The aim of this article is to fill in the gap in research focusing on the problem of the political participation of women in the Czech Republic. Based on text and interview analysis, it explains the role of women activists in Czech parliamentary parties in endorsing women for election to representative bodies. The article begins by describing the associations formed by women party activists and their position within the party structure, and then looks at the role of these associations in supporting women’s access to political structures. It also describes how women party activists take into account the barriers to women’s political participation and possible ways of removing these restraints. The final part introduces the hypothesis that although the creation of these associations seems to be a positive step towards improving women chances of gaining access to representative bodies, in their present form and circumstances they have no power to achieve any significant improvement in the status quo., Veronika Šprincová., tabulka, and Obsahuje bibliografii
The aim of this article is to analyse population development in the district´s area in the period of 1880-1910. The demographical transition continued in Bohemia until the end of the 19th century with changing populations and reproductive behaviour. The political district of Kolín belonged among Czech areas with fairly early asserted changes. That was because of the region´s economic maturity and also the closeness to Prague, from where these new tendencies of reproductive behaviour spread. Population development was also influenced by high migration., Iva Blümelová., and Obsahuje odkazy pod čarou
Alfons Mucha., Vydáno jako soukromý tisk ... v 300 exemplářích, and Černo-modrý tisk, na rubu titulního listu Muchova zednářská značka, na rubu tiráže Jiránkova
Recent trends in health care provision, targeted by social science researchers employing concepts such as deprofessionalization, routinisation, proletarisation or commercialisation, also provide insight into the current situation in the Czech healthcare system. This article contributes to debates in, and about, Czech medicine. This paper presents results from a survey of physicians conducted in late 2012. Within this survey, medical doctors expressed their opinions about the general situation in Czech medicine. Czech doctors were also asked about their opinions about the introduction of potential changes in reproductive medicine practice relating to childbirth outside hospitals, accessibility to assisted reproduction for single women, performing caesarean sections upon request. Doctors’ attitudes towards medical manipulation of DNA and embryos were also examined. The survey results presented in this study suggest that there are deep gaps in the attitudes of Czech doctors depending on their working environment. The empirical results do not support an image of homogeneity in doctors’ medical opinions. Czech physicians’ attitudes are shown to correlate with some socio-demographic characteristics such as sex category, age or religion. The attitudes of some doctors toward assisted reproduction techniques or changes in obstetric practices are supportive of demands for change made by some patients. Physician support for change of the practices under question is more evident in medical specialisations such as gynaecology and obstetrics than in other areas of Czech medicine. Answers to open-ended questions that examined perception of the most serious problems in modern medicine were dominated by specific issues arising from experience with patients and broader concerns regarding the Czech healthcare system., Lenka Slepičková a Iva Šmídová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Tento článek používá empirická data při evaluaci postojů českých mluvčích k lexikálním výpůjčkám, převzatých z celonárodního průzkumu, který byl proveden v listopadu roku 2005 v Centru pro výzkum veřejného mínění – Sociologický ústav AV ČR.1 Tento výzkum (dále jen „Postoje“), který spojuje synchronní a diachronní úhel pohledu, představuje první větší studii svého typu v návaznosti na Tejnora z října 1970.2 Autor srovnává své závěry nejen se zjištěními Tejnorovými, ale i s celou řadou novějších dat, zahrnující výsledky z vlastního dotazníku distribuovaného v malém měřítku v červnu-červenci 2005, a dalších dvou úzce zaměřených prací Jiřího Krause [1995] a Silke Gesterové [2000].3 V textu jsou odlišeny dva hlavní parametry: názory na jazykové prostředky a hodnocení toho, jak jich mluvčí užívá. Bohužel, není v mezích této studie upřesnit realitu úzu těchto prostředků mluvčím, ale Český národní korpus potvrzuje, že níže uvedená převzatá slova jako celek tvoří důležitou část dnešní slovní zásoby., This article uses empirical data to evaluate Czech perceptions of lexical borrowing, based on a nationwide poll conducted in November 2005 by the Public Opinion Research Centre of the Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The survey combines synchronic and diachronic perspectives, and is the first major study of its kind since Tejnor, October 1970. It broadly concludes that most Czechs accept functionally necessary loanwords, but feel that their language contains a surfeit of peripheral foreign terms, which are used too frequently and somewhat inappropriately. Resistance to lexical innovation from other languages is especially strong amongst the elderly (particularly men) and the less well educated., and Tom Dickins.
This paper examines the variation in personal values and attitudes towards family and marriage in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Czech and Slovak societies have been characterized by an intensive transformation process since 1989. The political and economic transformation was followed by intensive demographic changes (some even talk about a second demographic transition) that was similar in both societies. Here it is assumed that values are independent variables that have an impact on behaviour, and it is argued that demographic changes have been brought about by changes in values and attitudes concerning the family, marriage and children. Therefore, this article examines if the trends in value observed between 1991 and 2008 were accompanied by similar demographic changes. Data from three waves of the European Value Study (EVS) are used together with official vital demographic statistics., Ladislav Rabušic, Beatrice Chromková Manea., and Obsahuje bibliografii