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32532. Relations of the Apostolic See to the Czech Lands during the Reformation and Confessionalisation (1526-1620) /
- Creator:
- Černušák, Tomáš,
- Type:
- text and studie
- Subject:
- Dějiny křesťanské církve, Habsburkové (rod), papežství, dějiny církevní, vztahy Čechy-papežství, politika církevní, koncil tridentský (1545-1563), kurie papežská, české země 1526-1620, and papežství, církevní politika
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
32533. Relations of the United States of America and Federal Republic of Germany in the Years 1963-1966 /
- Creator:
- Janoušek, Petr
- Type:
- text and studie
- Subject:
- Mezinárodní vztahy, světová politika, vztahy USA-Německo, politika zahraniční, USA, světové dějiny od r. 1945 do současnosti, zahraniční politika, mezinárodní vztahy, and Německo
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
32534. Relationship among reduced level of stored iron and dietary iron in trained women
- Creator:
- Spodaryk, K., Czekaj, J., and Sowa, W.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- athletes, anaemia, ferritin, and iron intake
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between dietary iron intake (both haeme- and non-haeme-iron) and its status in trained female subjects. Forty female athletes and forty non-trained women of the same age participated in this study. Blood samples were taken to assess haematological (red blood cell count - Er, haemoglobin concentration - Hb, packed cell volume - PCV) and iron related parameters (serum ferritin concentration - SF, serum iron concentration - SI, total iron binding capacity - TIBC). A self questionnaire was used to record food intake for seven days and diets were analyzed on the basis of mean daily nutrient intake, energy values, iron intake and sources of dietary iron. According to established clinical criteria for iron deficiency some athletes and control subjects shown iron depletion (20 % and 10 %, respectively), iron deficiency erythropoiesis (10 % and 7.5 %, respectively) and iron-deficient anaemia (10 % and 7.5 %, respectively). There was no difference in the mean total dietary iron intake between the two female groups, while the mean intake of haeme-iron was significantly lower in the control group. The findings in the present study are: (1) the significant relation exists between serum ferritin level and quantity of haeme-iron intake (but not with total iron intake), and (2) 10 % of female athletes have iron deficiency.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
32535. Relationship among urinary albumin excretion rate, lipoprotein lipase PvuII polymorphism and plasma fibrinogen in type 2 diabetic patients
- Creator:
- Javorský , M., Kozárová, M., Šalagovič, J., and Tkáč, I.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Fibrogen, Albuminuria, Lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphisms, and Gene-environment interaction
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Plasma fibrinogen level represents a strong cardiovascular risk factor and is regulated by an interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Hyperfibrinogenemia frequently occurs in cluster with dyslipidemia within the frame of insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Genetic variants with a pleiotropic effect have been proposed to cause IRS features including hyperfibrinogenemia. We studied the influence of polymorphisms in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene, β-fibrinogen gene (FIBB) and environmental factors on plasma fibrinogen levels in type 2 diabetes patients. 131 type 2 diabetes patients (mean age 62 ± 10 years, 33 % male) were genotyped for polymorphisms in LPL gene (intron 6 PvuII , intron 8 HindIII) and FIBB gene (-148C/T, -455G/A) by PCR-RFLP method. Fibrinogen was measured by thrombin coagulation method, albuminuria by immunoturbidimetric assay. Polymorphism LPL PvuII showed a gene- dose effect on fibrinogen levels, with the highest fibrinogen in P-P- homozygotes (p = 0.05, analysis of variance). P-carriers (P-P- and P+P- combined) had significantly higher fibrinogen levels compared with P+P+ homozygotes (3.74±1.40 g/l vs 3.06±1.20 g/l, p=0.03). Other studied polymorphisms were not significantly related to fibrinogen levels. Age- and sex-adjusted fibrinogenemia correlated significantly with albuminuria (r = 0.48, p=0.001), serum uric acid (r = 0.42, p=0.006) and serum creatinine (r = 0.32, p=0.04). Multiple stepwise linear regression identified interaction term of LPL PvuII and albuminuria as an independent predictor of fibrinogen level, explaining 18 % of fibrinogen variance. Albuminuria thus appears to be the best predictor of fibrinogen plasma levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Relationship between albuminuria and fibrinogenemia may be modified by the genotype LPL PvuII, which also shows a weak association with plasma fibrinogen level in type 2 diabetes patients.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
32536. Relationship between antioxidant potential and oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA in aged rats
- Creator:
- Monika Sivoňová, Tatarková, Z., Zdeňka Ďuračková, Dušan Dobrota, Ján Lehotský, Matáková, T., and Peter Kaplán
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, fyziologie živočichů, stárnutí, antioxidanty, peroxidázy, animal physiology, aging, antioxidants, peroxidases, comet assay, total sulfhydryl groups, 2, and 577
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Oxidative stress has been implicated to play a major role in aging and age-related diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effects of aging on the total antioxidant capacity, uric acid, lipid peroxidation, total sulfhydryl group content and damage to DNA in adult (6 months), old (15 months) and senescent (26 months) male Wistar rats. The antioxidant capacity, determined by phycoerythrin-based TRAP method (total peroxyl radical-trapping potential) was significantly decreased in the plasma and myocardium of old and senescent rats, whereas plasma level of uric acid was elevated in 26-month-old rats. Age-related decline in plasma and heart antioxidant capacity was accompanied by a significant loss in total sulfhydryl group content, increased lipid peroxidation and higher DNA damage in lymphocytes. Correlations between TRAP and oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA suggest that the decline in antioxidant status may play an important role in age-related accumulation of cell damage caused by reactive oxygen species., M. Sivoňová, Z. Tatarková, Z. Ďuračková, D. Dobrota, J. Lehotský, T. Matáková, P. Kaplán., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
32537. Relationship between birth weight of newborns and unsaturated fatty acid(n-3) proportions in their blood serum
- Creator:
- Mourek, J. and Dohnalová, A.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- newborns, birth-weight, and unsaturated fatty acids n-3
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In a group of 26 preterm newborn infants (gestational age 24-37 weeks, birth weight 560-2800 g) we followed the possible relationship between the birth weight and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids n=3 in the blood serum. The blood samples were taken usually within 24 hours after birth, exceptionally within 48 hours. The newborns as well as their mothers did not receive antibiotics, tocolytics or hormonal therapy. We found a positive correlation between the birth weight and the proportion (expressed in %) of polyenoic fatty acids(n-3) in the blood serum. This relation could be expressed by the regression line (r=0.636, p<0.001, % FAn-3 = -1.166 + 0.00217 x birth weight in g. The value of Kruskal-Wallis criterion H was 15.158. The importance of such a relationship is discussed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
32538. Relationship between clinical, 24-hour, average day-time and night-time blood pressure and measures of arterial stiffness in essential hypertension
- Creator:
- Jan Rosa, Branislav Štrauch, Ondřej Petrák, Tomáš Pikus, Robert Holaj, Tomáš Zelinka, Dan Wichterle, and Jiří Widimský
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Patologie. Klinická medicína, patologická fyziologie, hypertenze, krevní tlak, pathological physiology, hypertension, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, 24 h blood pressure monitoring, 14, and 616
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Arterial wall stiffness is considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Aim of this study was to evaluate relationship between clinical, 24-hour, average day-time and night-time blood pressure (BP) and measures of arterial stiffness assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) (using SphygmoCor applanation tonometer) in essential hypertension (severe-resistant (RH, n=29) and moderate hypertension (EH, n=35)) and in normotensive control subjects (n-29) (NCS) matched by age. After multiple regression analysis, PWV remains significantly correlated mainly with night-time pulse pressure and to a lesser extent with age. PWV was significantly higher in RH compared to moderate EH and NCS., J. Rosa, B. Štrauch, O. Petrák, T. Pikus, R. Holaj, T. Zelinka, D. Wichterle, J. Widimský Jr., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
32539. Relationship between cough reflex sensitivity and body mass index in children with chronic cough - a pilot study
- Creator:
- Pecova, Renata, Sojak, Jan, Durdik, Peter, Zatko, Tomas, Omar Mohamedova, Eva, Grendar, Marian, and Tatar, Milos
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- cough, chronic cough, cough reflex sensitivity, Body mass index, children, and atopy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Obesity is characterized by chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation. Obesity may also be associated with chronic cough. The aim of this pilot study was to clarify relation of cough reflex sensitivity and body mass index (BMI) in children with chronic cough. Altogether 41 children having symptoms of chronic cough were submitted to cough reflex sensitivity measurement. We assessed the relation of cough reflex sensitivity (CKR) due to BMI. Cough reflex sensitivity was defined as the lowest capsaicin concentration which evoked two (C2) or five (C5) coughs. Capsaicin aerosol in doubling concentrations (from 0.61 to 1250 µmol/l) was inhaled by a single breath method (KoKo DigiDoser; nSpire heath Inc, Louisville, CO, USA), modified by the addition of an inspiratory flow regulator valve (RIFR; nSpire heath Inc, Louisville, CO, USA). BMI was calculated. Pulmonary function was within normal range. Concentrations of capsaicin causing two (C2) and five coughs (C5) were reported. Children' (22 boys and 19 girls, mean age 6.8 years) cough reflex sensitivity (median, with the InterQuartile Range) for C2 was 19.5 (73.4) µmol/l; for C5 it was 78.1 (605.5) µmol/l. We have noticed statistically significant relation of the cough reflex sensitivity (C5) and body mass index (P<0.0001); however, the effect size was small, R2 =0.03. Increase of body mass index in one unit is associated with -34.959 µmol/l decrease of C5. We did not find a statistically significant relation between C2 and BMI (P=0.41). The median value of CKR (C2) in boys is not statistically significantly different than the median value of CKR (C2) in girls (P-value 0.5). The median value of CKR (C5) in boys is not statistically significantly different than the median value of CKR (C5) in girls (P-value 0.5). Increase of body mass index in children suffering from chronic cough relates to decrease of cough reflex sensitivity (C5 value).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
32540. Relationship between dynamic expiratory time constant τedyn and parameters of breathing cycle in pressure support ventilation mode
- Creator:
- Čandik, P. , Rybár, D. , Depta, F. , Sabol, F. , Kolesár, A. , Galková, K. , Török, P. , Doničová, V. , Imrecze, Š., Nosáľ, M. , and Donič, V.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- time constant, weaning from ventilator, time of breathing cycle •, and breathing cycle
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Study of the relationship between ventilation parameters: monitored expiratory time constant – τedyn and breathing – trigger frequency (ftrig) and time of breathing cycle (Tcy) are main goals of this article. Parameters were analyzed during last 4±2 h before weaning from ventilation in 66 patients ventilated in pressure support mode (PSV). We have found out, that there exist mathematical relationships, observed during adequate gas exchange, yet not described. Monitored parameters are represented by τedyn, ftrig and Tcy. The analysis showed close negative correlation between Tcy and ftrig (R2 =0.903). This implies that each increasing of τedyn causes decreasing of ftrig and vice versa. The calculation of regression equation between τedyn and Tcy outlined that Tcy = 5.2625 * τedyn + 0.1242 (R2 =0.85). Regulation of respiratory cycles by the respiratory center in the brain is probably based on evaluation of τedyn as the τedyn probably represents a regulatory element and Tcy regulated element. It can be assumed, that respiratory center can optimize the work of breathing in order to minimize energy in system patient + ventilator. The unique relationship, described above could be useful in clinical practice for development of new ventilation modes.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public