolongation of APs is therefore not probably the result of postnatal development changes of the functions of SR, but could be related to changes in the relations between the surface and volume of the heart cell during its growth.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public