The article deals with the forms of the adaption of vernacular buildings situated in the upper part of the Ore Mountains to cold
climate. Unfavourable climatic conditions in the mountainous areas were a significantly restricting factor, especially in terms of agriculture and permanent settlement. The Ore Mountains folk house is a result of the century-long adaptation to cold climate, and as such it includes a set of purposeful measures. These could be seen in the layout and construction of the house (a compact house with integrated shed, specific forms of roof) and materials used
(boarding or shingle-panelling to protect gables and half-timbered
walls, shingle or thatch roofs). Different architectural elements, which were conditioned by the local climate and were typical for the
traditional architecture in the Ore Mountains, developed there (wind
porch, bay toilet, another entrance on the second floor).
The present text maps the actual situation of the participants of the controlled resettlement from the former Soviet Union to the Czech Republic in the years 1992–1993. Better to say, it maps the situation of a group of these settlers who at present live in the village Milovice, in the revitalized former military domain in the south-eastern part of the region Střední Čechy (Central Bohemia). The aim of the research was to analyze how the settlers perceive their reception from part of the majorite society, to study their adaptive strategies and to find out if the resettlement to the Czech Republic and the choice of the mentioned locality fulfilled their wishes and to what degree. The final part of the article summarizes what the settlers see as positive and what as negative aspects of the resettlement. The text is based on repeated directed interviews and observations realized in Milovice in the years 2008–2009.
In this paper, the finite-time stabilization problem of chained form systems with parametric uncertainties is investigated. A novel switching control strategy is proposed for adaptive finite-time control design with the help of Lyapunov-based method and time-rescaling technique. With the proposed control law, the uncertain closed-loop system under consideration is finite-time stable within a given settling time. An illustrative example is also given to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
This paper is concerned with the finite-time synchronization problem for a class of cross-strict feedback underactuated hyperchaotic systems. Using finite-time control and backstepping control approaches, a new robust adaptive synchronization scheme is proposed to make the synchronization errors of the systems with parameter uncertainties zero in a finite time. Appropriate adaptive laws are derived to deal with the unknown parameters of the systems. The proposed method can be applied to a variety of chaotic systems which can be described by the so-called cross-strict feedback systems. Numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed control scheme.
Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) with first order Sugeno consequent is used widely in modeling applications. Though it has the advantage of giving good modeling results in many cases, it is not capable of modeling highly non-linear systems with high accuracy. In this paper, an efficient way for using ANFIS with Sugeno second order consequents is presented. Better approximation capability of Sugeno second order consequents compared to lower order Sugeno consequents is shown. Subtractive clustering is used to determine the number and type of membership functions. A hybrid-learning algorithm that combines the gradient descent method and the least squares estimate is then used to update the parameters of the proposed Second Order Sugeno-ANFIS (SOS-ANFIS). Simulation of the proposed SOS-ANFIS for two examples shows better results than that of lower order Sugeno consequents. The proposed SOS-ANFIS shows better initial error, better convergence, quicker convergence and much better final error value.
We investigate the control of dynamical networks for the case of nodes, that although different, can be make passive by feedback. The so-called V-stability characterization allows for a simple set of stabilization conditions even in the case of nonidentical nodes. This is due to the fact that under V-stability characterization the dynamical difference between node of a network reduces to their different passivity degrees, that is, a measure of the required feedback gain necessary to make the node stable at a desired solution. We propose a pinning control strategy that extends this approach to solve the tracking problem, furthermore using an adaptive controller approach we provide a methodology to impose a common reference trajectory to a network of different nodes by pinning only a few of them to the desired solution. We illustrate our results with numerical simulation of well-known benchmark systems.
A method based on the adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is presented for computing the narrow aperture dimension of the pyramidal horn. Eight optimization algorithms, least-squares, hybrid learning, Nelder-Mead, genetic, differential evolution, particle swarm, simulated annealing, and clonal selection, are used to optimally determine the design parameters of the ANFIS. The narrow aperture dimension computed by using the ANFIS is used in the optimum gain pyramidal horn design. The computed gains of the designed pyramidal horns are in a very good agreement with the desired gains. When the performances of ANFIS models are compared with each other, the best result is obtained from the ANFIS model trained by the least-squares algorithm.
Adaptivně administrované testy s dichotomně skórovanými položkami jsou již v odborné literatuře poměrně dobře popsány a v praxi jsou stále častěji využívány. Předložená studie popisuje a hlouběji analyzuje možnosti adaptivní administrace testů s polytomními položkami, které jsou nejčastěji využívány v široké oblasti diagnostiky osobnosti. Na základě rozboru adaptivní administrace testu NEO PI-R jsou prozkoumány výhody a nevýhody tohoto přístupu. Adaptivní administrace ve srovnání s plnou délkou testu úspěšně rekonstruuje úroveň všech měřených rysů, a to za použití výrazně nižšího počtu položek. Výrazným problémem je však nadužívání několika málo položek, které jsou charakteristické vysokou mírou rozlišovací účinnosti. Pro studii byl využit reprezentativní soubor osob, který byl sestaven za účelem standardizace dotazníku NEO PI-R v českých podmínkách (N = 2084). and Adaptive administration of NEO PI-R: limits and benefits
Adaptively administered tests with dichotomously scored items are already well described in the relevant literature and used in practice. The presented study analyses the possibilities of adaptive administration of test with polytomous items, which are commonly used in personality testing. Based on analysis of simulated adaptive administration of NEO PI-R, the limits and benefits of this approach are discussed. It was found that adaptive administration successfully and more effectively reconstructs the level of measured traits ADAPTIVNÍ ADMINISTRACE NEO PI-R: VÝHODY A OMEZENÍ1 MARTIN JELÍNEK, PETR KVĚTON, DALIBOR VOBOŘIL Psychologický ústav AV ČR, Brno in comparison with full scale administration. On the other hand, significant problem consists in overexposure of several items with highest item discrimination power. Representative sample built for the purposes of Czech standardization of NEO PI-R was used (N = 2084).