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2. "... čeština ve většině okresů země je stále ještě nezbytná...": existoval jazykový program v nařízeních Josefa II. pro země Koruny české?

Creator:
Timofejev, Dmitrij
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
II., římskoněmecký císař, Josef, 1741-1790, jazyková politika, language policy, Rakousko (1526-1804), země Koruny české, Austrian monarchy (1526-1804), Lands of the Bohemian Crown, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
The article deals with the regulation of the use of Czech, German and classical languages in the administrative, school and Church spheres as it appears in the decrees published during Joseph II’s reign for the lands of the Bohemian crown. The author attempts to reconstruct the emperor’s vision of the usage of the different languages in the Czech lands, find the reasoning behind it, and identify the methods of this regulation. He also asks whether, in Joseph II’s case, one can speak about a "language policy" as a deliberate strategy to change the language situation in the Czech lands., Dmitrij Timofejev., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
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3. "…žena zrozená z královské krve ode mne požaduje dílo sestavené z citátů Písma, aby mohla studovat…“ Abatyše Kunhuta, Kolda z Koldic a tzv. Pasionál abatyše Kunhuty

Creator:
Hanzlíčková, Hana
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Abbess Cunigunde, Colda of Colditz, the Passional of Abbess Cunigunde, and illuminated manuscripts
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
This article deals with what is known as the Passional of Abbot Kunhuta and his association with this manuscript. It presents the life of the Abbot and focuses on selected aspects involving the compilation and usage of the Passional, e.g. the identities of the manuscript client and the addressee, the purpose behind the work and the layout of selected texts and painted decorations. A fresh analysis reveals the considerable influence of Colda of Colditz on the layout of the textual part of the Passional and its decorative scheme.
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4. "A carbon copy of Ibn al-Balad"?: the participation of Egyptian Jews in modern Arab culture

Creator:
Snir, Reuven
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Egyptian Jews and modern Arab culture
Language:
English
Description:
Egypt is considered to be one of the few countries in which Arab culture flourished among the Jews, in both the popular and the canonical fields. Some of Jews, such as Yacqūb Ṣanūc (James Sanua) (1839-1912), Togo Mizraḥī (1901-1987), and Laylā Murād (1918-1995), rose to prominence. However, on the whole, Jewish involvement was relatively limited in comparison to Iraq, probably because Arabic had low status among Egyptian Jews. A Jew as “a carbon copy of ibn al-balad” was never a desired option for most of the Egyptian-Jewish writers, artists, and intellectuals. Due to the peculiar demographic structure of Egyptian Jewry, the dreams of its members were much more infused with the spirit of Alexandrian cosmopolitanism, which was the product of a limited period and singular history – that of the crumbling Ottoman Empire.
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5. "Aladin" weather model local revisions using the differential polynomial neural network

Creator:
Zjavka , Ladislav
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Polynomial neuraů network, differential equation composition, sum relative term, and multi-parametric function approximattion
Language:
English
Description:
The 48-hour "Aladin" forecast model can predict significant meteorological quantities in a middle scale area. Neural networks could try to replace some statistical techniques designed to adapt a global meteorological numerical forecast model for local conditions, described with real data surface observations. They succeed commonly a cut above problem solutions with a predefined testing data set, which provides bearing inputs for a trained model. Time-series predictions of the very complex and dynamic weather system are sophisticated and not any time faithful using simple neural network models entered only some few variables of their own next-time step estimations. Predicted values of a global meteorological forecast might instead enter a neural network locally trained model, for refine it. Differential polynomial neural network is a new neural network type developed by the author; it constructs and substitutes for an unknown general sum partial differential equation of a system description, with a total sum of fractional polynomial derivative terms. This type of non-linear regression is based on trained generalized data relations, decomposed into many partial derivative specifications. The characteristics of composite differential equation solutions of this indirect type of a function description can facilitate a much greater variety of model forms than is allowed using standard soft-computing methods. This adjective derivative model type is supposed to be able to solve much more complex problems than is usual using standard neural network techniques.
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6. "Anā min al-Yahūd": The demise of Arab-Jewish Culture in the twentieth century

Creator:
Snir, Reuven
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Arab-Jewish culture and twentieth century
Language:
English
Description:
In the wake of the national and political conflict in the Middle East, Arab-Jewish culture has undergone a process of marginalization and negligence, as well as a gradual descent into utter oblivion, owing to both Arab-Musim and Hebrew-Jewish-Zionist national and culural systems. Both sides, each with its own form of limited reasoning and particularistic considerations, have refused to accept the legitimacy of Arab-Jewish hybridism highlighting instead "pure" nationally, culturally, and religiously exclusive identities. The article explores the gradual demise of Arab-Jewish cultural hybridism, which, from a historical point of view, coexisted with Arab-Muslim and Arab-Christian hybridisms during some periods. Following a short era in the twentieth century during which Arab-Jewish culture flourished, especially in Egypt and Iraq, we are currently witnessing the demise of that culture. Consequently, Israeli-Arab Jews, or those seen as their offspring, currently have, or will have in the near future, three man cultural options. The first - the revival of active Jewish involvement in Arab canonical culture - is probably impossible. The second option is involvement in popular Israeli culture; this option is characterized by a strong longing for legitimacy - Jewish musicians and singers of Arab origin have accomplished a great deal in this field. The third option is participation in the activities of the canonical Hebrew culture.
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7. "Ani o grajciar viac...": klientela bratislavských kníhkupcov v radoch uhorského evanjelického duchovenstva

Creator:
Križanová, Petronela
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Institoris-Mošovský, Michal, 1733-1803, Mahler, Philip Ulrich, 1746-1806, Löwe, Anton, asi 1740-asi 1800, 18. století, knižní obchod, knihkupci, knihaři, book trade, booksellers, bookbinders, Maďarsko, Bratislava (Slovensko), Hungary, Bratislava (Slovakia), 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
The author examines the clientele of the Bratislava booksellers Anton Löwe and Philip Ulrich Mahler in the context of the Hungarian book trade from 1770 to 1800. By analysing the extant correspondence of Michal Institoris Mošovský, a protestant pastor in Bratislava, she was able to partially identify one segment of their customer base - protestant clergymen. For many years these members of the petty intelligentsia purchased from the Bratislava booksellers, in particular imported works by the German pietists and Enlightenment theologians. The author also investigated the social and geographical limits of the distribution process, some of the contact and distribution networks, and the identity of key figures., Petronela Križanová., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
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8. "Ať se neztratí jméno.": Jména a pojmenování u u bulharských Čechů

Creator:
Budilová, Lenka J.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Bulgarian Czechs, names, naming, Vojvodovo, and Belinci
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article deals with naming practices among the Czechs who lived in the first half of 20th century in two Bulgarian villages - Vojvodovo and Belinci. It is based on fieldwork carried out among the people who migrated in 1950 from Bulgaria and settled in several towns and villages in South Moravia (region of Mikulov and Valtice), and their descendants. Naming practices of the Bulgarian Czechs are analyzed in relation to naming strategies of the Bulgarians in the given period, and it is argued that the role that was fulfilled by surnames among the Czechs was fulfilled by first names among the Bulgarians. Relationship between the naming strategies and ideas about kinship and gender are discussed further.
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11. "Češi si vždy vybrali správnou stranu.“ Rodinné generační vzpomínání krajanů v Chorvatsku a státní politika paměti

Creator:
Pavlásek, Michal
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Croatia, expatriates, politics of memory, family memory, generation, partisan resistance, and nationalism
Language:
Czech
Description:
The Croatian society is still coping with traumatizing events (World War II and civil war) and memories of them. The politics of memory, articulated by Tudjman´s strategy of generational and memory reconciliation of the society in the early 1990s, led to the relativization and even promotion of the pro-fascist Ustashe regime, and simultaneously to the marginalization and stigmatization of narratives relating to the role of national liberation struggle within multi-ethnic partisan movement. This also included members of local Czech minority. The study shows how - despite this - the narratives concerning the partisan resistance are still alive in family memory, and they form, through generational transmission, a value alternative to the contemporary nationally-oriented state ideology as well as to the cultural presentation of Czech minority. Family memory works as an autonomous ”intimate space/area” of expatriates in Croatia, which is based on searching for a generational value continuities in the period of post-communist social uncertainties.
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12. "Cestovní ruch" na vesnici před I. světovou válkou

Creator:
Blažek, Jan
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
marginalized people, beggars, wanderers, vagrants, barrel organ players, and way of livelihood
Language:
Czech
Description:
Jan Blažek, a correspondent of the Czech Ethnological Society, wrote in 1982 a text that described representatives of selected socio-professional groups in the Czech countryside before World War I. He paid attention to beggars, vagrants, wanderers, and barrel organ players. Even though those people usually were on the margin of society, the author identifies peculiar features of each of the mentioned groups and he differentiates between them (he creates a particular characteristics for each of them). He deals with their social and material situation, majority ́s relationship to them (including possible stereotypes and expressions of solidarity), their life conditions (diet, accommodation, clothing etc.) and other features (way of earning livelihood, typical behaviour, or verbal expressions).
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13. “Chalópka, jaké neni na Hané.“ K podzemnímu obydlí kosteleckého domkáře

Creator:
Novotný, Martin
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Haná, provisional dwelling of a smallholder, and underground dwelling
Language:
Czech
Description:
The study concerns provisional dwellings of poor village inhabitants, particularly a dwelling of a smallholder from Kostelec na Hané, which was continually inhabited for more than one hundred years. It was partly built under the road in the western part of the residential area. The entrance part of the basement that has for unknown reasons not been used for many years was modified. From the basement there is a system of tunnels under the town. Their use as a permanent dwelling was unique in central Moravia. The appearance of this house - its construction, space division, hearth, etc., is reconstructed in the study. .
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14. "Co je dosažitelné ze žebříku, mě nezajímá.'' Analýza a kritika resolutní interpretace Logicko-filozofického traktátu

Creator:
Došek, Tomáš
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
elucidation, interpretation, ladder metaphor, resolute reading, Prototractatus, therapy, and Tractatus logico-philosophicus
Language:
Slovak
Description:
This paper surveys a new approach to interpretation of Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus - the resolute reading. The proponents of the resolute interpretation (especially Cora Diamond and James F. Conant) have argued that the central point of Tractatus is § 6.54. The reading of the section should be resolute, which means the sentences in Tractatus are simply nonsense (einfach Unsinn). Thus, the Tractatus’ aim is not a theory or doctrine of aspects of reality, language or their relation. On the other hand, the main point of the text should be elucidation of the reader’s points. The paper analyses two assumptions in the resolute reading and submits criticism of them. The basis of the criticism is to verify the validity of resolute reading’s assumptions by reference to Notebooks, Prototractatus, correspondence and some manuscripts and typescripts from the Tractatus period in Wittgenstein’s thinking., Příspěvek se zabývá novým přístupem k interpretaci Wittgensteinova Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus - rozhodného čtení. Zastáncové rozhodného výkladu (obzvláště Cora diamant a James F. Conant) argumentovali, že centrální bod Tractatus je § 6.54. Čtení sekce by mělo být rozhodné , což znamená, že věty v Tractatus jsou prostě nesmysly ( einfach Unsinn ). Tak, Tractatus ' cíl není teorie nebo doktrína aspektů reality, jazyka nebo jejich vztahu. Na druhé straně by hlavní bod textu měl být objasněnčtenářských bodů. Příspěvek analyzuje dva předpoklady v rozhodném čtení a kritizuje je. Základem kritiky je ověřit platnost předpokladů rozhodného čtení odkazem na Notebooky, Prototractatus , korespondenci a některé rukopisy a strojopisy z období Tractatus v Wittgensteinově myšlení., and Tomáš Došek
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15. "Co z těch dětí vyroste?": o rizicích oprese sociální práce vůči stejnopohlavním rodičům

Creator:
Janebová, Radka, Břízová, Tereza, and Ivana, Velčovská
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
social work, human rights, and oppression of gays and lesbians
Language:
Czech
Description:
Social work as an institutionalized profession aims to promote and defend human rights and social justice regardless of gender, sexual orientation and other grounds. Rooted in Christianity, it is partly performed by religious organizations and religious people. Consequently, conservative values may orient the profession, thus conflicting with the rights of lesbians and gays. The aim of the article is to present the risks of social worker’s oppressive action toward same--sex parents, and to suggest possibilities how to avoid such ethical misconduct. First, we present a dilemma of social work arising from the tension between ethical principles of equality and non -discrimination on the one hand and conservative norms on the other hand. Then, we introduce individual oppressive tendencies which are manifested in the discourse “on homosexuality” in Czech social work and how these may transform into social worker’s oppressive action. Finally, we propose practical suggestions that can support anti -oppressive social work in the Czech Republic.
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16. "Coconut" notes: Discursive constructions of race identity in South Africa

Creator:
Rudwick, Stephanie
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
South Africa, race identities, language, culture, and discourse
Language:
English
Description:
This study examines how South Africans construct and negotiate racial identities in written commentaries via a forum of the Mail@Guardian website Thought Leader in response to a blog by Ndumiso Ngcobo entitled “I’m a coconut and I am proud of it – say it with me.” Ngcobo’s ironic opinion piece, written in 2008, which plays with the label “coconut” (frequently employed in South Africa among “black” people in reference to another “black” person who seemingly behaves “white”), triggered 163 responses from individual readers. An essential point made by Ngcobo is that perceptions and attitudes around “whiteness” and “blackness,” or what can be considered “white” or “black” in racial terms, vary greatly, depending on circumstances and perspective. However, the author’s irreverent and ironic style is misunderstood and misinterpreted by many of the comment writers. Relying partially on the methodological framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, I analyze the commentary texts and interpret the categories people use in their discursive constructions of race and identity by examining their stylistic choices and content markers and focusing on sociolinguistic and cultural issues. It is argued that the analyzed comments are representative not only of the pervasiveness of “rigid” race thinking but also of how intra-racial boundaries are constructed in the post-apartheid state.
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18. "Die Dreikaiserecke" als Element des sozialen Gedächtnisses der Einwohner von Myslowitz

Creator:
Odoj, Grzegorz
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Triangle of the Three Emperors, Trójkąt Trzech Cesarzy, Die Dreikeiserecke, collective memory, local identity, and places of memory
Language:
Czech
Description:
For the inhabitants of the town of Mysłowic acquires special importance the place called „Triangle of the Three Emperors“, where in the years 1845–1918 intersected the borders of three empires – Russia, Austria and Prussia. The threefold boundary represented for many decades the sphere of constant economic, cultural and social exchange and cultural and civilisational interpenetration. Thanks to the „triangle“ was Mysłowice known all over Europe as well as on other continents and attracted thousands of tourists. The surroundings of the „Triangle of the Three Emperors“ were endowed with excellent touristic and recreational infrastructure. Nowadays this legendary place is neglected and does not remind of its former importance. However, it is still being visited by groups of tourists and hosts occasional meetings and historical commemorations. Within the town there are numerous symbolic references to the „Triangle of the Three Emperors“. The municipal council recently devised a plan to transform the „Triangle“ into a showroom of the town and constituent part of its advertising campaign. The „Triangle of the Three Emperors“ instigates emotions and acquires a prominent place in the social memory of the inhabitants of Mysłowic, as it is part of the local historical tradition. On the background of the European history it acquires its historical importance and local relevance. Through its intimate relation to local history it evokes the images of the past glory of the town. The „Triangle of the Three Emperors“ surpasses in importance the remaining parts of the town and corroborates positively the social integrity of its inhabitants. Its symbolic importance can in a crucial way influence the processes of change and creation of social consciousness, responding to the unified vision of the future, and at the same time the creation of contemporary identity of the town, relieved from existing stigma of industrialization.
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19. “Dissatisfied breadwinners” in search of the human being: how gender inequality was seen - and not seen - in Czechoslovak marxist humanism

Creator:
Mervart, Jan
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Marxist humanism, gender, emancipation, and Czechoslovakia
Language:
Czech
Description:
In East-Central Europe, Marxist humanism embodied one of the most promising theoretical developments of the 1960s. While respecting the unquestionable value of this intellectual current, this article highlights the contradiction between the emancipatory proclamations of humanist intellectuals and their reluctance to recognize certain prevalent forms of oppression. After comparing the humanist approach toward gender-structured themes in the former Czechoslovakia with the contrasting techno-optimist approach, the latter group is shown to have been more sensitive toward women’s issues. Th e article concludes that there was an intrinsic problem in Marxist humanist theory that contributed to this historical shortcoming in its emancipatory eff orts.
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21. "Es ist nicht leichters, als diese Difficultät zu heben...": Tereziánské správní reformy, centralizace monarchie a pojetí české státnosti na příkladu výkonu nobilitační agendy jako výseku majestátních práv české koruny

Creator:
Brňovják, Jiří
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
česká a uherská královna, císařovna, choť Františka Štěpána I., římskoněmeckého císaře, Marie Terezie, 1717-1780, centralismus, nobilitace, česká koruna, centralism, nobilitation, Czech koruna, správní reformy, český stát, administrative reforms, Bohemian state, Bohemian crown, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
This study examines the possibilities and limitations of centralizing reforms within the western part of the Habsburg monarchy, as illustrated by the problematic issue of ennoblement in the Czech lands. The administrative reforms of 1749 resulted in the administrative union of both state entities in a single whole of (all) so-called Hereditary Lands. They also led to the closure of separate offices at court representing the Czech and Austrian lands, replacing them with a single Directorium in publicis et cameralibus, which took over the ennoblement programme hitherto operated by those two offices. Despite the apparently centralizing tendency of the reforms, this did not extend to any unification of entitlements to ennoblement, which continued to be based on particular ranks and titles specific to either the Kingdom of Bohemia or the Archduchy of Austria. It was not until 1752 that, on the urging of Maria Theresa herself, a unified, legally binding system for dispensing preferment and privilege, including a unified scale of aristocratic titles for all the Hereditary Lands, was introduced. In practice, ennoblement rights in the two state entities remained differentiated as to specific titles up until the early 19th century, when the two systems were superseded by a new Austrian Imperial ranking. Thus one of the last relics of the conception of the Czech Crown Lands as an autonomous historical entity finally ceased to exist., Jiří Brňovják., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
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22. "Exclusivism" in international nuclear law: the concept revisited

Creator:
Jakub Handrlica
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
právo, law, international nuclear law, exclusivism, radioactive waste management, nuclear third party liability, transport of radioactive waste, 16, and 34
Language:
English
Description:
The concept of "Exclusivism" is considered to represent one of the most characteristic features of International Nuclear Law. This concept is reflected by regulating matters of uses of nuclear energy and ionising radiation exclusively by distinct principles, that govern legal relations arising in these matters. The concept of "Exclusivism" has been widely reflected in the provisions of international conventions, which have been adopted since the 1960s. This article aims to revisit this concept, taking the most recent developments in international and European law into regard. The article is dealing with the reasons and origins of the concept of "Exclusivism" in International Nuclear Law, with reflections of this concept in existing international treaties and at last but not at least, with most recent tendencies, that aim at jeopardising this concept., Jakub Handrlica., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
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24. "Frequency windows" from Earth gravity models and resonant solutions - test of accuracy

Creator:
Šíma, Z. and Klokočník, J.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Earth gravity models, frequency windows, and accuracy
Language:
Czech
Description:
We suggest and use a test for evaluation of the accuracy of the harmonic coefficients in the Earth gravity field models (EMs), in which just the harmonics of the order mmin ≤ mm ≤ mmax and degree m ≤ 1 ≤ 1max are selected from the whole EMs. These parts will be called "frequency window(s)" (FWs). We treat the FWs of various recent EMs. One FW has been constructed solely from the resonant results for 12 ≤ m ≤ 15; we call it RFW. This RFW is used as a standard, sometimes independent, for comparing and testing other FWs. By means of the FWs, radius-vectors of the relevant parts of gecid are determined and compared to those of RFW. We intend to evaluate the differences between the EMs and to distinguish the models, FWs differ significantly from the RWF. and Celý článek bude publikován v Bull. Astron. Instit., sv..1985
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27. "Hlas detí" - kvalitatívna analýza názorov detí na rizikové správanie

Creator:
Boberová, Zuzana, Štefanová, Eliška, Kopčáková, Jaroslava, Baška, Tibor, and Madarasová Gecková, Andrea
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fajčenie, užívanie alkoholu, žiaci, kvalitatívna riadená obsahová analýza, smoking, alcohol use, school-aged children, and qualitative controlled content analysis
Language:
Czech
Description:
Ciele výskumu. Hlavným cieľom tejto štúdie bolo hlbšie preskúmať názory a presvedčenia žiakov v oblasti fajčenia a pitia alkoholu s využitím kvalitatívneho prístupu a údajov prierezovej štúdie HBSC (Health behaviour in school-aged children) 2013/2014. Cieľom bolo tiež porovnať variabilitu názorov a presvedčení žiakov z hľadiska rodu a veku. Výskumná vzorka a metódy. Výskumnú vzorku tvorilo 75 žiakov 4 základných škôl. Výskumná vzorka kopírovala cieľovú populáciu HBSC štúdie, teda žiakov vo veku 11-, 13- a 15- rokov. Dizajn výskumu bol založený na kvalitatívnom prístupe s využitím elicitácie formou pripravených pracovných listov a iniciačných otvorených otázok. Metódou zberu dát boli pracovné listy a záznamy tichého pozorovateľa. Výskumná otázka. Aké sú postoje a presvedčenia žiakov ku prezentovaným výsledkom v oblasti fajčenia a pitia alkoholu ich rovesníkov, a aké sú následné odporúčania školákov v týchto oblastiach. Analýza dát. Získané údaje boli analyzované kvalitatívnou riadenou obsahovou analýzou. Výsledky. Participanti majú dostatočné informácie predovšetkým o rôznych negatívnych vplyvoch fajčenia a užívania alkoholu na zdravie a život človeka, avšak neuvedomujú si dostatočne vlastný potenciál pri riešení zdravotných rizík. Výsledky naznačili niektoré osobitosti vzhľadom na vek a rod participantov. Limitácie výskumu. Množstvo a kvalita materiálu získaného od participantov môže byť ovplyvnená nedostatočnou skúsenosťou participantov s diskusnými metódami a aktivitami rozvíjajúcimi aktívny prístup žiakov. Veľkosť diskusných skupín. and Objectives. The main objective of this study was to explore the views and beliefs of school-aged children on smoking and drinking of alcohol, using a qualitative approach and data of the cross-sectional HBSC (Health behaviour in school-aged children) 2013/2014 study. The aim was also to compare the variability of identified views and beliefs in terms of gender and age. Sample and settings. The sample comprised 75 participants from four Slovak elementary schools. The characteristics of the present sample were similar to those of the target population of HBSC study (11-, 13- and 15-years-old children). The research design was based on a qualitative approach using elicitation in a form of prepared worksheets and initial open questions. The data were collected using worksheets and observer’s records. Research questions. What are the views and beliefs of school-aged children about the HBSC findings regarding smoking and drinking and what are their recommendations regarding these issues. Data analysis. A qualitative controlled content analysis was carried out. Results. Participants have sufficient information particularly about the various negative impacts of smoking and alcohol use on health and life in general. However, they do not realize their own potential in addressing health risks. The results indicated some specifics in terms of the gender and age. Study limitation. The quantity and quality of the material gained from participants might be affected by their lack of experience with discussion methods and activities aimed at the development of active engagement. Focus groups size.
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29. "Iluze skutečnosti" v esejích Josefa Škvoreckého a Gustawa Herlinga-Grudzińského

Creator:
Poslední, Petr
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
literary comparatistics, text analysis, and Czechs and Poles
Language:
Czech
Description:
The author in his article analyses and compares the literary output of Josef Škvorecký with that one of Gustaw Herling-Grudziński on the background of their reflections on Under Western Eyes, the novel written by Joseph Conrad.
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30. "Ipsum Est Omnia in Omnibus": Matěj of Janov and the redemption of corporeal man according to Regulae veteris et novi testamenti V:8

Creator:
Kullerud, Ole Fredrik
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Filozofie, Matěj z Janova, asi 1355-1393, teologové, filozofie, vykoupení, theologians, philosophy, redemption, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
Ole Fredrik Kullerud. and Obsahuje bibliografii
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32. „Je to bezesporu trápení cestovat touto zemí v takové zimě.“ Andaluský rytíř Pero Tafur v Čechách, ve Slezsku a na Moravě (1438-1439)

Creator:
Jaroslav Svátek
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
II. Habsburský, římskoněmecký císař, Albrecht, 1397-1439, Šlik, Kašpar, asi 1400-1449, Tafur, Pero, asi 1410-1484, středověká společnost, cestovatelé, kavalírské cesty, medieval society, travellers, grand tours, Vratislav (Polsko), Wrocław (Poland), medieval voyager, 8, and 930
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article charts the path and the activity of the Andalusian nobleman Pero Tafur in the Czech lands at the end of 1438 and beginning of 1439. The visit formed part of his extensive four-year journey across European countries, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean. The main motive was to meet with King of the Romans and of Bohemia Albert II. The meeting occured in February 1439 in Wroclaw, where Tafur arrived via Prague and Saxony in the entourage of the royal chancellor Kaspar Schlick, and from there he continued through Moravia to the south to Austria. The rather obscur testimony of the well-travelled knight is not only a remarable document of this monarch as a person and the contemporary historical context of Albert´s brief reign, but also provides an interesting image of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the atmosphere of the slowly extinguishing Hussite wars., Jaroslav Svátek., and Obsahuje literaturu a odkazy pod čarou
Rights:
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33. "Je to boj přírody o život & smrt...": lékaři ve službách Schwarzenbergův letech 1780-1830

Creator:
Grubhoffer, Václav
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Schwarzenbergové (rod), 18.-19. století, dějiny lékařství, history of medicine, schwarzenberští lékaři, Schwarzenbergs' physicians, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
From the 1780s on, the court of the Princes of Schwarzenberg generally maintained four or five personal doctors. These privileged positions were frequently held by individuals who also practised as municipal or county physicians. In their castles in Bohemia the Schwarzenbergs also employed surgeons and apothecaries, and in line with the professionalization of medical care during the Enlightenment they attached great importance to the training of health workers. In the first three decades of the 19th century health care in the context of the Schwarzenberg primogeniture became even more specialized and the number of medical staff on the various Schwarzenberg estates increased. In addition to their own physicians, the Schwarzenbergs also entrusted their health needs to eminent medical experts drawn primarily from the Habsburg court and the University of Vienna and later, from the 1830s on, to many doctors working in the Czech Lands. This study considers the relationship between the high nobility as representatives of social elites on the one hand and the Enlightenment medicalization of society with its professionalization of health care on the other. It maps the structure of medical care within one aristocratic family and their estates and its transformation over a fifty‐year period. It also attempts to discover who the Schwarzenbergs’ doctors were and what socio‐cultural background they came from., Václav Grubhoffer., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
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34. "Ještě je 400 míst volných v tachovském okrese!": příspěvek k "malým dějinám" reemigrace a dosídlení Tachovska v narativních inteview na začátku 21. století

Creator:
Kotrbatá, Ivana
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
oral tradition, ethnicity, fieldwork, Tachov area, social identity, and urban ethnography
Language:
Czech
Description:
The article presents the results of the social-anthropological field research realized in the town of Tachov and several adjacent villages (especially Lesná, Mýto). It focuses on the mapping of the so called small history, identified through the biographical method, that is, stories related to the lives of the interviewed persons. It analyzes the situation during and after the return migration and final settlement of the region, as it is presented in the memories of the participants of the provesses of settlement, as well as their descendants. The article is structured into several blocks according to the priorities of the narratives, ascertained during the field research. These priorities are: memories of the industry of the pre-war era, the theme of return migrants and settlers, their integration and mutual relations with other ethnic groups. At the same time, it was possible to create an image of the spontaneous tale-telling repertoire. The main purpose of the research was to follow-up with the researches of the region realized in the 1970s and 1980s and to supplement them with new data.
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36. "Kaliban a čarodějnice". Původní akumulace kapitálu a proměny genderových vztahů

Creator:
Pokutová, Michaela
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Silvia Federici, primitive accumulation, Marxist feminism, sexual division of labour, and degradation of women
Language:
Czech
Description:
Th e article presents the Marxist feminist perspective on primitive accumulation and early capitalist history put forward by Silvia Federici in her work, Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body, and Primitive Accumulation. According to Federici and other Marxist feminists, Marx’s description of the origins of capitalism lacks an important diff erentiation. Whereas in Capital the main focus is placed on the male, waged proletariat, Federici focuses more on the changes in gender relations and status of women that accompany the process of primitive accumulation. Th e article fi rstly situates the origins of feminist perspectives on primitive accumulation into their historical context and links them with their preceding debates. Th e following sections then present a comparison of Marx’s and Federici’s account of primitive accumulation and the early history of capitalism. Th e article mainly focuses on the forms of primitive accumulation that are absent in Capital. Th ese forms include, above all, a new division of labour, subjugation of reproduction to the needs of capital, and an economical, legal, cultural, and symbolical degradation of women.
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37. „Karantánsko-köttlašský“ šperk na jihozápadním Slovensku a v dalších částech Karpatské kotliny

Creator:
Šimon Ungerman
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
šperky, archeologie, středověk, jewellery, archaeology, middle ages, Karpatská kotlina, Carpathian Basin, Köttlach culture, Eastern Alps region, 8, and 902
Language:
Czech
Description:
‘Carantanian / Köttlach’ jewellery from southwest Slovakia and from the other parts of the Carpathian Basin. In the Slovak and Hungarian archaeological literature, a small group of early medieval jewellery from southwest Slovakia was labelled as being of ‘Carantanian / Köttlach’ provenance, meaning that it originated from Eastern Alps region (today’s Austria and Slovenia). The goal of the article is a revision of the issue of provenance in the context of analogous finds from Moravia and the Carpathian Basin (i.e. today’s Hungary, western Romania and northeastern Croatia). The provenenace from the Eastern Alps region can be confirmed in the case of several Slovak finds only, the others are of local origin. Also, from the point of view of chronology, we are dealing with a relatively heterogenous group of jewellery, with a date-range from the turn of the 8th-9th centuries to the 11th century. The author tries to demonstrate that the argument in the middle of the 20th century and later about the ‘influences from the Eastern Alps region’ was dependent on the state of archaeological research at that time. It was a viewpoint that over-emphasised the importance of early medieval ‘Köttlach culture’ in Eastern Alps region, especially for the spreading of some jewellery types to other regions of middle and southeastern Europe., Šimon Ungerman., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
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38. "Kauza Afthonios": ilustrácia k otázke správního riešenia antických paradoxov

Creator:
Marko, Vladimír
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
aphthonius, Crocodile argument, logical reconstruction of ancient arguments, paradox, and Stoics
Language:
Slovak
Description:
The article deals with the question of correct reconstruction of and solutions to the ancient paradoxes. Analyzing one contemporary example of a reconstruction of the so-called Crocodile Paradox, taken from Sorensen’s A Brief History of Paradox, the author shows how the original pattern of paradox could have been incorrectly transformed in its meaning by overlooking its adequate historical background. Sorensen’s quoting of Aphthonius, as the author of a certain solution to the paradox, seems to be a systematic failure since the time of Politiano’s erroneous attributing it to Aphthonius. In the conclusion, the author claims that neglecting the historical background of the ancient paradoxes into account, we are neither able to evaluate their modern interpretations as adequate nor their solutions as successful., Článek se zabývá otázkou správné rekonstrukce a řešení starověkých paradoxů. Analýza jednoho současného příkladu rekonstrukce tzv. Krokodýlového paradoxu, převzatého z Sorensenovy stručné historie paradoxu , ukazuje, jak mohl být původní vzor paradoxu ve svém významu nesprávně transformován tím, že přehlédl jeho historické pozadí. Sorensenovo citování Aphthoniusa, jako autora určitého řešení paradoxu, se jeví jako systematické selhání od doby, kdy ho politiánův omyl přisuzoval Aphthoniusovi. V závěru autorka prohlašuje, že zanedbání historického pozadí starověkých paradoxů není schopno hodnotit jejich moderní interpretace jako adekvátní ani jejich řešení jako úspěšná., and Vladimír Marko
Rights:
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39. "Kdo řídí - kontroluje!": podnikový management a úskalí "socialistické kontroly" v československých podnicích v osmdesátých letech 20. století

Creator:
Tomáš Vilímek
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
hospodářské dějiny, podnikový management, kontrolní orgány, economic history, industrial management, supervisory bodies, 8, and 93/94
Language:
Czech
Description:
Studie se věnuje problematice podnikového managementu a úskalím „socialistické kontroly“ v československých podnicích v období pozdního socialismu. S využitím pramenů Komunistické strany Československa a Státní bezpečnosti, dobových textů a odborných publikací ukazuje, jak se stranické a státní orgány neúspěšně snažily učinit z kontroly funkční nástroj realizace hospodářské politiky státostrany. Autor analyzuje používané kontrolní mechanismy a nastiňuje základní příčiny až fatálního selhání kontrolní činnosti systému, jenž byl svým způsobem kontrolou doslova posedlý. Vysvětluje systémovou podmíněnost kontroly, kterou socialističtí manažeři dokázali v mnoha ohledech přizpůsobit potřebám svěřených hospodářských jednotek, což přirozeně nekorespondovalo s celospolečenskými zájmy. Na příkladech řady konkrétních kauz studie názorně ukazuje, že si československý podnikový management v osmdesátých letech dvacátého století plně uvědomoval systémové, politické i společenské limity kontrolní činnosti, kterou vcelku úspěšně dokázal přizpůsobit vnitropodnikovým podmínkám. Výsledkem byl stav, kdy stranické vedení reagovalo na stále očividnější symptomy „agonie centrálně plánované ekonomiky“ přijímáním rozmanitých směrnic a direktiv pro zefektivnění kontroly a důsledné prosazování zásady „kdo řídí - kontroluje“. Očekávaný efekt ovšem nenastal a nefunkčnost kontroly přispěla nakonec nemalou měrou ke zhroucení komunistického režimu v Československu., The study deals with issues of corporate management and pitfalls of the "socialist supervision" in Czechoslovak enterprises in the period of late socialism. Using documents of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and the State Security, period texts and specalized publications, it shows how party organs and state authorities were unsuccessfully trying to make supervisory mechanisms and audits a functional tool of the implementation of the ruling party´s economic policy. The author analyzes the supervisory and audit mechanisms that were used, and outlines basic reasons of the almost fatal failure of supervisory activities of the system which was, in a way obsessed with supervison and control. He explains the systemic conditionality of the supervisory system which socialist managers often and in many respects bent to suit the needs of the enterprises they were in charge of; such situation naturally did not match the needs of the society as a whole. Using many specific cases as an example, the study graphically shows that members of the Czechoslovak corporate management community in the 1980s were fully aware of systemic political and social limitations of the supervisory system which they managed to modify, fairly successfully, to suit intra-corporate conditions. The result was a situation in which the party leadership was reacting to increasingly obvious symptoms of the "agony of the centrally planned economy" by adopting various directives and guidelines to make the supervisory process more effective and to consistently promote the "whoever manages - supervises" principle. However, the anticipated effect did not materialize and, at the end of the day, the non-functional supervisory mechanisms made a substantial contribution to the collapse of the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia., Tomáš Vilímek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
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40. "Kult čísla" jako determinanta sociálního statusu i každodennosti příslušníků základní vojenské služby v období tzv. normalizace

Creator:
Altman, Karel
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Czechoslovak People´s Army, military service, everyday life, and normalization
Language:
Czech
Description:
The length of the already completed period of military service played an unofficial but exceptionally important role in the everyday practice of a military service (MS) soldier conscripted into the army for two years (730 days). The period that was getting always shorter and that remained to their return to civilian life (the “number”) significantly or even fundamentally strengthened the real position of a MS soldier within military community in barracks premises, and especially in a partial segment thereof (at the level “platoon, company”), a part of which the MS soldier was. The number was important for creating his ongoing social statute, mainly it determined the classification of a soldier in a clearly defined category (rookie, senior on fatigue duty, old sweat, super old sweat etc.), on which his position within the community of MS soldiers was dependent. The number was a symbol of the above-mentioned variable process, and a lot of essential attributes, which left significant marks on the everyday life in barracks and outside them, related to it. The importance of this number was big enough to be called the “cult of number”.
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42. "Lumírovci k večeři"

Creator:
Heczková, Libuše
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
The struggle between Eliška Krásnohorská (1847–1926) and the proponentsof the monthly Lumír, including Josef Václav Sládek (1845–1912) and JaroslavVrchlický (1853–1912), clearly reflects the situation amongst Czech critics and ofKrásnohorská herself in late 1870s and early 1880s. By considering Krásnohorská’sefforts, the article seeks to examine the well-known dispute, which took place inthe periodicals of the times, in associations of artists like the Umělecká beseda, at private meetings, and of course in private correspondence. The bone of contentionwas the nature of criticism, the new aesthetics, and the power of literature.Among other things, this had a suppressed gender aspect, since it had to do witha woman’s right to be a critic, though her position was advantageously supportedby nationalist patriotic interests. Lastly, it is noted that the Lumír proponents’dispute overlapped with the initial difficultly Realism had making its way intoCzech literature.
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43. "Majú inú mentalitu." Esencialistické reprezentácie o Gabčíkovských žiadateľoch o azyl

Creator:
Maur, Norbert
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
refugees, cognitive process, essentialism, ethnicity, race, and inference
Language:
Czech
Description:
In this paper author focuses on mental representation of ethnic and racial groups in Gabčíkovo village in Slovakia. The objective is to show, that to explain ethnic and racial classification, we need to regard two factors. The first one is social interactions. It means the social, cultural, historical and political conditions of social phenomenon. The second is the cognitive processes of the mind: in what ways the human mind operates particular external information. To explain ethnic and racial classification, the author uses the framework of cognitive anthropology, in particular theory of folk sociology.
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48. "Mit dieser Zeitschrift gedenken wir den Leser über alles Wissenswerte zu orientieren, was das čechische Volk berührt oder an dem seine Angehörigen irgendwie beteiligt sind.": Vor 100 Jahren ist der erste Band der 'Čechischen Revue' erschienen

Creator:
Vodrážková-Pokorná, Lenka
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
German studies, publicistics, and Czechs and Germans
Language:
German
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

50. "Needless to say my proposal was turned down." The early days of commercial citation indexing, an "error-making" (Popper) activity and its repercussions till today

Creator:
Tüür-Fröhlich, Terje
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
věda, evaluace, scientometrie, science, evaluation, scientometrics, žebříčky hodnocení, chyby, kritická studia vědy, rankings, errors, critical science studies, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Today university rankings and performance rankings (ot en based on JIFs, h-indexes) are believed to be indispensable to assure scientii c “quality”. Most of these performance rankings employ citation data provided by h omson Reuters. TR’s current inl uence on funding decisions, individual careers, institutions, disciplines and countries is immense and ambivalent. h ere is increasing resistance against “impactitis” and “evaluitis”. Usually overseen: Trivial errors in TR’s citation indexes (SCI, SSCI, AHCI) produce severe non-trivial ef ects: h eir victims are authors, institutions, journals with names beyond the ASCIIcode and scholars of humanities and social sciences. Based on the Joshua Lederberg Papers I claim: To overcome severe resistance Eugene Gari eld and Joshua Lederberg had to foster overoptimistic attitudes and to downplay the severe problems connected to global and multidisciplinary citation indexing. h e dii culties to handle dif erent formats of references and footnotes, non- Anglo-American names, and of publications in non-English languages were known to the pioneers of citation indexing., Dnešní žebříčky univerzit a výkonnosti (často založené na JIF a h-indexech) jsou považovány za nepostradatelné pro zajištění vědecké „kvality“. Většina z těchto žebříčku produktivity využívá citační údaje poskytnuté h omson Reuters. Současný vliv TR na rozhodování o i nancování, na individuální kariéry, instituce, obory a země je ohromný a ambivalentní. Odpor vuči „impaktitidě“ a „evaluatitidě“ se zvyšuje. Obvykle je přehlížena skutečnost, že triviální chyby v citačních indexech TR (SCI, SSCI, AHCI) mají závažné, netriviální následky: jejich obětmi jsou autoři, instituce, časopisy vymykající se ASCII-kódu a akademici v humanitních a sociálních vědách. Na základě rozboru Joshua Lederberg Papers tvrdím, že aby překonali tvrdý odpor, Eugene Gari eld a Joshua Lederberg museli protěžovat přehnaně optimistické postoje a zlehčovat vážné problémy spojené s globálními a multidisciplinárními citačními indexy. Obtíže plynoucí z ruzných formátu odkazu a poznámek, jiných než anglo-amerických jmen a publikací v jiných jazycích než v angličtině byly známy již prukopníkum citačních indexu., and Terje Tüür-Fröhlich.
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51. “Neměla jsem lehký život, ale ničeho nelituji...“ Život vesnických žen ve vzpomínkách

Creator:
Veselská, Jiřina
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
ethnographic research, country women, and memories
Language:
Czech
Description:
In the years 2004 and 2005 a survey was conducted that focused on recording of authentic testimonies about the everyday lives of women in the country predominantly in the second half of the 20th century. Correspondents of the Czech Ethnographical Society, students and female seniors from different parts of the Czech Republic took part in the survey. this report reveals the results including characteristic quotations. The information was obtained from different localities on an uneven basis. There is a compact set of records from four villages in eastern Moravia and four authentic testimonies from Těšín region in the foothills of Beskydy Mountains. The information was either handwritten by the respondents, or their narration was recorded by the Czech Ethnographical Society correspondents, students of Silesian University or by a local chronicler. The outline of the research was available to everyone. We were above all interested in the changes which rural families had to go through in the second half of the 20th century due to collectivization of land and changes in social and economic conditions.
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52. "Není pro mne více návratu do Afriky..." Korespondence Bedřicha Machulky a Adolfa Schwarzenberga

Creator:
Todorovová, Jiřina
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
hunting and stuffing of animals, organization of hunting expeditions, correspondence, filming of animals, ethnographic articafacts, hunting trophies, and curator of the museum
Language:
Czech
Description:
Bedřich Machulka was born on June 22, 1875. Since his youth he had been interested in Africa. However, only after meeting Richard Štorch he was able to realize his dreams. Together they parted for Africa. They settled in Tripolis in Libya and dedicated themselves in hunting and stuffing animals. Afterwards they moved to Sudan where they established a base for hunting expeditions. In the year 1927 Štorch died. Machulka moved his interest to eastern Africa. Since 1929 he had established a partnership with Duke Adolf Schwarzenberg (1890–1950). At the beginning their collaboration went on without problems. However, after Machulka failed to organize film recording in Kenya, the Duke did not entrust him anymore with organizing of other expeditions. This period of life of Machulka, until the year 1935, is well illustrated by letters that he exchanged with the Duke through the Schwarzenberg Office. Schwarzenberg valued Machulka highly for his professional and organizational qualities. Therefore, in spite of the mutual disagreements he found him a place of preserver and curator of small museum of ethnographic artifacts and trophies in the castle Ohrada (on the manor of Hluboká). There Machulka had worked throughout the Second World War until the year 1947, when all the properties of the Schwarzenbergs on the territory of Czechoslovakia were nationalized. Machulka finished his life in Prague in humble conditions. He died on March 6, 1954.
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53. "Nežít s bombou, ale s rozumem." Právní filosofie Reného Marcice a marxistický humanismus Ernsta Fischera jako konfrontace dvou perspektiv občanské společnosti na pozadí éry rakouského kancléře Josefa Klause (1964-1970)

Creator:
Holub, Ondřej
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
René Marcic, Ernst Fischer, civil society, Marxist humanism, and Austrian Communist Party
Language:
Czech
Description:
My study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of two theorists in what were probably the most formative years of postwar Austrian history, the era of the conservative government of Josef Klaus. Specifi cally, I compare the conservative philosophy of right of Austrian philosopher of Croatian origin René Marcic and the Marxist humanism of Ernst Fischer. In doing so, it is my intention to describe the ideological foundations and intellectual horizons of Josef Klaus’s right-wing government and, at the same time, to discuss how this policy was confronted by Ernst Fischer from the left. A further purpose of my study is to inquire into the intellectual foundations that laid the ground for Austrian civil society, and to ask how these foundations were confronted by the Austrian Communist Party’s chief ideologist, Ernst Fischer.
Rights:
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54. "Normative" and "strategic" honorifics use in interactions involving speakers of Korean as a second language

Creator:
Brown, Lucien
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Language:
English
Description:
This paper uses a corpus of 14 hours of recorded interactions to analyze the “normative” and “strategic” honorifics usage of speakers of Korean as a second language. I define “normative” honorifics as usage that reflects recognized “power”, “distance” and “formality” factors. “Strategic” honorifics usage breaks from these norms, is pragmatically “marked” and is motivated by interactional goals. Previous studies into the honorifics usage of speakers of Korean as a second language focus on analysis of “errors” judged against prescriptive norms. However, the current paper adopts an interactional socio-pragmatic perspective and looks at the ideology and specific intentions that underlie second language usage. According to my data, in comparison with native interaction, second language speaker discourse displays less variation according to normative factors but may show more marked strategic alterations. Regarding normative usage, speakers prefer to establish equal relationships and minimize “power” differences. As for strategic use, speakers may alternate honorific levels according to the sensitivity of the situation or the illocutionary force of particular utterances. I explain these differences with reference to conflicting ideologies as to language usage between Korean and “Western” cultures, prevalent during the interview process. I conclude the paper by discussing the implications for Korean applied linguistics.
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56. "Obecný lid nejvíc ziskem k činům se popuzuje": záchrany lidí před utonutím v Čechách na konci 18. století

Creator:
Hudeček, Ondřej
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
utonutí, drowning, Česko, Czechia, zdravotní policie, remunerace, drowning people, remuneration, medical police, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
This article examines the administration of rescue operations to save people from drowning and the distribution of rewards to rescuers in Bohemia during the 1780s and 1790s. Based on documented interrogations and official records, the article looks at the investigatory process, the conditions rescuers had to fulfil in order to apply for a reward from the Bohemian Gubernium, and the role of other actors in this process, such as witnesses and doctors. The study departs from the concept of biopolitics developed by French philosopher Michel Foucault and shows how the state authorities tried to foster mutual solidarity among town dwellers. While Enlightenment thinkers continued to stress the role of "love for human beings" (Menschenliebe), i.e. universal interpersonal solidarity, the elites held the view that the biggest motivation for anyone to save a person from drowning was monetary reward. The aim of the enlighteners, however, was to encourage people to embrace the ideal of "Menschenliebe" and to fully identify with it - hence their emphasis on cases of selfless acts, especially in newspapers and popular literature. Besides that, the article analyses the trend towards the medicalization of society in the Enlightenment period and changes in attitudes to death., Ondřej Hudeček., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
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57. "Odsun" / "vyhnání" v rodinné paměti Němců z českých zemí a jejich potomků

Creator:
Nosková, Jana
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
forced displacement, Germans and German minority in the Czech Republic, family memory, generation, and oral history
Language:
Czech
Description:
The study deals with the content and transmission of “images” connected with forced displacement and the relating processes in two three-generation families. The families were chosen based on the oldest generation´s personal experience with the forced displacement after World War II (a family of “deported” Germans living in Germany today and a family of German origin remaining in Czechoslovakia after 1945). The analysis focusses on family memory, whereby the authors ask not only about the content of memories of persons who are part of the “generation of experience”, but also about the transmission of these contents down to the generation of children and grandchildren, as well as about in which way the follow-up generations came to terms with the experience of the oldest generation. The authors point out the importance of family memory to create the identity of persons participating in that memory, and they demonstrate one of possible types of family remembering, whereby the youngest and the oldest generation are its major participants (transgenerational remembering).
Rights:
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59. "Poslední tanec": bolest, postižení a smrt Jeriky Bolen

Creator:
Patsavas, Alyson and Pokorná, Markéta
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
disability, pain, biopolitics, slow death, and right-to-die
Language:
Czech
Description:
In the summer of 2016, black, disabled, and gay 14-year-old Jerika Bolen announced her decision to die. The public conversation surrounding Bolen’s decision, launched through a series of newspaper articles announcing a ‘last dance’ prom, offers a case-study through which to explore how pain frustrates an analysis of the biopolitical formations that shape both right-to-die discussions and decisions. In doing so, this article offers two interventions. It reveals how dominant views of pain and disability shape and limit how we make sense of Jerika’s life and death. It also highlights the analytical leverage that this critical approach offers by reading Bolen’s death as a form of what critical theorist Lauren Berlant calls ‘slow death’ or the gradual wearing out of populations. In this way, I extend conversations within critical theory that seek to trace the slower and more sustained impacts of structural oppression. In looking at the convergence of the biopolitics and necropolitics of disability, race, class, gender, and sexuality, I suggest Bolen’s death and the ‘last dance’ that launched an international public conversation about it function as a celebration of slow death facilitated, in part, by dominant views of pain and disability.
Rights:
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60. "Postdokovat po světě": genderové politiky akademické mobility

Creator:
Alice Červinková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, ženy ve vědě, vědkyně, pracovní mobilita, rozvoj kariéry, women in science, women scientists, labor mobility, career development, akademická mobilita, care, academic mobility, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
The mobility of scientists that is the subject of this article is part of the broad scale of flows of people, objects, and knowledge in the contemporary world. These flows occur in multiple ways: from relocation and settlement in another country, to everyday pendulating mobility back and forth across boarders. In this article, the author is concerned with academic mobility and particularly mobility tied to long-term post-doctoral fellowships. She sets out to explore the gender dimension of long-term academic mobility and observe how scientists organise their professional and personal lives around movement between academic institutions. She argues that mobility at this stage of the academic trajectory involves the production of new (re)configurations of partnerships, while at the same time the fact of being in a partnership is constitutive for establishing an academic career., Alice Červinková., Téma: Feministická reflexe globalizace, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Anglické resumé
Rights:
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63. "Při odlivu klesají všechny lodě": dopady hospodářské krize po roce 2008 na muže a ženy ve střední a východní Evropě

Creator:
Nagy, Beáta and Fodor, Éva
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sociologie, gender, hospodářská krize, zaměstnanost, chudoba, economic crises, employment, poverty, CEE countries, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
In this paper we explore the impact of the economic recession of 2008 on gender inequality in the labour force in Central and Eastern European countries. We argue that job and occupational segregation protected women’s employment more than men’s in the CEE region as well, but unlike in more developed capitalist economies, women’s level of labour force participation declined and their rates of poverty increased during the crisis years. We also explore gender differences in opinions on the impact of the recession on people’s job satisfaction. For our analysis we use published data from EUROSTAT and our own calculations from EU SILC and ESS 2010., Beáta Nagy, Éva Fodor., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
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67. "Roman Jakobson. Formalismus Forever". Proč?

Creator:
Grigorov, Dobromir
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
Autor podrobně analyzuje způsob, jímž Roman Jakobson představil ruský formalismus v rámci svých přednášek konaných roku 1935 v Brně, a upozorňuje za výrazný podíl, který měl Jakobson na pozdějších interpretacích formalismu a Pražské školy (zejména na práci Victora Erlicha Russian Formalism, 1955). and The author analyzes in detail the way in which Roman Jakobson (1896–1982) presented RussianFormalism in his 1935 Brno lectures, and points out the important role Jakobson had inlater interpretations of Formalism and the Prague School, particularly Victor Erlich’s RussianFormalism (1955).
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68. "Rührung, rühren, rührend" (Pražské přednášky Augusta Gottlieba Meißnera v kontextu německé estetiky 18. století)

Creator:
Hlobil, Tomáš
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
V přednáškách z estetiky a poetiky Augusta Gottlieba Meißnera, jak je na pražské univerzitě zaznamenali jeho posluchači Josef Jungmann a Josef Liboslav Ziegler, se vyskytují mimořádně často výrazy Rührung, rühren, rührend a gerührt. Studie si klade za cíl postihnout, jak pražský ordinarius estetiky a klasické literatury s těmito výrazy v přednáškách pracoval, a zjistit, jak způsob jejich uplatnění souvisel s osvícenskou estetikou 18. století, zvláště německou. Vrcholná nobilitace tohoto pojmového komplexu v pražské univerzitní estetice přelomu osmnáctého a devatenáctého století se pravděpodobně neopírala o žádné konkrétní dílo, nýbrž souvisela s obecnými dobovými estetickými tendencemi, zvláště vlivným afektivním proudem německé estetiky účinku (Wirkungsästhetik) druhé poloviny 18. století. Tento proud, tvořící alternativu k projektu kontemplativně pojaté transcendentální estetiky Immanuela Kanta, učinil z emocí a vášní základ vkusu a umění, vštípil estetickým úvahám psychologicko-antropologický ráz, aniž ztratil ze zřetele přesvědčení o důležitosti, ba prvořadosti mravního přínosu umění. Meißnerovy přednášky představují dosud neznámý, stěží opominutelný článek tohoto proudu německé estetiky rozvinutý na univerzitě v rakouské monarchii, tedy za hranicemi tradičních středoněmeckých a severoněmeckých středisek estetického myšlení. Soustředěný zájem o Rührung Meißnerovy přednášky do tohoto proudu na jedné straně včleňuje, jeho absolutizace ústící v cílené oslabení mravního aspektu je na druhé straně posunuje na samý jeho okraj. Dvojaká role Rührung, nejpříznačnější a nejosobitější rys přednášek, nasvědčuje tomu, že Meißner byl obeznámen nejen s německými, ale i s výrazně vyhrocenějšími francouzskými a anglickými stanovisky, vstřebanými zřejmě za lipských studií. and The terms Rührung, rühren, rührend, and gerührt occur with extraordinary frequency in the lectures on aesthetics and poetics which were given at Prague University by August Gottlieb Meißner (1753–1807), as recorded by his students Josef Jungmann and Josef Liboslav Ziegler. The article aims to explain how Meißner, the ordinarius of aesthetics and classical literature at Prague, worked with these terms in his lectures and it seeks to demonstrate how their use was connected with the Enlightenment aesthetics of the eighteenth century, particularly in the German- speaking lands. The ennoblement of this set of terms in aesthetics at Prague University in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries was probably not based on any specific work. Instead, it was connected with the general aesthetic trends of the times, particularly the influential German ‘aesthetics of effect’ (Wirkungsästhetik) of the second half of the eighteenth century. This current, which constituted an alternative to the contemplatively conceived transcendental aesthetics of Immanuel Kant, made the emotions the basis of taste and art, adding a psychological-anthropological aspect to aesthetic thinking, without losing sight of the importance, even paramouncy, of the moral contribution of art. Meißner’s lectures constitute a hitherto unknown, hard to overlook part of this current of German aesthetics, which was developed at a university in the Austrian Monarchy, that is to say, beyond the frontiers of the traditional central German and north German centres of aesthetic thought. Though the concentrated interest in Rührung places Meißner’s lectures into this current, the absolutization of the term, resulting in a deliberate weakening of the moral aspect, shifts the lectures to the margins. The double role of Rührung, the most typical, most distinctive feature of the lectures, shows that Meißner was familiar not only with contemporaneous German views but also with the strikingly more pointed French and English viewpoints, which he had absorbed probably during his years at Leipzig.
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70. "Salt Over Gold": food as a tool of power and a weapon of war during the siege of Srebrenica (1992-1995)

Creator:
Slavková, Markéta
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
salt, anthropology of food, salt and iodine deficiency, Bosnian war in 1990s, and Srebrenica
Language:
Czech
Description:
Food security has been one of the most pressing issues since time immemorial. Food production and provisioning have always been demanding task, especially in times of war. An armed conflict often leads to disruption of the prevailing social order and it transforms social and economic patterns of everyday life. Moreover, wars also generally result in shortages of food, water and medical supplies, which further generates undernourishment as well as chronic hunger and famine. This article discusses the role of food in armed conflicts with an increased focus on situations when starvation is intentionally imposed on targeted populations. As Collinson and Macbeth (2014) emphasise, such intentional restriction of food by either of the sides of a conflict is a "weapon of war". These complex processes are going to be illustrated primarily on the example of the 1990s war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Nevertheless, selected events and circumstances are going to be additionally compared with historical use and social significance of salt with an emphasis on warfare. The main research focus is aimed at the former UN "Safe" Area Srebrenica and theoverall scarcity of salt in the besieged enclave during the 1990s war. Not only that during the Bosnian War, salt was purchased for precious metal items but also for those on the verge of life and death, the small amount of salt sometimes became worth more than gold.
Rights:
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71. "Seeking Glory in the Dunghills": representations of the city in the writings of modern Arab poets

Creator:
Huri, Yair
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
modern Arab poets and literature
Language:
English
Description:
The purpose of this paper is to examine the image of the city as represented and conceptualized in the works of prominent modern Arab poets, mainly since the 1950s. In this article, I will argue that the attitude of these modernists toward the city is characterized by a unique ambivalence. On the one hand, many of them (particularly those who migrated from provincial towns and rural areas to a capital city) unequivocally depict the city or metropolis as a harsh and cruel prison. On the other hand, these same poets recognize the immeasurable possibilites and the immense cultural space the big city offers its inhabitants, especially its poets and artists. Accordingly, a more incisive reading of their works reveals that modern Arab poets are also enthralled and captivated by the modern city. They feel that they have to put up with the metropolis, awe inspiring as it may be, distant from the "firsts sky" as it may be, because it allows them to confront paradox and incongruity, thus eliciting creativity. Therefore, as far as most Arab modernist poets are concerned, having been uprooted from their home village has put them face to face with "the other". In their eyes, it is exactly this challenge to their comfortable and somewhat stolid existence that propels them to the forefront of artistic creation.
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72. “Sláveček ze mlejna“. Příběh “kulaka“ Jaroslava Pauknera, syna mlynáře z jihočeských Hrejkovic

Creator:
Pauknerová, Ingrid
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
collectivisation in the country, “kulak“, Hrejkovice, Jaroslav Paukner, collective farm, and mill
Language:
Czech
Description:
The year 1948 brought an essential transformation to the countryside, its traditional values and principals of its functioning. The collectivization did not only mean consolidation of private land into collective farms; for the entire period, it was connected with repressive methods used against so-called kulaks. The contribution is a micro-probe into the life story of miller Jaroslav Paukner from the village of Hrejkovice in Southern Bohemia. Together with his parents, he was classified as “kulak” and he had to face permanent economic and social pressure crowned by handing over of his farm to the local collective farm, deportation of the family from the village and following court proceedings as a consequence of miller´s self-willed removing into his native village. The article is based on comparison of archive materials, private chronicle of a Hrejkovice inhabitant, and survivors ́ memories. Its main aim was to offer an alternative view of the 1950s than that offered by history books, namely through a very particular story.
Rights:
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73. “Smíme vstoupit?“ Etika a proměny podoby výzkumu severoamerických indiánů

Creator:
Šavelková, Lívia
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Nativ Americans, ethics, anthropology, North America, and research
Language:
Czech
Description:
The study pays attention to the formation of the research into Nativ Americans, as well as to the ethical issues connected not only with the discipline of cultural anthropology, but also of museology, archaeology, or cultural studies. The study reflects the development in the attitude to Nativ Americans since the second half of the 19th century. It describes the foundation of the Institute of American Ethnology, the formation of anthropology in the USA as well as the era of Franz Boas, one of its founders. It also reflects the criticism by Indian academicians. It points out the interconnection between political ideologies, relation to Indians (and all indigenous inhabitants of North America) and definition of research, most visibly especially in connection with applied anthropology It also focuses on contemporary trends, ethical codes, and the role of the Native American and Indigenous Studies within the context of decolonization.
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74. "Strahovský druhý" rukopis Knihy Tovačovské DF V 11: (Doplňky k soupisu rukopisů Knihy Tovačovské VI.)

Creator:
Zachová, Alena
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
addition to the list of Tovačov Book codices, early Moravian law, Tovačov book, and manuscript DF V 11 of the Strahov Library
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
The article deals with the manuscript DF V 11 housed in the Strahov Library and containing a transcription of the Tovačov Book - a manual of early Moravian provincial law. The text is analysed in a detailed way as this codex is missing in the list of the manuscripts of the Book compiled by Prof. Čáda in 1968.
Rights:
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75. "Světový názor" a "interpretační komunita" v literární vědě - několik poznámek

Creator:
Borovička, Lukáš
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
Cílem této eseje je načrtnout takový přístup k (literárnímu) textu, který prostřednictvím pojmů světový názor a interpretační komunita umožňuje vyložit symbolický systém díla a zasadit jej do historického kontextu doby jeho vzniku. V první části se vyrovnávám s definicí pojmů Weltanschauung a Weltbild v německé filozofické tradici, v níž lze sledovat počátky konceptualizování vztahu mezi jedincem a nazíraným světem. Obsahem druhé části je konfrontace ideologické interpretace literárního textu, kterým se vyznačoval marxleninismus, a takového výkladu, který nevychází z předem daného stanoviska, ale snaží se popsat světonázorovou strukturu sledovaného konceptu. Produktivní definici světonázoru (world view) představilo bruselské Center Leo Apostel, které tento typ výzkumu institucionalizovalo na široce interdisciplinární bázi. Několik závěrečných poznámek přítomného textu je věnováno způsobu, jakým se nám světový názor autora jeví při čtení díla a rovněž dynamice světonázoru v souvislosti s historickou změnou. and This article outlines an approach to a literary text, which enables one, by means of the terms Weltanschauung (world view) and interpretation community, to interpret the symbol system of a work and to put it into the historical context of its period. In the first part, the author compares the definitions of Weltanschauung and Weltbild in the German philosophical tradition, in which one observes the beginning of the conceptualization of the relationship between the individual and observation of the world. The second part of the article is a comparison of the ideological interpretation of the literary text, typical of Marx-Leninism, and of the kind of interpretation that does not start from an already agreed standpoint, but seeks instead to describe the Weltanschauung structure of the concept under observation. A productive definition of ‘world view’ was offered by the Center Leo Apostel, Brussels, which institutionalized this sort of research on a broad interdisciplinary basis. The article concludes with several remarks on the means by which an author’s Weltanschauung appears to us when reading his or her work, and also on the dynamics of the Weltanschauung in connection with historical change.
Rights:
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78. "To make use of the enormous positive and actual potential of the Hussite Movement.": the role of the Bohemian Reformation in relations between the czech Protestants and the Communist Regime

Creator:
Peter C. A. Morée
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Filozofie, reformace, protestanté, protestantismus, komunismus, reformation, Protestants, Protestantism, communism, Česko, Czechia, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
Peter Morée. and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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82. "Urbář" kláštera augustiniánů-eremitů v Pivoni v knihovně Angelica v Římě

Creator:
Petr, Stanislav and Zachová, Irena
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Augustinians-Eremites of Pivoň, Bibliotheca Angelica in Rome, and Land register of Pivoň
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
This article analyses in detail a land register dating from the year 1733 (Sg. 1976) which was found recently in Rome, focusing on its contents and on the wider context of the contents. The manuscript brings furthermore a history of the convent in prose and in vers the translation of which consitutes a part of the article.
Rights:
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84. "Vás o, svatí patronové, pobožně vzýváme" aneb poslední epidemie moru z let 1713-1714 v myšlení a jednání obyvatel města Písku

Creator:
Duda, Zdeněk
Format:
print, text, regular print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
mor, plague, Písek (Česko), Písek (Czechia), disciplinační opatření, barokní zbožnost, baroque piety, disciplinary measures, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
The Black Death plague constituted a major disruption of the ordinary pace of life of the society in early modern period. As such it attracted interest and drew attention. The Black Death menace caused panic and fear, and therefore various measures and actions which were supposed to prevent the outbreak of the plague or at least considerably limit its consequences were defined and carried out. Such practices were shaped by contemporary ideologies and mentalities and reflected everyday experience. The study of various means of dealing with the Black Death menace may be like looking in a mirror in which the curves of the quotidian lifestyle of the period are reflected. The present paper which analyses the last Black Death plague of 1713-1714 in the environment of a south­Bohemian town offers one such view. The mechanisms which the inhabitants of the regional capital Písek formulated and applied in the attempt to confront the iimpending Black Death menace, are specifically examined. The bearing of these mechanisms on contemporary devoutness is also problematized at the level of so­called semi­folk discourse., Zdeněk Duda., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
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86. “Verbal” use of “nouns” in Shījīng

Creator:
Zádrapa, Lukáš
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
classical Chinese, grammar, word-class conversion, and cognitive linguistics
Language:
English
Description:
The article presents a survey of the so-called noun-verb transitions – which are traditionally labeled as huóyòng or “live usage” – in the Shījīng, and touches upon the more general issue of word-class flexibility in old varieties of Chinese. It is based on a theoretical platform elaborated in my previous study, which itself drew on the corpus of Classical Chinese prose. An application of the theory on the Shījīng thus constitutes an extension of this material by reference to data from Pre-Classical poetry, which enables us to observe both similarities and possible differences between the two periods and styles of the language. Instances of well-established patterns are summarized in a list and supplemented by a brief commentary; much space is, on the other hand, dedicated to less predictable derivations, which deserve closer attention and call for a more detailed investigation. Special attention is paid also to the role of metaphor and metonymy in the respective processes. The analysis reveals the complexity and fine-grained stratification of the phenomenon at issue, tests and proves the usefulness of the system of interpretative instruments proposed earlier, and invites further exploration in relation to the role and distribution of noun-verb huóyòng in this canonical book.
Rights:
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92. "Zachraňte Aminu": globální spravedlnost pro ženy a interkulturní dialog

Creator:
Jaggar, Alison M
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
feminismus, gender, dialog kultur, sociální spravedlnost, chudoba, feminism, dialogue of cultures, social justice, poverty, ne-západní kultury, globální spravedlnost, interkulturní dialog, genderové nerovnosti, non-western cultures, global justice, 5, and 14
Language:
Czech
Description:
Western moral and political theorists have recently devoted considerable attention to the perceived victimisation of women by non-western cultures. In this paper, the author argues that conceiving injustice to poor women in poor countries primarily as a matter of their oppression by illiberal cultures presents an understanding of their situation that is crucially incomplete. This incomplete understanding distorts Western theorists’ comprehension of our moral relationship to women elsewhere in the world and so of our theoretical task. It also impoverishes our assumptions about the intercultural dialogue necessary to promote global justice for women., Alison M. Jaggar, and Anglické resumé
Rights:
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93. „Zapomenuté“ breviáře z kláštera benediktinek u sv. Jiří na Pražském hradě a jejich kalendáře: (Rukopisy Národní knihovny ČR XXIII D 156, XXIII D 142, XXIII D 155 a XXIII D 138)

Creator:
Svobodová, Milada
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
St. George's Convent, breviary, and calendarium
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
The closure of St George's Benedictine convent in Prague Castle in 1782 meant the end of a valuable convent library, whose size and contents we can only conjecture. Hitherto we have been aware of a set of 65 codices to be found for the most part in the Czech National Library fonds with individual items owned by the Prague National Museum Library and the Ősterreichische Nationalbibliothek in Vienna. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to the practically unknown St George codices which the Czech National Library purchased together with the Prague Lobkowicz library. These are four breviaries which were acquired by the Lobkowicz Library in 1835. Summer breviary XXIII D 156 was created before the mid-13th century undoubtedly in the environment of St George's Convent, while the somewhat older Calendarium is evidently not from St George's or of Bohemian origin at all. The winter breviary XXIII D 155 is ascribed to St George's Abbess Anežka (1355-1358). Summer breviary XXIII D 142 was created in 1359 for Sister Alžbeta, the codex decoration is from the workshop of master breviarist Grandmaster Lev. Summer breviary XXIII D 138, which is of artistic and iconographic interest, is the work of four scribes and two previously unknown illuminators.
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94. "Že sou ti mezi jinými nejpravější" [That they are the most righteous ones among the others]: confessional rapprochement at the diet of 1575 as portrayed in the Diarium of the Bohemian Brethren

Creator:
James R. Palmitessa
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Filozofie, 16. století, stavy, dějiny, utrakvisté, luteráni, Estates, history, Utraquists, Lutherans, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
James Palmitessa. and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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95. "Ženské psaní" jako inscenace limit textu

Creator:
Matonoha, Jan
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article examines the nature of the relationship between the kind of textual politics, here referredto as ‘women’s writing’, and the dominant discursive practice of Czech culture, whoselogic and functioning is best encapsulated in the Derridean term ‘phallogocentrism’. Women’swriting is defined here as the kind of writing which locates itself outside the domain and logicof a phallogocentric discourse, trying to challenge and undermine its hegemonic status. In thisrespect, women’s writing is not delimited by the sex of an author, but by his/her gendered subjectivity,his/her position within the discursive formation, and his/her attitude to hegemonic languagepractices. Women’s writing, as understood in this thesis, critically reflects upon the role oflanguage as a decisive medium for our thinking, and questions the notion of subjectivity, whichis usually equated with the Cartesian Ego and conceived as an autonomous entity. Through itstextual strategies, women’s writing reflects upon the fact that we all are inevitably ‘inserted’ intolanguage. Consequently, rather than striving to free itself of – inevitable – discursive formationand constraints, it highlights the formative role of language by means of an ironic, palimpsest‑likere‑writingof conventional literary narratives, as well as by means of textual politics definedby the continuous displacement of meaning. The criticism of the phallogocentric concept of subjectivityis on the one hand informed by the decentring of the identity of the narrating subject,and on the other by one’s awareness of one’s epistemic situatedness within a particular discursivespace. The logic and economy of women’s writing is determined by the tension between itsdrive towards non‑phallogocentricdiscourse, and its paradoxical, yet inevitable dependence onsymbolic codes and hegemonic discursive practices. The subversive potential of women’s writing,as understood here, is thus not situated within a space seen as a radical ‘beyond’, but is directedinwards, into the fissures of the phallogocentric discourse itself.In order to exemplify the features of women’s writing, the article discusses a novel Slabikářotcovského jazyka (A Primer of the Father Tongue) by Sylvie Richterová (who is, apart fromSoučková, Linhartová, Hodrová, and Hrabal, one of the authors discussed in a monograph ofwhich the present article is an excerpt). Richterová’s novel, which may be read as a radical reassessmentof the genre of autobiography, is considered in the article a fragmented space ofmemory, which provides an ambiguous ground for an attempt to integrate a discontinuous identity,an integration that can never be fully accomplished. The paper then argues that one’s identitycan never be grasped as a full and unmediated presence due to both the nature of languagebased on the mechanism of constant deferral (Derrida) and the nature of always already splitsubjectivity based on an essential and constitutive lack (Lacan). Given this crucial yet impossibletask of achieving one’s identity in its full presence, what the text does is to enact textuallythe process of inevitable, benign ‘failure’. Thus, rather than a simple proposition, a meaning ora function of the text resides in recording textual traces of this profoundly meaningful ‘failure’. Ultimately,the article argues, the subversive potential of women’s writing can paradoxically only residein a strategic staging and performance of its very own discursive and epistemological limitsin process, or, as Miroslav Petříček puts it, as a pragmatic contradiction, which means that atthe textual and stylistic level, the text performs the exact opposite of what it conveys at the levelof its proposition.
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96. “Ženu statečnou kdo nalezne. Neb daleko nad perly cena její.“

Creator:
Veselská, Dana
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Jewish women, woman’s main tasks, and Jewish tradition
Language:
Czech
Description:
In her essay, the author deals with the traditional position of woman in Jewish society. Although woman’s life role may seem very restricted and insignificant, according to the tradition, Jewish woman is considered to be the pillar of the family and the key element in passing on the Jewish tradition to future generations. Women’s participation in religious life is limited, yet their main attention is almost exclusively directed towards family and child raising. their absence from religious rituals is perceived as a positive element which enables women to fully concentrate on their most important role of a mother. Jewish families are traditionally large. Among Jewish woman’s main tasks is the observance of family purification rules, preparation of kosher food, arrangements for family celebrations of Sabbath and festivals and child raising. Attention is also paid to the basic principles of matrimonial cohabitation, to the educational opportunities of Jewish women in the past, their charitable and associational activities and the most frequent ways of earning their living.
Rights:
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97. "Zrcadlo přírody" a druhých u Davida Huma

Creator:
Hanzal, Tomáš
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
David Hume, asociace, podobnost, sympatie, mýtus daného, association, resemblance, sympathy, myth of the given, Assoziation, Ähnlichkeit, Sympathie, and Mythos des Gegebenen
Language:
Czech
Description:
Článek interpretuje Humovu teorii asociace idejí především se zřetelem k podobnosti jako jednomu z principů asociace a k obecným idejím (či pojmům) jako zásadnímu produktu asociace. Na základě této interpretace autor tvrdí, že Humovo pojetí podobnosti a obecných termínů není podmíněno přijetím tzv. „mýtu daného“. V důsledku přijetí tohoto předpokladu však vyvstávají nové otázky, zejména proč asociací vznikají zrovna ty obecné pojmy, které reálně vznikají, a jak dochází k jejich intersubjektivnímu sdílení. Tyto otázky vedou k nutnosti doplnit obrázek mysli jako „zrcadla přírody“ ze začátku první knihy Humova Pojednání o lidské přirozenosti obrázkem mysli jako „zrcadla druhých“ z jeho druhé knihy., The article interprets Hume’s theory of association of ideas, primarily with respect to resemblance as one of the principles of association and to general ideas (or concepts) as a principal consequence of association. On the basis of this interpretation, the author argues that Hume’s conception of resemblance and general terms is not conditioned by the acceptance of the so-called “myth of the given”. As a result of accepting this assumption, however, new questions arise; in particular, why is it that just those general concepts arise that in fact arise and how are they intersubjectively shared. These questions lead to the need to supplement the image of the mind as a “mirror of nature” from the beginning of Hume’s A Treatise of Human Nature, book I, with the image of the mind as a “mirror of others” from book II., and Der vorliegende Artikel bietet eine Interpretation von Humes Theorie der Assoziation von Ideen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Ähnlichkeit als eines der Assoziationsprinzipien und auf die allgemeinen Ideen (bzw. Begriffe) als Grundprodukte der Assoziation. Auf Grundlage dieser Interpretation stellt der Autor die Behauptung auf, dass Humes Auffassung der Ähnlichkeit und der allgemeinen Begriffe nicht durch die Annahme des sog. „Mythos des Gegebenen“ bedingt ist. Infolge der Annahme dieser Voraussetzung treten jedoch neue Fragen auf, insbesondere die Frage, warum durch Assoziationen ausgerechnet jene allgemeinen Begriffe entstehen, die real entstehen, und wie es zu deren intersubjektiven Mitteilung kommt. Diese Fragen führen zu der Notwendigkeit, das Bild vom Denken als „Spiegel der Natur“ am Anfang des ersten Buches von Humes Abhandlung über die menschliche Natur durch das Bild des Denkens als „Spiegel der Anderen“ aus dem zweiten Buch zu ergänzen.
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99. $(m,r)$-central Riordan arrays and their applications

Creator:
Yang, Sheng-Liang, Xu, Yan-Xue, and He, Tian-Xiao
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
mathematics, Riordan array, central coefficient, central Riordan array, generating function, Fuss-Catalan number, Pascal matrix, Catalan matrix, 13, and 51
Language:
English
Description:
For integers $m > r \geq0$, Brietzke (2008) defined the $(m,r)$-central coefficients of an infinite lower triangular matrix $G=(d, h)=(d_{n,k})_{n,k \in\mathbb{N}}$ as $ d_{mn+r,(m-1)n+r}$, with $n=0,1,2,\cdots$, and the $(m,r)$-central coefficient triangle of $G$ as $G^{(m,r)} = (d_{mn+r,(m-1)n+k+r})_{n,k \in\mathbb{N}}. $ It is known that the $(m,r)$-central coefficient triangles of any Riordan array are also Riordan arrays. In this paper, for a Riordan array $G=(d,h)$ with $h(0)=0$ and $d(0), h'(0)\not= 0$, we obtain the generating function of its $(m,r)$-central coefficients and give an explicit representation for the $(m,r)$-central Riordan array $G^{(m,r)}$ in terms of the Riordan array $G$. Meanwhile, the algebraic structures of the $(m,r)$-central Riordan arrays are also investigated, such as their decompositions, their inverses, and their recessive expressions in terms of $m$ and $r$. As applications, we determine the $(m,r)$-central Riordan arrays of the Pascal matrix and other Riordan arrays, from which numerous identities are constructed by a uniform approach., Sheng-Liang Yang, Yan-Xue Xu, Tian-Xiao He., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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100. $(n,d)$-injective covers, $n$-coherent rings, and $(n,d)$-rings

Creator:
Li, Weiqing and Ouyang, Baiyu
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
cover, envelope, $n$-coherent ring, $(n,d)$-injective, and $(n,d)$-ring
Language:
English
Description:
It is known that a ring $R$ is left Noetherian if and only if every left $R$-module has an injective (pre)cover. We show that $(1)$ if $R$ is a right $n$-coherent ring, then every right $R$-module has an $(n,d)$-injective (pre)cover; $(2)$ if $R$ is a ring such that every $(n,0)$-injective right $R$-module is $n$-pure extending, and if every right $R$-module has an $(n,0)$-injective cover, then $R$ is right $n$-coherent. As applications of these results, we give some characterizations of $(n,d)$-rings, von Neumann regular rings and semisimple rings.
Rights:
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