In order to study cardiac pathology in different subtypes of ischemic stroke we examined 165 stroke patients. The 1st group included 90 (54.5%) patients with hemodynamic stroke, the 2nd one - 75 (45.5%) patients with cardioembolic stroke. Control group consisted of 45 individuals without cerebrovascular diseases. Cardiac pathologies with the prevalence of various types of ischemic heart disease were observed in all groups. The parameters of left ventricular stroke volume and ejection fraction were lower in patients with hemodynamic stroke than in other groups, but were within normal limits. Potential sources of cardiogenic embolism were found in all groups: in the 1st group at 74.4%, in the 2nd one at 100%. Thus, most patients with ischemic stroke have different heart defects related to the subtypes of ischemic stroke., Natalya Dadamyants, and Literatura
Cíl studie: Metabolismus železa musí být velmi pečlivě regulován. Klíčovým systémovým regulátorem je peptidový hormon hepcidin, který způsobuje “uzamčení” železa uvnitř buňky; to pak nemůže být utilizováno. Dialyzovaní pacienti často trpí anémií, která je způsobena mnoha faktory, mj. stavem mikrozánětu a také zřejmě zvýšenou retencí hepcidinu v důsledku snížené glomerulární filtrace. Naším cílem bylo popsat vztahy mezi hepcidinem a dalšími parametry metabolismu železa, zánětu a erytropoezy u těchto pacientů. Typ studie: Observační Název a sídlo pracoviště: Ústav klinické biochemie a hematologie LF UK a FN v Plzni, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Plzeň Materiál a metody: Do studie bylo zařazeno 164 chronicky dialyzovaných pacientů (věk 66 ± 13, 25 - 92 let; 101 mužů a 63 žen) a 37 zdravých kontrol (věk 55 ± 20, 21 - 92 let; 16 mužů a 21 žen), u kterých byl stanoven jejich kompletní krevní obraz, parametry metabolismu železa, zánětu a výživy. Výsledky: Koncentrace železa, transferrinu a hemoglobinu byla významně nižší u dialyzovaných pacientů (p<0,0001), naopak ferritin (p<0,0001), solubilní transferrinové receptory(p<0,05), hepcidin (p=0,0003), CRP a IL-6 (p<0,0001) byly u těchto pacientů významně vyšší než u zdravých kontrol. Hepcidin slabě koreloval pozitivně s CRP a ferritinem a negativně s transferrinem u dialyzovaných pacientů, u zdravých kontrol nebyla nalezena žádná korelace hepcidinu s ostatními parametry. Závěr: Zdá se, že vliv zánětu na hladiny hepcidinu není u hemodialyzovaných pacientů zcela zásadní a na jeho koncentraci se podílí i jiné faktory, např. jeho retence., Objective: Peptide hormone hepcidin is a key systemic regulator of the iron metabolism. Hepcidin binds to the iron cell exporter ferroportin so iron is kept in the cells unavailable for erythropoiesis. The synthesis of hepcidin is up-regulated by high iron stores and inflammation. Dialyzed patients have very often impaired iron management – they suffer from anemia, which is caused by many factors including the state of micro inflammation and hepcidin retention due to decreased glomerular filtration rate. Our aim was to describe the relationship of hepcidin and other parameters of iron metabolism, erythropoiesis and inflammation. Design: Observation Settings: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology, Charles University Hospital in Pilsen, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Plzeň Material and Methods: Complete blood cell count, iron, ferritin, transferrin, CRP, albumin, creatinine, hepcidin, soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR) and IL-6 were measured in samples from 164 patients included in chronic hemodialysis program (age 66 ± 13, 25 - 92 years), 63 women and 101 men and 37 control healthy volunteers (age 55 ± 20, 21 - 92 years), 21 women and 16 men. Results: Iron, transferrin and hemoglobin were significantly lower in the patients group (p<0.0001) while ferritin (p<0.0001), sTfR (p<0.05), hepcidin (p=0.0003), CRP and IL-6 (p<0.0001) were significantly higher in the patients group. Hepcidin weakly positively correlated with CRP and ferritin and weakly negatively correlated with transferrin in hemodialyzed patients. No correlation of hepcidin with other biochemical parameters in controls was found. Conclusion: It seems that the influence of inflammation on hepcidin levels in hemodialyzed patients is not crucial and other factors including its retention in end-stage renal disease participate., T. Sedláčková, J. Racek, J. Eiselt, L. Kielberger, L. Malánová, and Literatura 10
Víno pijeme nejméně 10 000 let nebo déle, v našem regionu již od doby keltské a germánské. Pokus používat víno k léčbě začíná v dávnověku, avšak teprve v současné době byl prokázán jeho příznivý účinek v prevenci infarktu myokardu, cévní mozkové příhody, diabetes mellitus a hypertenze. Pití velmi dobře působí také v pokročilém věku. Nejlepší účinky má každodenní pití při večeři, u mužů 20–40 g alkoholu, u žen polovina této dávky., We have been drinking wine at least for 10 000 years or longer, in our region already from Celtic and Germanic times. Favorable effects on prevention of myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes and hypertension were demonstrated recently, following attempts to use alcohol for treatment in ancient times. Favorable effects of wine drinking could be seen also in aging population. The best results for men are reached by daily drinking of 20–40 g alcohol at dinner. A moderate dose for women represents half of the dose for men., Milan Šamánek, Zuzana Urbanová, and Literatura 2
Aspergillus sp. are ubiquitous mould infections and in most patients, the source is presumed to be air-borne infections during surgical procedures. Prevention of these infections requires special attention of ventilation systems in operating rooms. Post-operative aspergillosis occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients as well as those who receive corticosteroids temporarily. We report a case of a 71-year-old immunocompromised patient who developed multiple lower limb embolisms due to Aspergillus niger originating from an aortitis of the ascending aorta nine months following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery., S. Oaleed Noordally, Schoeb Sohawon, David De Bels, Ruth Duttmann, Philippe Gottignies, Jacques Devriendt, and Literatura 3
Lokální chemoprofylaxe neinvazivních nádorů močového měchýře je používána více než 40 let. Využíváno je několik agens, mezi nejčastější patří mitomycin C (MMC) a epirubicin. Názor na léčebná schémata není jednotný. Avšak na podkladě EBM je zřejmé, že adjuvantní instilace cytotoxických látek do močového měchýře prodlužuje dobu beznádorového intervalu. V práci předkládáme dlouhodobé zkušenosti s intravezikální chemoprofylaxí povrchových nádorů močového měchýře., Local chemoprophylaxis of noninvasive bladder tumors has been used for more than 40 years. Several agents are used, with the most common including mitomycin C (MMC) and epirubicin. Opinions on therapeutic strategies vary. Based on EBM, on the contrary, it is evident that adjuvant administration of cytotoxic drugs into the bladder prolongs the tumor-free interval. The paper presents long-term experience with intravesical chemoprophylaxis of superficial bladder tumors., Michaela Matoušková, Miroslav Hanuš, and Literatura 7
Cíl: Cílem sledování bylo zhodnotit efektivitu zavedených nefarmakologických aktivit na podporu a zachování kognitivních funkcí na ženském gerontopsychiatrickém oddělení psychiatrické léčebny v Kroměříži a zhodnotit spokojenost hospitalizovaných klientek s těmito aktivitami. Metodika: Na začátku a ke konci hospitalizace bylo použito škály Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) a testu kreslení hodin (CDT) k orientačnímu zhodnocení kognitivních funkcí a na závěr hospitalizace bylo použito řízeného rozhovoru. Výsledky: Ke konci hospitalizace nebylo prokázáno statisticky signifikantního zlepšení ve stavu kognitivních funkcí (krátké období pozorování je nejpravděpodobnějším důvodem). Klientky však hodnotí psychoterapeutické aktivity k ovlivnění kognitivních funkcí kladně. Závěr: Nefarmakologické postupy mají významné místo v léčbě demence a doplňují farmakologické i podpůrné léčebné postupy., Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological approaches influencing cognitive functions that are used in routine practice in inpatient women psycho-geriatric ward in Mental hospital in Kromeriz. Furthermore the study tried to evaluate satisfaction with these activities in hospitalised clients. Methods: At the beginning and at the end of hospitalisation was used range of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clock Drawing Test (CDT) to make an indicative assessment of cognitive functions, and at the end of hospitalization was used a controlled interview. Results: At the end of hospitalisation there was no significant evidence of improving cognitive functions (short period of research is the most probable reason). Nevertheless, psychotherapeutic activities were evaluated by clients positively. Conclusion: Nonpharmacological approaches have important position in treatment of dementia, together with pharmacological and support therapy., Jan Lužný, and Literatura
According to our research, Uzbek individuals with Parkinson’s disease have high prevalence of 0/0 polymorphisms of GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes, as well as combinations of GSTT1 (0/0)/GSTM1/(0/0) genotypes. These mutations are associated with an earlier debut of the disease, its mixed form, and rapid rate of progression. Determination of mutations in GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes of xenobiotic detoxification in patients with Parkinson’s disease confirms multifactorial nature of this pathology and the role of the influence of various external factors in the modification of clinical signs of disease and its prognosis., Khanifa Khalimova, Malika Raimova, Rustam Matmurodov, Khurshidakhon Rasulova, Amina Burnasheva, Yekaterina Jmirko, Rustam Mukhamedov, and Literatura
Purpose: To investigate the protective action of Ceruloplasmin (Cp) on the lysis of erythrocytes in men with prostate tumors. Material and Methods: The blood erythrocytes of the patients with benign hyperplasia of prostate (BHP) and prostate adenocarcinoma (CaP) were studied. Patients at the age 60-75 with early stages of a cancer have been investigated. The control group was consisted of apparently healthy males with the compatible age. n=15 for each group. The clinical stage of the disease was diagnosed by means of rectal, histological and echographic examination of the prostate gland. Photometric methods were applied to register lysis dynamics in order to test out the protective action of Cp. Results: The nonspecific protective function of Cp preparation on BHP and CaP erythrocytes as well as on the control group erythrocytes was revealed. CaP erythrocytes have shown more sensitivity to the lysis provocative factor than BHP and the control group erythrocytes, that was presumably attributed to the structural and functional changes of the erythrocytes developed in the presence of malignant tumor., N. Kotrikadze, M. Zibzibadze, L. Ramishvili, M. Alibegashvili., T. Chigogidze, L. Managadze, and Literatura
Spontaneous rupture is a rare and dramatic complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), burdened by a high mortality. Here we describe a case of a 73-year-old man, who arrived at the ER because of syncope, and acute epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. He had a history of hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis and HCC in treatment with sorafenib. The physical examination showed a state of hemorrhagic anemia with the presence of blood in the peritoneal cavity. The patient underwent an urgent liver resection. Thirty days after surgery, he was in good general condition. Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor recently introduced in the therapy of patients with advanced HCC. Among the various side effects reported in patients treated with sorafenib, there is a higher risk of bleeding. In conclusion, sorafenib may increase the risk of bleeding and rupture of HCC in susceptible individuals., Ferdinando Rombolà, Angelo Caravetta, Francesco Mollo, Antonio Spinoso, Lenino Peluso, Raffaele Guarino, and Literatura 15